Ascites is the most frequent decompensating event of cirrhosis. At present， ascites recurs at a high rate due to lack of effective management strategy and is frequently complicated with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis， hepatorenal syndrome， and liver failure， which increase the fatality rate. Albumin treatment for hepatocirrhosic ascites has a long history， but it is limited as an acute or short?term treatment. In contrast， long?term albumin administration represents a completely different treatment paradigm. Results from several recent clinical studies indicate that long?term albumin treatment can be able to modify the disease courses of some decompensated cirrhosis when albumin is given at a sufficient dose for a sufficient time. In this review， we analyze the available data acquired from long?term albumin treatments， trying to establish a secure and effective management scheme involving maximal target population， albumin dose， administration time， and standards for albumin withdrawal， and thus provide references for the clinical practice.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction， which is caused by the body's uncontrolled immune response to infection. Tissue masts cells （MC）， derived from blood mast cell progenitors， are one of the classical effector cells in inflammatory response. MC plays an important role in sepsis via secreting a variety of inflammatory mediators and cytokines. Here， we summarized the potential roles of MC in sepsis， which is expected to provide novel ideas for the future research on the novel mechanisms of MC in sepsis.

Objective To explore the role of protective function of Sestrin2 （Sesn2） to mitochondria in alleviating cognitive dysfunction in mice with sepsis-associated encephalopathy （SAE）. Methods 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups： sham group， CLP group and CLP plus eupatilin group， 40 mice in each group. A sepsis model was induced by cecal ligation and perforation （CLP）. The CLP plus eupatilin group was treated with eupatilin. Neurobehavioral test and Morris water maze （MWM） were used to determine neurobehavior and spatial learning and memory function in mice. The number of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area was counted by Nissl staining. HT22 cells were randomly divided into a control group （Con）， lipopolysaccharide group （LPS）， LPS plus eupatilin treatment group （LPS plus eupatilin） and LPS plus eupatilin and Nrf2 siRNA treatment group （LPS plus eupatilin and si-Nrf2）. Apoptosis was analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling （TUNEL） staining， Mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP） was used to analyze mitochondrial damage. Results Seven days after CLP， as compared with sham mice， Sesn2 in hippocampus and cortex decreased significantly in CLP mice （P < 0.01）. As compared with CLP group， the survival rate in CLP plus eupatilin group increased significantly （P < 0.05）. As compared with sham group， the mice in CLP group showed a relatively high nerve injury score （P < 0.05）， and had fewer platform crossings and shorter target stay time， while the mice in CLP plus eupatilin group exhibited a lower injury score （P < 0.05）， and stayed in the target area for a longer time （P < 0.05）. As compared with sham group， the co-localization rate of neurons， Sesn2 and Nrf2 in CLP group decreased significantly （P < 0.05）， and the number of CD68/Iba-1 positive microglia increased significantly （P < 0.05）， while CLP plus eupatilin group reversed these changes. As compared with Con group， apoptosis and MMP level in LPS group increased significantly （P < 0.01）， while apoptosis and MMP level in LPS plus eupatilin group were lower than those in LPS group （P < 0.05）. However， Nrf2 knockdown （LPS plus eupatilin and si-Nrf2 group） reversed the anti-apoptosis and mitochondrial protection of eupatilin. Conclusions Eupatilin can alleviate cognitive dysfunction and neurological deficit in SAE mice by activating Sesn2-Nrf2 pathway， and improve inflammatory microenvironment by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction.

