动态监测血清脑钠肽、尿肾损伤分子-1、血清胱抑素C水平对小儿心脏术后急性肾损伤的评估价值

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.13.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the evaluation value of dynamic monitoring of changes in serum brain natriuretic peptide （BNP）， urinary kidney injury molecule-1 （KIM-1）， and serum cystatin C （CysC） levels in acute kidney injury （AKI） after pediatric heart surgery. Methods 138 children who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass for congenital heart disease correction in our hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected. The incidence of postoperative AKI in children was counted and they were divided into the AKI group and the non-AKI group accordingly. The changing levels of serum BNP， KIM-1， and CysC in the two groups of children were dynamically monitored and compared. The receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC） was used to evaluate the occurrence and severity of AKI after pediatric heart surgery. Results Among the 138 children， 81 did not develop AKI and 57 developed AKI， with an incidence rate of 41.30%. In the AKI group， there were a mild group （n = 20） and a moderate-severe group （n = 37）. Regarding the AKI group and the non-AKI group： there were differences in the levels of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC at 6 h， 12 h， 24 h， and 48 h after surgery （P < 0.05）. The levels of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC in the AKI group were higher than those in the non-AKI group （P < 0.05）， and there were differences in the changing trends of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC levels between the two groups （P < 0.05）. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that BNP， KIM-1 and CysC were all factors influencing the occurrence of AKI after pediatric cardiac surgery （P < 0.05）. The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the three combined to predict the occurrence of AKI after pediatric heart surgery was 0.893， which was significantly higher than 0.723， 0.812， and 0.761 of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC respectively. Regarding the mild group and the moderate-severe group： there were differences in the levels of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC at 6 h， 12 h， 24 h， and 48 h after surgery （P < 0.05）. The levels of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC in the mild group were lower than those in the moderate-severe group （P < 0.05）， and there were differences in the changing trends of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC levels between the two groups （P < 0.05）. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that BNP， KIM-1 and CysC were all factors influencing the severity of AKI after pediatric cardiac surgery （P < 0.05）. The ROC curve showed that the AUC of the three combined to evaluate the severity of AKI was 0.908， which was significantly higher than 0.780， 0.762， and 0.720 of BNP， KIM-1， and CysC respectively. Conclusion Dynamic monitoring of changes in serum BNP， KIM-1， and CysC levels has a high evaluation value for the occurrence and severity of AKI after pediatric heart surgery， and the combined detection has a higher evaluation value.

Key words: brain natriuretic peptide, urinary kidney injury molecule-1, serum cystatin c, congenital heart disease, acute kidney injury

CLC Number:

R726

Cheng WU,Hongyi JIN,Xiaomei ZHONG. Dynamic monitoring of serum brain natriuretic peptide， urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and serum cystatin C levels in the evaluation of acute kidney injury in children after cardiac surgery[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2025, 41(13): 1964-1970.

Figures/Tables 10

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References 25

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项目	AKI组（n = 57）	非AKI组（n = 81）	t/χ²值	P值
性别/例			0.180	0.671
男	31	47
女	26	34
年龄/岁	5.12 ± 0.87	4.83 ± 1.00	1.768	0.079
体质量指数/（kg/m²）	16.11 ± 0.54	16.20 ± 0.66	0.849	0.398
心功能分级/［例（%）］			0.921	0.337
Ⅰ级	37	46
Ⅱ级	20	35
手术方式/［例（%）］			3.204	0.073
姑息	4	1
根治	53	80
手术时间/min	200.55 ± 14.64	196.29 ± 15.69	1.614	0.109
体外循环时间/min	118.68 ± 32.14	111.26 ± 27.19	1.463	0.146
术中尿量/［mL/（kg·h）］	6.89 ± 2.86	7.17 ± 2.60	0.598	0.551

项目	轻度组（n = 20）	中重度组（n = 37）	t/χ²值	P值
性别/例			0.391	0.531
男	12	19
女	8	18
年龄/岁	5.20 ± 0.96	5.08 ± 0.80	0.504	0.617
体质量指数/（kg/m²）	16.05 ± 1.45	16.14 ± 1.66	0.204	0.839
心功能分级/［例（%）］			0.350	0.554
Ⅰ级	14	23
Ⅱ级	6	14
手术方式/［例（%）］			0.192	0.661
姑息	1	3
根治	19	34
手术时间/min	195.88 ± 21.29	203.07 ± 17.54	1.369	0.177
体外循环时间/min	121.98 ± 22.87	116.90 ± 20.13	0.867	0.390
术中尿量/［mL/（kg·h）］	7.00 ± 1.36	6.83 ± 1.55	0.412	0.682

