The increasing incidences of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）lead to the preva⁃ lence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD），which needs its early diagnosis and management by the doctors both in primary care and endocrinology. As T2DM and cardiovascular disease are extrahepatically concomitant，the treatment of NAFLD involves intervention of life style，management of body weight，blood pressure，blood glucose and blood lipid as well as prevention of hepatic cirrhosis. This papers is to interpret the key points of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Primary Care and Endocrinology Clinical Settings Co⁃sponsored by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases so as to make some evidence ⁃based suggestions on the prevention，diagnosis and treatment strategy for adult and children NAFLD patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of prealbumin on anxiety，hypersensitive C ⁃ reactive protein and lymphocytes in patients with COVID⁃19，and to provide reference for preventing COVID⁃19 and im⁃ proving its recovery. Methods The anxiety of 212 patients with COVID⁃19 was measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale（HADS），and serum prealbumin，high⁃sensitivity C⁃reactive protein and lymphocyte cells were detected by the hospital laboratory. Results A total of 212 people，aged 19⁃59 years，were enrolled in this study， including 139 men，with an average age of 34.67 ± 9.97 years. The length of hospitalization was 2 ~ 27 days. One hundred and eight people（50.9%）were infected with COVID⁃19，71 of which（33.5%）was with novel coronavirus pneumonia（mild），and 33 people（15.6%）with novel coronavirus pneumonia（common）. Serum prealbumin was negatively correlated with anxiety（P < 0.001）and the level of high⁃sensitivity C⁃reactive protein，and positively with the number of lymphocytes（P < 0.001）. Anxiety was negatively correlated with lymphocytes（P < 0.01），and hypersensitive C⁃reactive protein was negatively correlated with lymphocytes as well（P < 0.001）. The mediating effect consisted of two paths：the indirect effect 1 of prealbumin→anxiety→lymphocytes and the indirect effect 2 of prealbumin→hs ⁃ CRP→lymphocytes. The results showed that prealbumin could affect lymphocytes through the mediation of anxiety and hs ⁃CRP（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Prealbumin exerts influence on lymphocytes through the importantly mediating role of anxiety and hypersensitive C⁃reactive protein in patients with COVID⁃19 infection.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of angiopoietin⁃like protein 8（ANGPTL8） in N⁃diethylnitrosamine（DEN）⁃induced acute liver injury in mice. Methods Male wild⁃type（WT）and ANGPTL8 knockout（ANGPTL8 KO）C57BL/6J mice were selected and injected with DEN（50 mg/kg）intraperitoneally to induce acute liver injury models（32 mice in each group at 15 days of age and 14 mice in each group at 8 weeks of age）. The expression of ANGPTL8 in liver tissue and primary liver cells were detected by PCR and immunofluores⁃ cence；the levels of ALT and AST in serum were detected by the kit；the histopathological changes of liver were observed by HE staining；in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species（ROS）in primary liver cells was examined by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy；the levels of inflammatory factors IL⁃6 and IL⁃1β serum were detected by ELISA；the apoptosis of hepatocytes were detected by TUNEL staining. Results The expression of ANGPTL8 in the liver was significantly up⁃regulated at 3 days after DEN stimulation. Compared with WT mice，ANGPTL8 KO could significantly down⁃regulate the levels of ALT，AST，IL⁃6 and IL⁃1β in the serum induced by DEN；the hepatic lobular disorder，inflammation⁃related cell infiltration，hepatocyte congestion，vacuolar degeneration and necrosis induced by DEN were significantly improved in ANGPTL8 KO mice；the ROS accumulation and hepatocytes apoptosis induced by DEN were dramatically induced in ANGPTL8 KO mice. Conclusion DEN up⁃regulates the expression of ANGPTL8 in the liver，and ANGPTL8 further promotes the accumulation of ROS，the expression and secretion of inflammatory factors and hepatocyte apoptosis，which eventually aggravates DEN⁃induced acute liver injury.

