Cervical radiculopathy（CR）has high incidence rate and recurrence rate. Clinically，the dis⁃ ease is managed prevailingly with the therapy of traction，but the mechanism of traction therapy for CR is not fully uncovered. This study summarizes the CR mechanism of traction therapy and discusses the optimal setting of the clinical application parameters of traction technique so as to completely investigate the principle of action and pro⁃ vide a reference for clinicians to use traction techniques in the treatment of CR.

Chimeric antigen receptor（CAR）T cell therapy faces many challenges in the treatment of solid tumors due to the immunosuppressive microenvironment and the heterogeneity of antigen expression. With the devel⁃ opment of molecular biology，molecule⁃targeted drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity have become a research hotspot in therapies for tumors. CAR⁃T cell combined molecule⁃targeted therapies shows an inspiring prospect. This paper reviews the current status and research progress of CAR⁃T cell combined molecule⁃targeted drugs for solid tu⁃ mors，discusses the key basic principles，potential roles，future prospects and challenges of CAR⁃T cells com⁃ bined with those drugs with different mechanisms targeting cytoplasm，nucleus，or extracellular environment in the treatment of solid tumors. It aims at exploring the benefit of this combination therapy for more cancer patients and provides support for subsequent clinical research.

Objective To observe the effect of alpinetin（ALP）on lipopolysaccharide（LPS）⁃induced rat cardiomyocytes（H9C2），and to explore its mechanism. Methods After intervening H9C2 cells with different factors，cytotoxicity detection kit（CCK⁃8）was used to detect cell activity；real⁃time fluorescence PCR（RT⁃PCR） was used to detect gene expression；Western blot was used to detect the expression of protein；microplate reader and immunofluorescence microscope were used to detect the expression of reactive oxygen species（ROS）in cells； the kits were used to detected the intracellular lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）activity，malondialdehyde（MDA） content and superoxide dismutase（SOD）vitality. Results （1）Cell viability：the cell viability in the LPS group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P < 0.01），and the addition of ALP could significantly increase the cell viability（P < 0.01），and the LDH activity was significantly higher than that of the control group （P < 0.01）；（2）oxidative stress molecules and gene expression：compared with the control group，the expression level of ROS in the cardiomyocytes of the LPS group was significantly up⁃regulated，and the intracellular MDA content was significantly increased，the SOD vitality decreased significantly，and the expression levels of antioxidant factor genes were significantly inhibited（all P < 0.01）. After adding ALP，the expression level of ROS and the content of MDA in cells could be significantly inhibited，and the vitality of SOD in cells could be increased，antiox⁃ idant factor genes expression levels are up⁃regulated（all P < 0.01）；（3）signal pathway：the protein expression level of Keap1 in the LPS group was higher than that in the control group，and the protein expression level of Nrf2 was lower than that in the control group（all P < 0.01）. After adding ALP（10 mg/L）The expression levels of the above two proteins can be reversed（P < 0.01）；（4）mechanism confirmation：compared with the LPS group，ALP （10 mg/L）can inhibit the expression of ROS（P < 0.01）. After adding siNrf2，the protective effect of ALP wassignificantly reversed，the level of ROS was significantly increased（P < 0.01），and the expression level of antioxi⁃ dant factor genes was also confirmed. Conclusion Alpinetin can target the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway to improve LPS⁃induced H9C2 oxidative stress response.

