Abstract:

Skeletal muscle injury is a common disease in clinical practice， and an in-depth understanding of its repair mechanisms is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. This paper focuses on the key role of TGF-β in skeletal muscle injury repair， introduces the diversity of its family members and signaling pathways， explores the expression and regulation part of TGF-β after skeletal muscle injury， analyzes its early expression dynamics and regulatory factors， and thoroughly investigates the effects of TGF-β on skeletal muscle repair， revealing its inflammatory regulation， cellular activation and proliferation as well as fibrosis. Key role. Special attention was paid to its mechanism of action in muscle regeneration and its regulatory mechanism at the cellular level. In addition， the potential clinical applications of TGF?β in the repair of skeletal muscle injury were discussed， and the development and application of it as a therapeutic target and modulator were explored. However， controversies and shortcomings still exist in the current study， such as the dual roles of TGF-β and the impact of individual differences on treatment. Future research directions should include digging deeper into the details of signaling pathways and biomarker discovery. By overcoming these challenges， the potential clinical application of TGF-β in skeletal muscle injury repair is expected to usher in new breakthroughs and provide patients with more individualized and effective treatment strategies.

Key words: skeletal muscle, TGF-β, satellite cells, fibrosis, signaling pathway