Objective The research aimed to investigate the effect of autophagy intervention on femoral head necrosis in rats with steroid⁃induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. Methods Eighteen SPF SD rats were randomly divided into three groups：model group（M），autophagic block group（M⁃3⁃MA）and autophagic activation group（M⁃Rap），and then they were treated with methylprednisolone，methylprednisolone + 3⁃methyladenine（3⁃ MA），methylprednisolone + rapamycin，respectively. After 8 weeks，blood samples were collected from abdominal aorta for determination of blood lipid and endothelial nitric oxide synthase（eNOS），nitric oxide（NO）and endo⁃ thelin⁃1（ET⁃1）content. After harvesting the rat femoral head，the expression of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and p62 was detected by Western blot. Results The necrosis rate of femoral head in M，M ⁃3⁃MA and M ⁃Rap groups was 66. 67%， 100% and 33.33%. Compared with group M，the mean necrotic surface area of femoral head was larger in group M⁃3⁃MA and smaller in group M⁃Rap. The difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Compared with group M，the LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ expression in M⁃3⁃MA group was decreased and the expression of p62 was increased，the levels of TG，TCH，LDL and ET⁃1 in blood were all increased，but the contents of HDL，eNOS and NO were decreased； in M⁃RAP group，the expression of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein was increased，the expression of p62 protein was decreased， the levels of TG，TCH，LDL and ET⁃1 in blood were decreased，but the HDL，eNOS and NO increased. All the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Autophagy intervention can improve the inci⁃ dence of SANFH by regulating lipid metabolism and promoting the repair of vascular endothelial injury，and limit the scope of necrotic lesions，which is a new direction of SANFH treatment.

Objective To explore the role of lymphatic vessel neogenesis in myocardial remodeling in hypertension based on the Yes ⁃ associated protein （YAP）/homologous heterotypic cassette transcription factor （PROX1）pathway. Methods The mice were divided into Sham+YAP⁃KO group，TAC+YAP⁃KO group，Sham+WT group and TAC+WT group，with 4 10 mice in each group. Cardiac parameters were obtained by echocardiography. The expression of lymphatic vascular endothelial cell hyaluronan receptor 1（LYVE1）in mouse heart tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Mouse lymphatic vessel endothelial cells（LECs）were divided into the following six groups：control group，AngⅡ+NC group，AngⅡ+si⁃YAP group，AngⅡ+YAP group，AngⅡ+si⁃ YAP+Vector group and AngⅡ+si⁃YAP+PROX1 group. The migration and proliferation of LECs were detected by wound healing test and EDU staining. Results Compared with those in the TAC+WT group，the heart mass ratio， cardiomyocyte size and interstitial fibrosis area were significantly increased（P < 0.05）and lymphatic microvessel density was significantly decreased（P < 0.05）in the TAC+YAP ⁃KO group. Compared with those in the control group，the healing area，cell proliferation，and number of tube formation were significantly decreased in the Ang Ⅱ+NC group（P < 0.05），and the decrease was more significantly in the AngⅡ+si⁃YAP group than in the AngⅡ+ NC group（P < 0.05），whereas the healing area，cell proliferation，and number of tube formation were significantly increased in the AngⅡ+YAP group when compared with the AngⅡ+NC group（P < 0.05）. The healing area， proliferating cells，and number of tube formation were significantly（P < 0.05）increased in the LECs of the Ang Ⅱ+si⁃YAP+PROX1 group when compared with the AngⅡ+si⁃YAP+Vector group. Conclusion The lymphangio⁃ genesis mediated by YAP/PROX1 signaling pathway may be a potential target for the treatment of cardiac dysfunc⁃tion caused by pressure overload.