Objective To explore the improvement in cognitive function after cerebral infarction based on the 2 ⁃（2 ⁃ chlorophenyl）quinazolin ⁃ 4 ⁃ yl dimethylcarbamate（2 ⁃ Cl ⁃ MGV ⁃ 1）/brain ⁃ derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）⁃ tropomyosin receptor kinase B（TrkB）pathway. Methods Adult Sprague⁃Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group，middle cerebral artery embolism（MCAO）group，and 2⁃Cl ⁃MGV ⁃1 group，20 in each group. Except the control group，other groups established MCAO models. 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group was treated with 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 for 7 days after the model was established. The cerebral infarction area，spatial learning and memory impairment，mitochondrial damage and BDNF/TrkB signal pathway were assessed in each group. In vitro PC12 neuron cell lines were divided into the following three groups：control group（Con），oxygen and glucose deprivation/ reperfusion model（OGD/R）group，and 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group. Except Con group，other groups established OGD/R models，and 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group was treated with 25 μmol/L 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 for 24 hours. Cell viability was evaluated by CCK⁃8. Results As compared with MCAO group，the infarct area in 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group decreased significantly （P < 0.05），and the number of Nissl bodies increased significantly（P < 0.05）. As compared with the control group，the escape latency was significantly increased in MCAO group（P < 0.001），while it was significantly shorter in 2⁃Cl ⁃MGV ⁃1 group than in MCAO group（P < 0.01）. On day 7，the number of crossing the platform in MCAO group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P < 0.001），while the number of crossing the platform in 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group was significantly higher than that in MCAO group（P < 0.05）. As compared with the control group，cortical mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production decreased significantly in MCAO group （P < 0.01），while increased markedly in 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group（P < 0.05）. As compared with the control group，lev⁃ els of BDNF and TrkB protein in cerebral cortex neurons in MCAO group were significantly increased（P < 0.05）， and levels of BDNF and TrkB protein in 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group were significantly higher than those in MCAO group （P < 0.05）. As compared with Con group，cell viability and ATP production decreased significantly in OGD/R group（P < 0.05），while increased significantly in 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group（P < 0.05）. As compared with Con group， levels of BDNF and TrkB protein in OGD/R group increased significantly（P < 0.05），and levels of BDNF and TrkB protein in 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 group were significantly higher than those in MCAO group（P < 0.05）. Conclusions 2⁃Cl⁃MGV⁃1 can protect mitochondria from MCAO⁃induced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and improve cogni⁃ tive function in rats. It may play a neuroprotective role by regulating BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the influence of Atractylidene Ⅲ（Atr⁃Ⅲ）on liver injury in septic rats and its regulation on AMP⁃activated protein kinase（AMPK）/ sirtuin 1（SIRT1）/nuclear factor kappa⁃B（NF⁃κB） signaling pathway. Methods Eighty SPF SD male rats were randomly grouped into sham operation group，model group，positive group，low⁃dose，high⁃dose Atr⁃Ⅲ group，and high⁃dose Atr⁃Ⅲ+AMPK inhibitor group. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase（AST）and alanine aminotransferase（ALT）were detected in the serum of rats；HE staining was applied to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue；TUNEL staining was applied to detect hepa⁃ tocyte apoptosis；ELISA was applied to detect the levels of serum interleukin 1β（IL⁃1β），interleukin 6（IL⁃6）， tumor necrosis factor α（TNF⁃α）；the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and catalase（CAT）liver tissue were detected；Western blot was used to detect the expression of related proteins. Results Compared with sham operation group，hepatocyte injury was severe in model group，the levels of AST，ALT，IL⁃1β，IL⁃6，TNF⁃α，the rate of apoptosis，and the ratio of p⁃p65 NF⁃κB/p65 NF⁃κB were all increased（P < 0.05），the levels of SOD， CAT，the ratio of p⁃AMPK/AMPK，and the protein expression of SIRT1 were all decreased（P < 0.05）. Compared with model group，the morphology of rat hepatocytes in positive group and Atr⁃Ⅲ low⁃dose and high⁃dose groups recovered，the levels of AST，ALT，IL⁃1β，IL⁃6，TNF⁃α，the rate of apoptosis，and phosphorylation of p65 NF⁃ κB were all increased（P < 0.05），the levels of SOD，CAT，phosphorylation of AMPK，and the protein expression of SIRT1 were all decreased（P < 0.05）. The AMPK inhibitor BML⁃275 abrogated the attenuating effect of high⁃ dose ATL⁃Ⅲ on liver injury in septic rats. Conclusion Atr⁃Ⅲ can activate the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway and inhibit the activation of p65 NF⁃κB，thereby reducing liver injury in septic rats. 