Objective To explore the effects of TRAF6 inhibition on autophagy， myocardial inflammation and cardiac function in septic mice. Methods Twenty-four male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 groups： sham， sham + C25-140 （sham+C）， cecal ligation and puncture （CLP）， and cecal ligation and puncture+C25-140 （CLP+C） group. Sham+C group and CLP+C group were intraperitoneally injected with C25-140 after operation. LVEF and LVFS were evaluated by ultrasound 24 hours after operation. Serum TNF-α and IL1-β were measured by ELISA. HE staining was used to evaluate myocardial inflammatory response. Autophagosomes and mitochondrial microstructure of cardiomyocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. TRAF6 mRNA in myocardial tissue was detected by qPCR. The expression of TRAF6， P62， Beclin-1 and LC3B protein was detected by W-B. The effect of C25-140 on myocardial injury in the septic mice was observed by inhibiting autophagy with 3-MA. Results Compared with the sham group， the levels of TRAF6 mRNA and TRAF6 in the myocardial tissue in the CLP group were significantly increased （P < 0.05） and the serum TNF-α and IL1-β concentrations were significantly increased （P < 0.05）. Meanwhile， the myocardial tissue HE staining showed inflammatory cell infiltration and the LVEF and LVFS levels were significantly decreased in the CLP group （P < 0.05）. Compared with CLP group， the CLP+C group showed that the expression of TRAF6 mRNA and TRAF6 protein decreased （P < 0.05）， serum TNF-α and IL1-β decreased （P < 0.05）， myocardial histopathological myocardial inflammatory cell infiltration decreased， the LVEF and LVFS levels increased （P < 0.05）. Electron microscopy showed that the mitochondrial swelling decreased， autophagosomes increased， expression of Beclin-1 and LC3II/I increased， and P62 expression decreased （P < 0.05）. As compared with CLP+C group， the CLP+C+3-MA group showed that obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the myocardial pathology and the LVEF and LVFS levels decreased after 3-MA inhibited autophagy （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Inhibition of TRAF6 can not only ameliorate myocardial inflammatory injury and cardiac dysfunction in septic mice， but promote the involvment of cardiomyocyte autophagy in provention from sepsis-induced myocardial injury.

Objective To explore the potential relationship between ubiquitination of transforming growth factor kinase 1 （TAK1）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway mediated by ring finger protein 99 （RNF99） and septic acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. Methods Plasmid and siRNA transfection were conducted to overexpress or knock down RNF99 in MLE12， and expressions of p65 phosphate and p65 protein were analyzed. The protein interaction between RNF99 and TRAF6 or TAK1 was analyzed by immunoprecipitation assay. Forty mice were randomly divided into WT plus PBS， WT plus LPS， RNF99 specific expression （TG） plus PBS， and TG plus LPS groups， with 10 mice in each group. Sepsis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg LPS. Results As compared with vector group， protein expression levels of TRAF6 and TAK1 in MLE12 cells decreased significantly in RNF99 group （P < 0.05）. Ubiquitinated TRAF6 protein increased in MLE12 cells with RNF99 knockdown. As compared with LPS plus vector group， phosphorylation level of p65 in MLE12 cells was significantly lower in LPS plus RNF99 group （P < 0.05）. As compared with si-NC group， protein expression levels of RNF99 and IκBα in si-RNF99 group decreased significantly （P < 0.05）. As compared with LPS plus si-NC group， phosphorylation level of p65 in LPS plus si-RNF99 group increased significantly （P < 0.05）. The staining percentage of CD68 macrophages in lung tissues was significantly lower in TG plus LPS group than in WT plus LPS group （P < 0.05）. Phosphorylation level of p65 in lung tissues was significantly lower in TG plus LPS group than in WT plus LPS group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion RNF99 regulates NF-κB signaling pathway by interacting with the key regulator of NF-κB signaling pathway （TRAF6/TAK1）， and improves lung injury after intraperitoneal injection of LPS in mice.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of sivelestat sodium combined with ulinastatin in the treatment of sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. Methods One hundred and four patients with sepsis-induced ARDS had admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into a control group （routine treatment plus sivelestat sodium） and combination group （routine treatment plus sivelestat sodium and ulinastatin） by a computer random number generator， 52 in each group. Murray lung injury score （MLIS）， sequential organ failure assessment （SOFA） score， extravascular lung water index （ELWI）， arterial blood oxygen partial pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen （PaO₂/FiO₂）， white blood cell count （WBC）， neutrophil percentage （NEUT%）， and levels of endothelial cell specific molecule-1 （ESM-1）， soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor （suPAR） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The recovery speed， prognosis and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results T-test showed there were no significant differences in MLIS score， SOFA score， ELWI， PaO₂/FiO₂， WBC， NEUT%， ESM-1， suPAR and IL-6 levels between the control group and the combination group before treatment （P > 0.05）. After treatment， MLIS score， SOFA score， ELWI， WBC， NEUT%， ESM-1， suPAR and IL-6 levels in the combination group were lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）， and PaO₂/FiO₂ was higher than that in the control group （P < 0.05）. Time to mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay in the combination group were shorter than those in the control group （P < 0.05）， and the 28-day mortality rate was lower than that in the control group （P < 0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups during the treatment period. Conclusion Sivelestat sodium combined with ulinastatin can reduce lung injury and inflammatory response， accelerate recovery speed， improve lung function and prognosis in patients with sepsis-induced ARDS， and the therapy has higher safety.