Objective To investigate the effect of SiO2 on expression of MUC5AC in Beas⁃2b and explore the related mechanism. Methods Beas⁃2b was cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37 ℃ and 5% CO2. Beas⁃2b was transfected with lentiviruses such as NC⁃siRNA，ATG5⁃siRNA，BECN1⁃siRNA and mcherry⁃ EGFP⁃LC3. The cells in each group were transfected with corresponding lentivirus（MOI = 20）for 12 hours，then with fresh culture medium. Puromycin（1 μg/mL）was used to obtain stable transfected cell line. Cells were treated with SiO2（100 μg/mL）and PBS for 24 hours. Then protein of MUC5AC，ATG5，BECN1 and LC3 was detected by immunofluorenscent test and western blot. Results Expression of MUC5AC，ATG5，BECN1 and LC3Ⅱ in cells treated by SiO2 was signifiacntly higher than that in control cells（P < 0.05）. After stimulation of SiO2， expression of MUC5AC and LC3Ⅱ in cells transfected with ATG5⁃siRNA and BECN1⁃siRNA was lower than that in control cells（P < 0.05）. Conclusion SiO2 can enhance the expression of MUC5AC in human airway epithelial cells by promoting autophagy，which is related with the regulation of ATG5 and BECN1.

Objective To study the effect of drug eluting balloon combined with cutting balloon after coro⁃ nary artery stenting. Methods In this prospective study，we included 72 patients contracting in ⁃stent restenosis （ISR）with a stenosis rate ≥ 50% after coronary artery stenting hospitalized in our hospital during July 2021 and December 2021 and divided them equally into observation group and control group. The patients in the observation group were treated with drug⁃eluting balloon joint cutting balloon and those in the control group with drug eluting balloon. The two groups were compared in terms of treatment effect，cardiac function and adverse cardiovascular events. Results After treatment，the vascular inner diameter and the stenosis rate among the patients in the two groups were significantly improved（P < 0.05）. The vascular inner diameter in the observation group was signifi⁃ cantly larger than that in the control group（P < 0.05）and the stenosis rate was significantly lower than that in the control group（P < 0.05）. After treatment，the LVEF and LAD in the two groups were significantly increased（P < 0.05），while RVD，LVD and LVEDV were decreased（P < 0.05）. The LVEF and LAD in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）and RVD，LVD and LVEDV were significantly lower than those of the control group（P < 0.05）. The incidences of recurrent angina pectoris，non⁃fatal myocardial infarction，target vessel revascularization and heart failure in the observation group at 6 months after operation were significantly lower than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. The postoperative Mb and cTn Ⅰ in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the levels of Mb and cTn Ⅰ between the two groups 6 months after operation（P > 0.05）. Conclusion For treating patients with ISR，cutting balloon combined with drug eluting balloon achieves good therapeutic effect and prognosis.

Objective Evaluation of the short term efficacy of fully degraded sinus drug ⁃stents（SES） implanted during modified endoscopic sinus surgery （ESS）in patients with Recurrent Rhinosinusitis （RRS）. Methods Patients with recurrent sinusitis who were operated by the same surgeon were selected and randomly divided into stent side and control side after ESS by self⁃control method. At 30 and 90 days after surgery ，an independent evaluation team evaluated the recovery of the stent and control sites based on the endoscopic findings， performed endoscopic scores（VAS），and determined the need for postoperative intervention（surgery and oral hormone intervention）. Results A total of 30 patients with recurrent sinusitis were included in this study. At 30 days after surgery，the proportion of patients requiring postoperative intervention in the stent group decreased by 50% compared with the control group（χ2 = 5.514，P = 0.007 0），including 50% for surgical intervention（χ2 = 4.921， P = 0.043 9）and 50% for oral hormone intervention（χ2 = 5.292，P = 0.022 7）. The patency of frontal sinus was increased by 60%（χ2 = 5.343，P = 0.034）. At 90 days post⁃ESS，the proportion of postoperative intervention in the stent group decreased by 50% compared with the control group（χ2 = 5.414，P = 0.024 5），among which，surgical intervention decreased by 42.8%（χ2 = 4.887，P = 0.033 9），and oral hormone intervention decreased by66.7% （χ2 = 5.492，P = 0.042 7）. The patency of frontal sinus opening was increased by 44.4%（χ2 = 4.343，P = 0.044）， and the inflammation score（VAS）was significantly different（χ2 = 5.242，P = 0.035）. Conclusion The implan⁃ tation of SES in RRS improves the postoperative patency of frontal sinus，reduces the possibility of reintervention after ESS and postoperative inflammatory response，and the short⁃term effect of SES in the treatment of recurrent sinusitis is effective.