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety difference between soft channel hemato⁃ ma puncture drainage（SCPD）and neural endoscopic intracranial hematoma evacuation（NEIHE）in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods We collected the patients who received SCPD and NEIHE in the neurological intensive care unit of General Hospital Of Ningxia Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021. A total of 110 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were treated with two different groups （53 cases in the SCPD group and 57 cases in the NEIHE group）. The operative time，intraoperative blood loss， 72h hematoma clearance rate，postoperative complications and functional recovery，length of hospital stay，cost and other related indicators were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with NEIHE group，SCPD group had shorter operation time（1.13 ± 0.41）vs.（1.78 ± 0.31）h，less intraoperative blood loss（10.83 ± 3.95）vs. （70.62 ± 43.12）mL，and lower cost（66 135.01 ± 33 178.64）vs.（95 834.93 ± 42 784.48）YUAN. However，the 72 ⁃ hour hematoma clearance rate of NEIHE group（86.87 ± 16.31）% was higher than that of SCPD group（74.4 ± 13.78）%，and there were statistical differences（P < 0.05）；There were no significant differences in postoperative complications，functional recovery and total hospital stay between the two groups（P > 0.05）. Conclusion SCPD and NEIHE can effectively remove intracranial hematoma ，improve nerve function，but SCPD group of shorter operation time，less intraoperative blood loss，and simple operation，suitable for intolerance to patients with general anesthesia surgery，whereas NEIHE hematoma removal more thoroughly. The two groups have no obvious differences in improving the prognosis of function and the overall length of hospital stay.

Objective To explore the relationship between P1⁃HNF4α，CDX2 and the different clinical and pathological data of chronic gastritis. Methods 294 chronic gastritis samples were stained with CDX2 and P1⁃ HNF4α and analyzed with different clinical and pathological data of chronic gastritis. Results In the intestinal metaplasia group，the total positive rate and expression intensity of CDX2 and P1⁃HNF4α were higher than those in the nonintestinal metaplasia group（all P < 0.001）. In the non⁃intestinal metaplasia group，the expression intensity of P1⁃HNF4α expression and the severity of chronic gastritis were positively correlated（rs = 0.366，P < 0.001）. 141 cases of Carbon⁃14 urea breath test showed that the positive rate of HP infection in men was significantly higher than that in women（P = 0.02）. In the non⁃intestinal metaplasia group，the expression intensity of CDX2 was higher in the H. pylori positive group than in the H. pylori negative group（P = 0.017）. In different degrees of chronic gastritis，the expression intensity between CDX2 and P1⁃HNF4α showed a positive correlation（all rs > 0.5，all P < 0.001）. By age group，the total positive rate of CDX2 was higher in ≥ 40 years old group（P = 0.026）. By sex group，CDX2 expression intensity was higher in male than in female group（P = 0.023）. By site group，the total positive rate of CDX2 and P1⁃HNF4α was highest in the pylorus and gastric corner，while the other sites（cardia + gastric base + gastric body）were relatively lower（both P < 0.001）. In addition，the expression intensity of CDX2and P1⁃HNF4α was higher in the pyloric and gastric corners than in the other sites（both P < 0.05）. Conclusion In some clinicopathological features of chronic gastritis，the expression of P1⁃HNF4 α and CDX2 have the same commonness，and there is a positive correlation between P1⁃HNF4 α and CDX2. It is speculated that they may both play an important role in the development of chronic gastritis.

Objective To investigate the effect of intra ⁃aortic balloon pump treatment on infection after heart transplantation during perioperative period. Methods Clinical data of 112 patients undergoing heart trans⁃ plantation in the 7th People′s Hospital of Zhengzhoufrom May 2018 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether intra⁃aortic balloon Pump（IABP）treatment as a bridge to heart transplantation，all patients were divided into IABP group（n = 43）and non⁃IABP group（n = 69）. Clinical data were statistically compared between the two groups，and the infection indexes and the incidence of infection in the two groups were analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in general data such as donor age，recipient age，recipient basic diseases，previous diseases，primary diseases，hematological examination and intraoperative data between the two groups（P > 0.05），but the proportion of vasoactive drugs to maintain circulation，ECMO and endotracheal intuba⁃ tion in IABP group was significantly higher than that in non⁃IABP group（P < 0.05），and procalcitonin in IABP group was higher than that in non⁃IABP group. The lymphocyte count was lower than that in IABP group（P < 0.05）， and the leukocyte and neutrophil counts in IABP group were higher than those in non⁃IABP group. There was no significant difference in postoperative total infection incidence and the infection incidence of different systems between the two groups（P > 0.05）. Conclusion IABP treatment as a bridge to heart transplantation does not increase the incidence of early postoperative infections and long⁃term survival. 

