实用医学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 268-271.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006⁃5725.2021.02.027

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗致细胞因子释放综合征与神经毒性的现状及展望

石亚群,俞妍慧
  

  1. 1 长治医学院研究生院(山西长治 046000);2 长治医学院附属和平医院血液科(山西长治 046000)
  • 出版日期:2021-01-25 发布日期:2021-01-25
  • 基金资助:
    山西省教育厅科技创新项目(编号:2019L686)

Current status and prospects of CAR⁃T cell therapy for cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity

SHI Yaqun,YU Yanhui
  

  1. Graduate School of Changzhi Medical College,Changzhi 046000,China
  • Online:2021-01-25 Published:2021-01-25

摘要:

嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞(chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cell,CAR⁃T)是一种将特定肿瘤 抗原的识别能力与 T 细胞的强大抗肿瘤效应相结合的工程化分子。目前是肿瘤治疗的重要手段之一,尤 其是在 B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病、B 细胞淋巴瘤和多发性骨髓瘤患者的早期临床试验中已显示出良好 的靶向性、杀伤性、增殖性和持久性。但与之相关的不良反应限制了其在临床的广泛应用,其中细胞因子 释放综合征(cytokine release syndrome,CRS)和免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征(immune effector cell⁃as⁃ sociated neurotoxicity syndrome,ICANS)是最严重的不良反应,了解这些不良反应的分级及管理有助于指导 和改善预后。本综述讨论了 CAR⁃T 细胞治疗所导致的细胞因子释放综合征和免疫效应细胞相关神经毒 性综合征的病理生理学机制、分级及管理,以及针对这些不良反应的优化策略,旨在为减少不良反应、提 CAR⁃T 治疗成功率提供新思路。

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Abstract:

Chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cell(CAR⁃T)is an engineered molecule that combines the recognition ability of specific tumor antigens with the powerful anti⁃tumor effect of T cells. It is currently one of the important methods of tumor treatment,especially in early clinical trials of patients with B⁃cell acute lymphoblas⁃ tic leukemia,B⁃cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma,which has shown good targeting,killing,proliferation and Persistence. However,the related adverse reactions limit its wide clinical application. Among them,cytokine re⁃ lease syndrome(CRS)and immune effector cell⁃associated neurotoxicity syndrome(ICANS)are the most serious adverse reactions,understanding the classification and management of these adverse reactions can help guide and improve the prognosis. Therefore,in this review,the pathophysiological mechanism,classification and manage⁃ ment of cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell ⁃associated neurotoxicity syndrome caused by CAR ⁃T cell therapy are discussed,as well as optimization strategies for these adverse reactions. It aims to provide new 

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