Objective To investigate the role and significance of Bone Mineral Density（BMD）and serum 25⁃hydroxy vitamin D（25（OH）D）and Irisin levels expression in muscle mass and bone loss in the elderly male population with different degrees of sarcopenia（SP）. Methods 225 male elderly patients with sarcopenia were selected from the outpatient and inpatient departments of endocrinology in the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University，and then divided into three groups according to the different degrees of sarcopenia：the pre⁃ sarcopenia group（75 cases in group A），the sarcopenia group（75 cases in group B），and the severe sarcopenia group（75 cases in group C）. Healthy check⁃ups from medical examination centers were also selected and matched for age and included in the normal control group（75 cases in the NC group），and serum Irisin levels were measured by Enzyme⁃Linked Immunosorbent Assay（Elisa）in all subjects. Results BMD was significantly lower in group C than in groups A，B，and NC（all P < 0.05）；the difference between BMD was significantly lower in group A than in group NC was statistically significant，and there was no statistical difference between group A and group B. The differences between serum Irisin and 25（OH）D levels in patients with different SP severity grades were statistically significant（all P < 0.05）. Pearson results showed that serum Irisin was positively correlated with BMD （L1⁃4，Neck），SMI，grip strength，gait speed，25（OH）D，HDL⁃C，and negatively correlated with BMI and LDL⁃C； serum 25（OH）D level was positively correlated with BMD（L1⁃4，Neck），SMI，grip strength，gait speed，HDL⁃C， Irisin，and negatively correlated with BMI and TG. Conclusion Muscle mass and bone loss are associated withlow levels of 25（OH）D and Irisin expression in the elderly male population，and their combined testing can help in the diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of thoracolumbar compression fracture reduction bed combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty （PVP）in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture. Methods From January 2021 to January 2022，75 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture in our hospital were randomly divided into reduction bed group，PVP group and percutaneous kyphoplasty （PKP）group. Preoperative and postoperative local Cobb angle，VAS score，the height of anterior and posterior edge of the injured vertebral body，anterior edge compression rate of the injured vertebral body，the Oswestry Dysfunction Index，bone cement leakage，new fractures of adjacent vertebral body，amount of cement injected， hospitalization cost，days of hospitalization，bone mineral density（BMD）and other complications were compared in the three groups. Results Compared with PVP Group，the reduction bed group and PKP group had smaller Cobb angle，higher anterior edge height，lower anterior edge compression rate and more cement injection at the same time after operation. There were no significant differences in VAS score，Oswestry Dysfunction Index，bone cement leakage，new fracture of adjacent vertebral body，bone mineral density and days of hospitalization among the three groups（P > 0.05）. The cost of hospitalization was lower in the reduction bed group than that in the PKP Group. Conclusion Reduction bed combined with PVP for osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture can improve postoperative Cobb Angle，restore the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebral body，and reduce the hospitalization cost，and it is worth to be popularized in primary hospitals.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of arthroscopic tenotomy and tenodesis of biceps tendon combined with rotator cuff repair in treating medium and large rotator cuff tears with long head of biceps tendon（LHBT）injury. Methods Forty ⁃ five patients who received tenotomy and tenodesis of biceps tendon combined with rotator cuff repair were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into tenotomy group（25 cases） and tenodesis group（20 cases）. Before operation and 1 year after operation，the range of motion（ROM），Visual analogue scale（VAS）score，UCLA score and Constant ⁃Murley score were used to evaluate the treatment effect. One year after operation，the condition of rotator cuff healing was evaluated using MRI，meanwhile the incidence of Popeye deformity and muscle strength weakness of biceps tendon was assessed. Results Forty⁃five cases were followed up for 1 year. ROM，VAS score，UCLA score and Constant⁃Murley score in both groups 1 year after opera⁃ tion were significantly better and higher than those before operation（P < 0.05）. No significant difference in terms of ROM，VAS score，UCLA score and Constant⁃Murley score was found between the 2 groups 1 year after operation （P > 0.05），while the tenodesis group required a longer surgical time（P < 0.05）. The groups also did not differ in incidence of rotator cuff retear，Popeye deformity，elbow flexion and forearm supination muscle strength weakness （P > 0.05）. Conclusions Both tenodesis and tenotomy of biceps tendon combined with rotator cuff repair can achieve satisfactory clinical effects，leading to similar incidence of Popeye deformity，elbow flexion and forearm supination muscle strength weakness. Tenotomy of biceps tendon requires shorter surgical time，which makes it a simpler and more economical option.