Objective To investigate the association of matrix metalloproteinase⁃9（MMP⁃9） with matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor（TIMP ⁃1）expression in serum of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD），and its predictive value for pulmonary vascular remodeling（PVR）. Methods A total of 1，091 patients with COPD who were hospitalized from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as research objects. Accord⁃ ing to clinical diagnosis，the patients were divided into acute exacerbation group and stable stage group. Serum expression levels of MMP⁃9 and TIMP⁃1 in COPD patients were compared，and correlation analysis was conducted on statistical results. Moreover，the specificity of serum MMP⁃9 and TIMP⁃1 expression in The specificity of pulmo⁃ nary vascular remodeling prediction was compared. Results The relative expression levels of MMP⁃9 and TIMP⁃1 in patients with acute exacerbation were significantly higher than those in stable COPD group（P < 0.01）. By Pearson correlation analysis，the expression of MMP⁃9 and TIMP⁃1 in serum of COPD patients showed a significant positive correlation.Serum levels of MMP⁃9 and TIMP⁃1 in patients with pulmonary vascular remodeling were higher in the acute exacerbation stage than in the stable stage group.Analysis of the efficacy of MMP⁃9 and TIMP⁃1 in predicting pulmonary vascular remodeling showed that the specificity of COPD patients at acute exacerbation stage was compared with that at stable stage（P < 0.01），and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The expression of MMP⁃9 and TIMP⁃1 in serum of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be used asserological biomarkers for COPD assessment and prediction of pulmonary vascular remodeling （PVR），which has important clinical significance.

Objective To analyze the relationship between rs830083CG mutation of damage specific DNA binding protein 2（DDB2）single nucleotide polymorphism locus and lung cancer susceptibility of non ⁃ smokers. Methods One hundred and fifty⁃eight patients with non⁃smoking lung cancer admitted to a hospital in Nanyang City from March 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the study group，and another 100 healthy people in the same period were selected as the control group. The single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）of DDB2 gene rs830083 poly⁃ morphism from both groups was detected，and the relationship between DDB2 gene polymorphism and the suscepti⁃ bility of non⁃smoking people to lung cancer was analyzed by unconditional logistic regression model. The interaction between environmental exposure factors and the rs830083 polymorphism of DDB2 gene was evaluated. Results The genotype frequencies of CC，CG and GG at rs830083 of DDB2 gene in the study group and control group were 36.08%，52.53%，11.39% and 53.00%，39.00% and 8.00%，respectively. The frequencies of C and G alleles were 62.34% ，37.66% and 75.50% ，27.50% respectively，with significant differences between the two groups （P < 0.05）. The genotype distribution of rs830083 of DDB2 gene was statistically significantly different between the two groups in dominant mode（P < 0.05），but not in recessive mode（P > 0.05）. Compared with the CC geno⁃ type，the CG+GG genotype was associated with the lung cancer susceptibility of non⁃smokers. Passive smoking ex⁃ posure increased the risk of lung cancer（adjusted OR = 2.411，95%CI：1.149⁃5.061，P < 0.05）. Compared with non⁃exposed individuals with CC genotype at rs830083，the risk of lung cancer in the exposed individuals with CG+ GG genotype was increased by 4.444 times（95%CI：1.212⁃16.294，P<0.05）. There was an interaction effect be⁃ tween passive smoking exposure and DDB2 gene rs830083 locus polymorphism（P<0.05）. Conclusion The rs830083CG mutation of DDB2 single nucleotide polymorphism locus is related to the susceptibility of lung cancer in non⁃smokers. Non⁃smokers carrying the G allele may have a higher risk of lung cancer，for the gene has an inter⁃ action effect with passive smoking exposure.