组别	时间	BNP/（pg/mL）	KIM-1/（μmol/L）	CysC/（mg/L）
AKI组（n = 57）	6 h	412.64 ± 25.90	460.87 ± 51.25	1.50 ± 0.32
	12 h	464.08 ± 41.13	626.52 ± 60.11	1.86 ± 0.55
	24 h	537.04 ± 51.26	585.67 ± 53.53	2.18 ± 0.63
	48 h	488.08 ± 53.09	578.13 ± 59.93	1.85 ± 0.58
非AKI组（n = 81）	6 h	368.46 ± 28.98	343.89 ± 45.29	0.93 ± 0.28
	12 h	423.76 ± 36.27	398.75 ± 54.14	1.13 ± 0.36
	24 h	512.56 ± 42.59	548.74 ± 62.20	1.53 ± 0.44
	48 h	446.39 ± 38.43	511.97 ± 40.54	1.32 ± 0.42
F组间/P组间		18.655/0.000	16.657/0.000	12.549/0.000
F时间/P时间		22.097/0.000	20.989/0.000	15.632/0.000
F交互/P交互		14.676/0.000	18.534/0.000	11.163/0.000

变量	β	SE	Wald χ²值	P值	OR	95%CI
BNP	0.932	0.403	5.348	0.021	2.540	1.153 ~ 5.595
KIM-1	1.112	0.398	7.806	0.005	3.040	1.394 ~ 6.633
CysC	0.823	0.280	8.639	0.003	2.277	1.315 ~ 3.942

指标	截点值	AUC	敏感度/%	特异度/%	95%CI	P值^*
BNP	469.59 pg/mL	0.723	63.16	80.25	0.641 ~ 0.796	0.000
KIM-1	548.16 μmol/L	0.812	71.93	82.72	0.737 ~ 0.873	0.010
CysC	1.76 mg/L	0.761	63.16	85.19	0.681 ~ 0.830	0.000
三项联合	-	0.893	87.72	79.01	0.830 ~ 0.940	-

Dynamic monitoring of serum brain natriuretic peptide， urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and serum cystatin C levels in the evaluation of acute kidney injury in children after cardiac surgery

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组别	时间	BNP/（pg/mL）	KIM-1/（μmol/L）	CysC/（mg/L）
轻度组（n = 20）	6 h	388.87 ± 28.64	443.13 ± 39.45	1.38 ± 0.40
	12 h	431.45 ± 32.63	597.05 ± 43.97	1.64 ± 0.43
	24 h	509.75 ± 39.19	548.88 ± 48.12	2.00 ± 0.53
	48 h	454.50 ± 37.25	542.70 ± 45.17	1.54 ± 0.48
中重度组（n = 37）	6 h	425.49 ± 40.11	470.46 ± 43.12	1.56 ± 0.36
	12 h	481.72 ± 43.19	642.45 ± 60.12	1.98 ± 0.43
	24 h	551.79 ± 47.10	605.56 ± 56.33	2.28 ± 0.66
	48 h	506.24 ± 51.51	597.27 ± 58.18	2.02 ± 0.56
F组间/P组间		15.765/0.000	21.520/0.000	30.642/0.000
F时间/P时间		23.144/0.000	18.587/0.000	32.532/0.000
F交互/P交互		18.457/0.000	25.879/0.000	23.080/0.000

变量	β	SE	Wald χ²值	P值	OR	95%CI
BNP	1.008	0.342	8.687	0.003	2.740	1.402 ~ 5.357
KIM-1	0.794	0.243	10.676	0.001	2.212	1.374 ~ 3.562
CysC	0.989	0.417	5.625	0.018	2.689	1.187 ~ 6.088

指标	截点值	AUC	敏感度/%	特异度/%	95%CI	P值
BNP	439.06 pg/mL	0.780	89.19	60.00	0.650 ~ 0.879	0.022
KIM-1	568.69 μmol/L	0.762	72.97	75.00	0.631 ~ 0.865	0.021
CysC	1.42 mg/L	0.720	86.49	55.00	0.585 ~ 0.831	0.004
三项联合	-	0.908	67.57	100.00	0.802 ~ 0.968	-

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