Objective To explore the role of seaweed biological glues（SBG）on perforation healing（PH） and abdominal infection（AI）in patients with gastroduodenal perforation（GDP）. Methods One hundred and six GDP patients were randomly divided into treatment group（n = 43）and control group（n = 63）. We detected the levels of white blood cells（WBC），C⁃reactive protein（CRP）and procalcitonin（PCT）before and 3 days after op⁃ eration and at the same time we observed the postoperative perforation healing situation，the abdominal drainage， anal exhaust time，ambulation time，wound healing，abdominal abscess，and time of hospital stay. Then we com⁃ pared the changes of the data between the two groups with statistical analysis，and explored the safety and efficacy of the seaweed biological glues（SBG）in gastroduodenal perforation（GDP）. Results The perforation healing rate was 100% in both groups. There was no significant difference in the preoperative inflammatory indicators WBC， CRP and PCT between the two groups. The WBC and CRP levels in the treatment group were significantly decreased on the third day after operation，while PCT was only slightly improved. The levels of WBC and CRP in the control group on the third day after surgery decreased slightly comparing with those before surgery and the level of PCT remained unchanged. After surgery，the levels of WBC and CRP in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P < 0.05），while the level of PCT was insignificantly decreased in the treatment group comparing with the control group（P = 0.64）. There were no differences in postoperative abdominal drainage volume，exhaust time，ambulation time，incision infection rate and incidence of abdominal abscess between the two groups. However，postoperative abdominal drainage volume in the treatment group was marginally significantly lower than that in the control group（P = 0.069）. Conclusion Seaweed biological glues are safe in the treatmentof gastroduodenal perforation. It can not only promote perforation healing，but also effectively improve abdominal infection.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of semaglutide in the treatment of overweight and obese adults with non⁃type 2 diabetes. Methods The randomized controlled trials（RCTs）of semaglutide versus placebo or other drugs in the treatment of overweight and obese adults with non⁃type 2 diabetes were retrieved from six data⁃ bases including the Cochrane Library，Embase，PubMed，CNKI，Wanfang data knowledge service platform and China biomedical literature service system as of April 2022. Revman 5.4.1 was applied to meta⁃analysis of RCTs that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Six RCTs were finally included，and 4137 adult patients with non⁃ type 2 diabetes were overweight and obese. The results of meta ⁃analysis showed that the percentage of decrease in body mass in semaglutide group was higher than that in placebo group and liraglutide group［MD = -12.87，95% CI （-14.28，-11.46），P < 0.05；MD = -7.18，95%CI（-10.95，-3.41），P < 0.05］；the decrease of body mass in sema⁃ glutide group was greater than that in placebo group and liraglutide group［MD = -12.58，95%CI（-14.07，-11.09）， P < 0.05；MD = -7.23，95%CI（-9.99，-4.48），P < 0.05］；the proportion of patients with ≥ 5%，≥ 10% and ≥ 15% decrease in body mass in semaglutide group was higher than that in placebo group and liraglutide group［OR = 8.90，95%CI（6.08，13.04），P < 0.05；OR = 3.59，95%CI（2.26，5.69），P < 0.05］，［OR = 12.45，95% CI（8.91， 17.39），P < 0.05；OR = 5.02，95%CI（2.56，9.84），P < 0.05］，［OR = 14.36，95% CI（9.39，21.96），P < 0.05； RR = 3.71，95%CI（2.57，5.34），P < 0.05］. Conclusion Semaglutide has significant weight loss effect in the treat⁃ ment of overweight and obese adults with non⁃type 2 diabetes，and is superior to liraglutide.