Objective To investigate the different efficacy of endoscopic esophageal variceal ligation combined with laparoscopic splenectomy and pericardial devascularization versus modified Sugiura operation and Hassab′s operation for esophageal and gastric variceal hemorrhage in liver cirrhosis. Methods In this study，we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 78 liver cirrhosic patients with esophageal gastric variceal hemorrhage who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria，23 cases in the EVL + LSD group，30 cases in the modified Sugiura group，and 25 cases in the Hassab′s group. We compared the differences among the three groups in terms of opera⁃ tion time，intraoperative blood loss，hospitalization time，hospitalization cost，rate of complications，incidence of portal vein thrombosis on the seventh day after surgery，recovery of liver function on the first，third and seventh days after surgery，and recurrence rate of varicose veins at 1 and 2 years after surgery. Statistical analysis was per⁃ formed using SPSS 26.0：Levene′s test of homogeneity of variance was performed，with the measurement variables of homogeneity of variance expressed as the mean ± standard deviation（SD）and compared with one⁃way analysis of variance（ANOVA），and then pairwise comparison was performed using Scheffe method；For the measurement variables not meeting the homogeneity of variance，the median（interquartile range）was computed and median test was performed. Categorical variables were compared with the Kruskal⁃Wallis⁃H test and Mann⁃Whitney U method for pairwise comparison. Ordinal variables were compared with Jonckheere⁃Terpstra test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and the incidence of portal vein thrombosis on the seventh day after surgery among the three groups（P > 0.05）. The EVL + LSD group had faster post⁃operative recovery of liver function，earlier resumption of anal venting，shorter hospitalization time，fewer post⁃operative incision infections，and lower recurrence rate of varicose veins at 1 and 2 years after sur⁃ gery，but longer operation time and higher hospitalization cost than the other groups，with significant differences statistically（P < 0.05）. Conclusions Endoscopic variceal ligation combined with laparoscopic splenectomy for peripancreatic vascular dissection has the advantages of less trauma，faster recovery of liver and gastrointestinal functions，shorter hospitalization time，and lower recurrence rate of varices 1 and 2 years after surgery than the modified Sugiura operation and Hassab′s operation，and moreover the incidence of postoperative complications and portal vein thrombosis on the seventh day after surgery is not increased，so it is suitable for promotion and applica⁃ tion in hospitals eligible with technical provisions.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of coagulation function in gestational thrombo⁃ cytopenia（GT）patients. Methods A total of 55 GT patients who had registered in our hospital from October 2019 to June 2022 and had regular obstetric check⁃ups were enrolled into observation group，and 60 normal preg⁃ nant woman were selected as the control group. The level of PT，APTT，TT，FIB and DD were detected by automatic coagulation analyzer. PLT，PCT，MPV and PDW were measured by automatic blood cell analyzer. T test was used to compare the differences of coagulation function between GT patients and normal pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy，and the dynamic changes of coagulation function before and after delivery in GT patients. Results Prenatal PLT and PCT were lower，while MPV and PDW higher in the observation group than those in the control group，showing statistical significance（t = -18.184，-17.277，3.083，and 3.671 respectively，P < 0.05）. Prenatal PT in the observation group was significantly shorter；FIB significantly lower，while DD significantly higher than those in the control group and the differences were statistically significant（t = -3.560，-3.331 and 3.412 respectively，P < 0.05）. There was no significantdifference between prenatal APTT and TT in the two groups （P > 0.05）. After delivery，PLT in GT patients were significantly elevated，indicating statistical significance（P < 0.05）；there was no significant differenceinMPV，PDWand PCT in GT patients before and after delivery（P > 0.05）. PT and APTT in GT patients after delivery were prolonged，while DD increased and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）；there was no significant difference in TT and FIB in GT patients before and after delivery（P > 0.05）. Conclusion Prolonged PT and APTT，and elevated DD and PLT in postpartum GT patients suggest that postpartum hemorrhage and venous thromboembolism（VTE）are still possiblein GTpatients. Therefore，dynamic evaluation of coagulation function in GT patients provides reference for the effective prevention of postpartum hemorrhage and VTE.

