Abstract:

The discovery in intestinal microflora changes during treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）by dietary therapy，exercise therapy，traditional hypoglycemic drugs and bariatric surgery has arousedthe interest of medical world in the association between intestinal flora and T2DM. Meanwhile，the intestinal florahas also been proved to be closely related to the occurrence and development of T2DM. T2DM is treated by improv⁃ing its insulin resistance，in mechanism，mainly through regulating intestinal microflora，increasing the composi⁃tion of intestinal short ⁃chain fatty acid ⁃producing bacteria，reducing intestinal endotoxin and enhancing intestinalbarrier function by affecting bile acid metabolism and then reducing systemic inflammatory response. On this basis，the role of probiotics，prebiotics and fecal bacteria transplantation in the treatment of T2DM has been proposed andconfirmed. Although intestinal flora is considered as a new therapeutic target for T2DM in the future，the applica⁃tion of these new therapeutic approaches to intestinal flora has certain limitations in clinical application. The com⁃plexity of intestinal flora，evidence⁃based medicine of new therapeutic approaches and lack of clinical big data allrequire further exploration and research in the future.

Key words:

type 2 diabetes, gut microbiota, mechanism, clinical applications