Objective To investigate the self⁃perceived burden（SPB）of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC）undergoing proton and heavy ion radiotherapy，to identify the groups that are prone to the prob⁃ lem and provide coping strategies for improving the psychological health of patients. Methods From June 2020 to June 2021，NPC patients admitted to Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center were selected by convenient sam⁃ pling，and required to complete a self⁃designed general information questionnaire and the SPB scale. Results The mean score of SPB in the 120 patients with NPC was（19.72 ± 7.96），and nearly three⁃fifths of patients had mild SPB. Logistic regression analysis showed that male patients（OR = 3.177，P = 0.037），with poor affordability of medical expenses（OR = 6.657，P = 0.014），treated with radiotherapy combined with target therapy or immuno⁃ therapy（OR = 7.947，P = 0.038）were at risk of moderate to high levels of SPB. Conclusion Most NPC patients treated with proton and heavy ion radiotherapy had mild to moderate SPB. However，the high ⁃ risk groups of SPB should not be ignored. It is recommended to enhance their psychological resilience through intervention measures such as psychological counselling and health education，as well as increasing social support and improving medical security.

Objective To analyze the effects of Shoutai Pill on endometrial receptivity and the related factors in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）induced by kidney deficiency. Methods A total of 116 infertile patients with PCOS induced by kidney deficiency in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2022 were prospectively included in the study. According to the envelope extraction method，they were divided into control group（54 cases）and Shoutai Pill group（62 cases）. Patients in the control group were orally treated with letrozole，and those in the Shoutai Pill group with Shoutai Pill and letrozole. After bejing treated for three menstrual periods，ovulation rate，pregnancy rate，follicular development，endometrial receptivity，the level of related factors and the efficacy of the two groups were compared. Results （1）After treatment，the total number of cycles，the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate of the Shoutai Pill group were higher than those of the control group（P < 0.05）. （2）The follicle diameter，the number of mature follicles and the number of dominant follicles in the Shoutai Pill group were higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）.（3）The endometrial thickness（Em）of the Shoutai Pill group was greater than that of the control group（P < 0.05）；the uterine artery pulsatility index（PI）and uterine artery resista ⁃ nce index（RI）were lower than those of the control group（P < 0.05）.（4）Serum SHBG level of the Shoutai Pill group was higher than that in the control group（P < 0.05），while the serum levels of T，LH，FSH and the visfatin were lower than those of the control group（P < 0.05）.（4）The total effective rate of the Shoutai Pill group was higher than that of the control group（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Shoutai Pill can effectively improve endometrial receptivity，the level of related factors and follicular development，and increase vulation rate and pregnancy rate.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of peripheral blood microRNA（miRNA）⁃92a and miR ⁃342 in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with acute lung injury（ALI）. Method Sixty patients with ALI were divided into ALI survival group（n = 40）and ALI death group（n = 20）according to their survival status during follow⁃up，and 52 healthy subjects were selected as control group. The expression levels of miR⁃92a and miR⁃ 342 in the peripheral blood were analyzed by RT⁃PCR，and the clinical data of the patients were collected. Cox regression was used to analyze the risk factors of death in the ALI patients，and receiver operating characteristic （ROC）curves were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR ⁃ 92a and miR ⁃ 342 in ALI patients. Results Compared with the control group，the APACHEII score and LIPS score were higher and CRP in the peripheral blood was higher in the ALI survival group and ALI death group. The results of qRT⁃PCR analysis showed that the relative expression level of miR ⁃92a in the ALI survival group was higher than in the control group（P < 0.05）， and higher in the ALI death group than in the ALI survival group（P < 0.05. The relative expression level of miR⁃ 342 in the ALI survival group was lower than in the control group（P < 0.05），and the relative expression level of miR⁃342 in the ALI death group was significantly lower than in the ALI survival group（P < 0.05）. The results of Cox regression analysis showed that peripheral blood CRP，miR ⁃92a and miR ⁃342 levels were independent risk factors affecting the risk of ALI（P < 0.05）. ROC results showed that miR⁃92a had an area under the curve of 0.865， a sensitivity of 84.39%，a specificity of 73.29%，and a cutoff value of 2.16；miR⁃342 had an area under the curve of 0.839，a sensitivity of 82.19%，a specificity of 71.77%，and a cutoff value of 0.56. The MiR⁃92a and miR⁃342 combined diagnostic area under the curve was 0.895，with a sensitivity of 86.87%，and a specificity of 76.57%.Conclusion The levels of miR⁃92a and miR⁃342 in peripheral blood are related to acute lung injury，and the com⁃ bined detection of miR⁃92a and miR⁃342 can provide clinical evidence for the early prediction of acute lung injury. 