Objective To assess the efficiency of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy（LSG）on weight loss and quality of life（QOL）in obese patients. Methods The clinical data and post⁃operative 6⁃ and 12⁃month follow⁃ up materials of 91 obese patients who underwent LSG in our hospital were collected retrospectively. The SF ⁃ 36 questionnaire including physical and psychological aspects of life were used to determine post ⁃operative improve⁃ ment of QOL. One ⁃way ANOVA was applied to compare the differences between groups and Tukey′s method was used for multiple comparison test. Results Body weight，abdominal，waist，and hip circumference and body mass index（BMI）were all decreased after operation. Body weight 12 months after operation and BMI 6 and 12 months after operation were significantly decreased while the percent of excess weight loss（%EWL）was（63.06± 22.99）% and（77.66±23.63）% respectively 6，and 12 months after operation. The score of physical functioning， role physical，bodily pain，general health，vitality，and social functioning was markedly elevated 6，and 12 months after operation. The total physical and psychological condition were improved after LSG. Conclusion Ex⁃ cellent short⁃term weight loss and improved QOL are observed after LSG in obese patients.

Objective To investigate the association between ABCG2 rs2231142，SLC2A9 rs3733591， hyperuricemia（HUA）and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods HUA patients and healthy people were admitted to two hospitals. All patients were selected to detect various index indexes，extract DNA and detect genotypes. Results The levels of BMI，sCr，TG and LDL in HUA group were higher than those in normal group（P < 0.05）. The frequency of ABCG2 alleles was higher in the HUA group than in the control group；UA was strongly associated with these two SNPs（P < 0.05）；however，ABCG2 rs 2231142 was also associated with cardiovascular risk factors （P < 0.05），and there were gender differences. Conclusion ABCG2 rs2231142 and SLC2A9rs 3733591 single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to hyperuricemia，and cardiovascular risk factors have a combined effect on sUA levels.

Objective To investigate the effect of transumbilical single port laparoscopy varicocelectomy with precise five ⁃ step procedure for testicular artery preservation in the treatment of varicocele. Methods The clinical data of 36 varicocele patients treated with transumbilical single port laparoscopy varicocelectomy with pre⁃ cise five ⁃ step procedure for testicular artery preservation between January 2019 and June 2020 in Department of Urology，the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command were retrospectively analyzed to investigate operation time，preoperative and postoperative semen quality and symptoms of scrotal pain，and postoperative complications. Result All the surgical operations for the 36 patients were completed successfully. The unilateral operation time was（33.21 ± 4.34）min and the bilateral operation time was（57.57 ± 5.83）min. The incisions in all the patients were primarily healed. The postoperative hospitalization time was 2 ~ 4 days. Compared with the preoperative data， the total number of sperm［（37.89±4.81）×106 vs.（48.03±4.63）×106 ］，sperm concentration［（13.22±1.64）×106 / ml vs.（17.06±2.64）×106 /mL］，（PR + NP）total sperm motility［（38.44±5.86）% vs.（50.50±6.38）%］，and PR forward motile sperm rate［（30.64±4.20）% vs.（39.83±6.24）%］were significantly increased. There was no testic⁃ ular atrophy，epididymitis，scrotal edema，testicular hydrocele and recurrence of varicocele at 6 months after oper⁃ ation. Conclusion Transumbilical single port laparoscopy varicocelectomy with precise five⁃step procedure for tes⁃ ticular artery preservation has the advantages of accurate preservation of testicular artery，rapid recovery and less complications，worthy of popularization.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and clinical effects of distal locking which assisted by Gustilo Revdrill Interlocking Nails System in adult femoral shaft fractures treated with interlocking intramedul⁃ lary nail. Methods From July 2020 to July 2022，in the Fourth People′s Hospital of Guiyang，consecutive clinical data of 40 patients with femoral shaft fracture treated with intramedullary nail were assigned to study group and control group according to the method of the distal locking. Study group（n = 20）was treated with Gustilo Revdrill Interlocking Nails System，and control group（n = 20）was given in vitro targeting system. The first success rate of the distal locking，the frequency of fluoroscopy，and the time of distal locking were recorded and compared. Results The first success rate of the distal nailing rate was 95.0% in study group，significantly higher than the control group（60.0%）（P < 0.05）. The control group took significant greater frequency of radiographic exposure than the study group［（5.9 ± 7.8）times vs.（22.5 ± 4.7）times，P < 0.001］. The time of distal locking in study group were significantly reduced as compared with the control group［（10.6 ± 5.8）min vs.（17.3 ± 2.0）min，P < 0.001］. 1 case of soft drill bent and broken was noted in the early study group，removed after slotting. There was no case of wound infection and internal fixation breakage in both groups；The trend of fracture healing was good in all cases；The function of the hip and knee joint were satisfactory. Conclusion Adult femoral shaft fracture treated with interlocking intramedullary nail which assisted by the Gustilo Revdrill Interlocking Nails System for distal lock⁃ ing could improve the first success rate，decrease the frequency of fluoroscopy，short the time of operation of the distal locking，less trauma，and have a good clinical results. However，it is recommended to choose a slightly lon⁃ ger intramedullary nail，and strictly following the operation manual.

