Abstract:

Kidney stone is one of the most common diseases in urology and it is reported with high incidence and recurrence rates，which results in heavy healthy and economic burden to individuals and societies. Mechanism underlying the stone formation has not been fully understood，so the current prevention from kidney stone disease is not satisfactory. microRNA is a kind of endogenous non coding single stranded RNA with a length of approximately 22 nucleotides. It can regulate the post transcriptional translation of various genes via promoting the degradation or inhibiting the translation of target mRNAs. MicroRNAs have been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases. In recent years，more and more studies report that microRNAs play an important role in the kidney stone formation，which may provide some new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for nephrolithiasis. This study concluded the role of microRNAs in kidney stone disease by reviewing the relevant literature on the disease，which aimed to improve the cognition about diagnostic and therapeutic value of kidney stone related⁃microRNAs.

Key words:

kidney stone, calcium oxalate, microRNA, mechanism, biomarkers, therapeutic target