Objective To investigate the changes of serum micrornA⁃21（miR⁃21）and hypoxia⁃induced⁃ factor⁃1α（HIF⁃1α）levels before and after treatment in patients with herpes zoster and their evaluation value for postharcoma neuralgia. Methods From June 2019 to April 2022，183 patients with herpes zoster in our hospital were selected，of which 122 were chosen as training group to establish the model，and another 61 as validation group to verify the model. At the same time，61 healthy subjects were selected as control group. All patients with herpes zoster were treated with conventional regimens. Serum miR⁃21 and HIF⁃1α levels were detected in all the three groups. Related factors of posthumous neuralgia in the training group and the value of serum miR⁃21 and HIF⁃ 1α levels in the evaluation of postharcoma neuralgia was analyzed. Results The levels of serum miR⁃21 and HIF⁃ 1α in the training group before treatment and one week after treatment were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05），and the levels of serum miR⁃21 and HIF⁃1α in the training group after one week of treatment was lower than those in the same group before treatment（P < 0.05）. Serum miR⁃21 and HIF⁃1α levels were still independent influencing factors for postherpetic neuralgia in patients with herpes zoster（P < 0.05）. The AUC of the logistic regression model in the training group was 0.876. In the validation group，that was 0.869. Conclusion Serum miR⁃ 21 and HIF⁃1α express highly in patients with herpes zoster，and their levels significantly decrease after treatment. Elevated levels of miR⁃21 and HIF⁃1α are independent risk factors for postherpetic neuralgia in patients. The risk model constructed based on serum miR⁃21 and HIF⁃1α level has high evaluation efficiency. 

Objective To evaluate the expression levels of serum exosomes miR⁃15b，miR⁃16，miR⁃21 and miR⁃31 in patients with colorectal cancer，and the diagnostic value of single or combined panel for colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 123 patients with colorectal cancer and 117 patients with colorectal adenoma admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to May 2022 were selected as the research objects，and 150 healthy controls were included as the control group. Serum exosomes were extracted and identified，and miR⁃15b，miR⁃16，miR⁃21 and miR ⁃31 in serum exosomes were further extracted and measured by qRT ⁃ PCR. The expression levels of the four miRNAs in each group were compared. The receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic value of single and combined panel of four miRNAs for colorectal cancer. Results The serum levels of miR ⁃15b，miR ⁃16，miR ⁃21 and miR ⁃31 in colorectal cancer group were higher than those in healthy control group，and the levels of miR⁃15b，miR⁃21 and miR⁃31 were higher than those in colorectal adenoma group（P < 0.05）. The serum levels of miR⁃15b，miR⁃21 and miR⁃31 in stage Ⅲ⁃Ⅳ patients with lymph node invasion and low differentiation were higher than those in stage Ⅰ⁃Ⅱ patients without lymph node invasion and moderate to high differentiation，respectively. The levels of miR ⁃15b，miR ⁃21 and miR ⁃31 were positively correlated with clinical TNM stage and lymph node infiltration，and negatively correlated with the degree of differentiation. Among the four miRNAs，miR ⁃15b was the best index to distinguish rectal cancer from normal subjects，and the sensitivity and specificity were 81.33% and 91.80%，respectively（P < 0.05）. Besides，the combined panel of miR⁃15b，miR⁃21 and miR⁃31 can better distinguish between healthy control group and colorectal cancer. The sensitivity and specificity were 95.06% and 94.44%，respectively（P < 0.05）. Conclusion miR⁃15b，miR⁃16，miR⁃21 and miR⁃31 were abnormally expressed in the peripheral blood serum of patients with colorectal cancer，and the levels of miR⁃15b， miR⁃21 and miR⁃31 were closely related to the onset and progression of colorectal cancer. Moreover，the combined panel model of miR⁃15b，miR⁃21 and miR⁃31 has the potential as a new diagnostic model for colorectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of multiple parameters derived from Dual ⁃Layer Detector Spectral CT（DLSCT）in evaluating lymphatic metastasis（LM）in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. Methods The