Objective To explore the effects of liraglutide on gonadal hormone and sexual function in over⁃ weight or obese male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods One hundred and twenty overweight or obese（BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 ）male patients with T2DM were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into experimental group treated with liraglutide combined with metformin（n = 60）and control group treated with insulin glargine combined with metformin（n = 60）. The changes of body weight，fasting blood glucose，2 h postprandial blood glucose，glycosylated hemoglobin，testosterone，SHBG and gonadal function before and after treatment were observed in a 12⁃week follow up. Results Fasting blood glucose，2 h postprandial blood glucose， glycosylated hemoglobin decreased significantly in both groups after treatment. Body weight and BMI of the experi⁃ mental group decreased significantly，while those of the control group had no significant change. The testosterone and gonadal function of the experimental group were slightly improved after treatment，but the difference had no statistical significance. Twenty⁃one patients lost weight ≥ 2.5 kg in the experimental group and the total testosterone and free testosterone were significantly increased；compared with patients with weight loss < 2.5 kg，the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion In the treatment of overweight or obese men with T2DM，liraglutide combined with Metformin can increase testosterone level in those who lost weight ≥ 2.5 kg.

Objective To explore the diagnostic values of cytology combined with histopathology in the diagnosis of space occupying pancreatic lesions with endoscopic ultrasound ⁃ guided fine ⁃ needle aspiration（EUS ⁃ FNA）. Methods The data of 51 patients with pancreatic space occupation were collected and all the patients underwent EUS⁃FNA and cytological and histopathological examination. The cytological，histopathological and com⁃ bined diagnosis results were compared with the final diagnosis results，and the application values of different diag⁃ nostic methods was analyzed. Results The sensitivity，specificity and area under curve（AUC）of the cytological examination were respectively 91.11%，100.00% and 0.981. The corresponding values for histopathological exami⁃ nation were respectively 75.56%，83.33% and 0.852. The values of combined detection were respectively 95.56%， 83.33% and 0.987. The diagnostic efficacy of the combination examination was better than that of histopathology （χ2 = 4.55，P = 0.03），and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Endoscopic ultrasound⁃guided fine needle aspiration cytology combined with histopathology can improve the diagnostic rate of pancreatic space occupying lesions and is considerably safe.