data of 78 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent plain and dual⁃phase contrast⁃ enhanced scans by DLSCT before surgery were analyzed. According to the pathological findings，a total of 108 lymph nodes were enrolled and assigned to lymphatic metastasis（LM）group（n = 52）and non⁃lymphatic metastasis （NLM）group（n = 56）. The short diameter（SD），effective atomic number（Eff⁃Z）from plain scan，iodine con⁃ centration（IC）from arterial phase（AP），and venous phase（VP）were measured independently by two radiologists. The border，shape and enhancement homogeneity of each lymph node were evaluated. The normalized iodine con⁃ centration（NIC）in AP and VP were calculated. The differences of SD，border，shape，enhancement homogeneity， Eff⁃Z，NICAP，and NICVP were compared between the two groups by two independent samples Mann⁃Whitney test or Chi ⁃ square test. The diagnostic efficiencies were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves（ROC）. Results There were statistical differences in SD，border，shape，enhancement homogeneity，NICAP，and NICVP between LM and NLM group（all P ≤ 0.001. However，there was no significant difference in Eff⁃Z between the two groups（P > 0.05）. The areas under the curve（AUC）of SD，border，shape，enhancement homogeneity，NICAP， and NICVP to assess LM were 0.810，0.648，0.630，0.637，0.806，and 0.722，respectively（all P ≤ 0.05. The combination of the SD，NICAP and NICVP had the highest AUC value of 0.911，sensitivity of 80.77%，and speci⁃ ficity of 85.71%. Conclusion The NIC derived from DLSCT could significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of LM of rectal adenocarcinoma. DLSCT parameters combined with SD are helpful to improve the diagnostic efficiency.

The major tool for liver function assessment and prognosis stratification for patients with hepato⁃ cellular carcinoma is Child⁃Pugh score. Nevertheless，the accuracy of the Child⁃Pugh score on this topic is limited by its disadvantages. With the aim to provide better clinical evidence and benefits，the review article summarized the ability of the albumin⁃bilirubin（ALBI）grade in evaluating the efficacy and predicting the prognosis of various treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）as well as the advantages and disadvantages of ALBI classification. In addition，ALBI grade⁃based prognostic models for HCC were also reviewed.

As a common neurological disease，epilepsy has the characteristics of recurrent seizures and unpredictability. Single and conventional monitoring means，such as EEG，have limited effect on the prediction or treatment guidance of epilepsy. Therefore，the combination of new means can further predict or guide its treatment. As an emerging technology，brain microdialysis technology can monitor changes such as chemical concentration in the brain，which can predict the seizures of epilepsy to a certain extent，and can study the mechanism behind its occurrence，which plays a certain guiding role in treatment. This paper reviews the current brain microdialysis tech⁃ nology，miniaturized sampling probe，optogenetics combined with brain microdialysis technology with improved time resolution，aiming to provide new ideas for the detection of cranial neurochemicals in seizures.

Acute lung injury（ALI）is a critical clinical syndrome，characterized by progressive respiratory failure and stubborn hypoxemia，which can develop into highly fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS）. Although the pathophysiology and treatment of ALI have been extensively studied，there is still a lack of effective therapies and prevention methods for ALI. Mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs）have been increasingly studied for the treatment of ALI because of their differentiation potential and low immunogenicity. The therapeutic effect of MSCs is partially exerted in a paracrine manner by releasing extracellular vesicles（EVs）. MSC⁃EVs contain a variety of mRNA，miRNA，cytokines，proteins and other substances，which can promote the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. This article reviewed the biological characteristics of MSC⁃EVs，mechanism of action in treating ALI and latest progress in clinical trials，with the aspiration that MSC⁃EVs will become a new treatment strategy for ALI in the future.