Objective To study clinical curative effect of YiqiYangying Decoction used in perioperation for cases of severe knee osteoarthritis treated by artificial knee resurfacing surgery. Methods According to the in⁃ clusion and exclusion criteria，82 patients with severe knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to one of two groups：the control group and the YiqiYangying Decoction observation group. Patients in the control group under⁃ went artificial knee resurfacing surgery with conventional enhanced recovery after surgery. In the observation group，patients were given YiqiYangying Decoction for seven days in addition to the above ⁃mentioned treatment. To take statistical analysis of RBC，HGB，D⁃dimer of the patients in the two groups before，one day and eight days after the surgery. To compare knee range of motion，VAS and Lequesne MG of the patients in the two groups before and eight days after the surgery. Results RBC and HGB levels in both groups were significantly lower one day after surgery than before. RBC and HGB levels in both groups were significantly lower one day after surgery than before. RBC and HGB levels in the two groups were significantly higher eight days after surgery than one day after surgery. The RBC and HGB of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group. D⁃ dimer of the two groups one day after the surgery was significantly higher than before surgery and D⁃ dimer of the two groups eight days after the surgery was significantly lower than one day after the surgery. D⁃dimer of the the observation group was significantly lower than the control group. Knee range of motion of the two groups eight days after the surgery was significantly higher than before operation. Knee range of motion of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group. VAS and Lequesne MG of the two groups eight days after the surgery was significantly lower than before operation. VAS and Lequesne MG of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group. Twenty⁃six inpatients were cured and there were 12 inpatients of conspicuity in the observa⁃ tion group while 20 of cure and 13 of conspicuity in the control group. The rate of cure and conspicuity of the obser⁃vation group was significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion On the one hand，anemia and blood coagulation function were significantly improved，as was the curative effect of TCM diseases and syndromes；on the other hand，pain was relieved and joint motor function was significantly improved. YiqiYangying Decoction could be used to improve recovery after surgery in cases of severe knee osteoarthritis treated effectively with artificial knee resurfacing surgery.

Objective To explore the effects of Lichong Decoction combined with Shenghua Decoction （granules）on both adenomyosis of qi deficiency and blood stasis type and ovarian function in order to provide tradi⁃ tional Chinese medicine treatment plan for adenomyosis. Methods A total of 100 patients with uterine adenomyosis were equally divided into TCM group and control group according to the 1∶1 simple allocation principle. The control group and the TCM group were treated with levonorgestrel intrauterine sustained⁃release system（LNG⁃IUS） and biochemical soup pellets on the basis of the control group for 3 months. Its effect on the body ovarian function was investigated. Results After treatment，the total effective rate in the traditional Chinese medicine group were 98.0%，which were significantly different from 86.0% in the control group（P < 0.05）. The VAS scores of dysmen⁃ orrhea in both groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment（P < 0.05），and those in the traditional Chinese medicine group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. There were no significant differences in serum LH and FSH levels between the two groups before and after treatment（P > 0.05）. The serum levels of SOD and CAT in both groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment （P < 0.05），and the levels in the traditional Chinese medicine group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Lichong decoction combined with Shenghua decoction granules for treating adenomyosis with qi deficiency and blood stasis can not only improve the therapeutic effect without affecting the body′ s ovarian function，but also promote the release of serum SOD and CAT and the relief of dysmenorrhea symptoms.

In recent years，the research on the heath and disease of the human microbiome has shed new light on many fields of clinical medicine.New research shows that gut microbiome is correlated with anesthetics and analgesics，perioperative outcomes，intensive care and postoperative pain，indicating potential clinical applica⁃ tions in different clinical fields. However，little is known about the role of gut microbiota in anesthesia and pain. In this paper，we have reviewed the basic concept of human gut microbiome，the possible mechanisms that affect hosts and the ways and means to intervene microorganisms for treatment，and summarized the evidence that gut microbiome is linked with anesthesia.

As an emerging auxiliary technology for orthodontic treatment，photobiomodulation therapy （PBMT）has been gradually promoted and used in clinical practice. Most studies have found that it can play a positive role in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement，reducing pain and decreasing orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption，but its mechanism is not completely clear. This article reviews the progress of PBMT in orthodontic research at home and abroad in recent years，and further elaborates the specific mechanism and research status of PBMT on orthodontic tooth movement，pain and root resorption.