Objective To observe the effect of Xinmailong injection on microcirculation in patients with septic shock， so as to understand the application effect and value of Xinmailong injection in patients with septic shock. Methods A total of 82 patients with septic shock treated in the intensive care unit of our hospital were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into two groups. 41 patients in the control group were treated with conventional septic shock cluster therapy， and 41 patients in the treatment group were treated with Xinmailong injection on the basis of cluster therapy in the control group. Then hemodynamic parameters （HR， CVP， CO， MAP， SVR）， hemorheology （whole blood reducing viscosity， hematocrit， fibrinogen， platelet aggregation rate）， microcirculation perfusion indexes （oxygenation index， blood lactate level， SCVO₂， Pcv-aCO₂） and 28-day survival rate were detected and compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results Before treatment， there were no significant differences in hemodynamic parameters， blood rheology and microcirculation perfusion indexes between the two groups （P > 0.05）. After treatment， the above test results of the two groups were significantly improved， and the test results of the treatment group were significantly better than those of the control group， and the 28-day survival rate was also better than that of the control group. The differences were statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Xinmailong injection can significantly improve the hemodynamic parameters， blood rheology and microcirculation perfusion indexes， and improve the 28-day survival rate of patients with sepsis. It has a positive clinical effect in the treatment of septic shock patients.

Objective To investigate whether the pituitary tumor transformation gene 1 （PTTG 1） plays a role in colitis by regulating intestinal epithelial cells pyroptosis. Methods Ten PTTG 1 wild?type （WT） mice and Ten PTTG 1 knockout （KO） mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 each， respectively PTTG1 WT control and experimental group， PTTG1 KO control and experimental group. The mice in the experimental group were given 3% dextran sodium sulfate （DSS） for 6 days to induce acute colitis， and the control group was given sterile double distilled water（ddH₂O）. The disease activity index of the respective group of mice was observed and recorded. Mouse colonic tissue were collected， and the expression levels of NLRP3， ASC， and GSDMD were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot. In HCoEpiC， PTTG1 expression was knocked down using shRNA， and the cells were subsequently treated with TNF?α to induce inflammation. Then， the expression of GSDMD was detected. Results The expression of PTTG1 was decreased in colonic mucosal tissue in mice with acute colitis（P < 0.01）. Compared with WT mice， the colitis was significantly aggravated in PTTG1 KO mice after 3% DSS treatment. The expression of pyroptosis?related proteins was significantly up?regulated in the colon mucosal tissues of PTTG1 KO experimental mice（P < 0.05）. After knocking down the expression of PTTG1 in HCoEpiC and TNF?α treatment， the expression levels of GSDMD were significantly up?regulated（P < 0.05）. Conclusion PTTG1 reduced pyroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells （IECs）， while PTTG1 loss can enhance IEC pyroptosis， aggravating colonic inflammation.

Objective To explore the role and efficacy of VEGF and HGF gene adenovirus vector in promoting angiogenesis in ischemic tissue. Methods 84 Kunming mice were randomly divided into sham group， control group， VEGF group， HGF group and VEGF+HGF group， and the left lower limb ischemia model was established. The blood supply of ischemic tissue was observed by rheometer， and the expression levels of VEGF and HGF in each group were detected by Western Blot and ELISA. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect angiogenesis （CD31， SMA） in ischemic tissues. Safety was assessed by side effects during treatment in mice. Results After the successful modeling， the blood flow velocity of the left lower limb in each group decreased significantly. On the 7th day after operation， the blood flow of the left lower limb in each group was significantly better than that on the 0th day after operation （P < 0.05）， and the blood flow of the left lower limb in Ad-VEGF-HGF group was significantly better than that in other groups （P < 0.05）. On the 28th day after operation， the blood flow of the left lower limb in Ad-VEGF-HGF group gradually stabilized， the blood flow in Ad-VEGF-HGF group was significantly better than that in other groups， and both VEGF group and HGF group were significantly better than the control group （P < 0.05）. On the 7th， 14th， and 28th days following surgery， HGF and VEGF protein levels in the Ad-HGF， Ad-VEGF， and Ad-VEGF-HGF groups were substantially greater than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The expression level in the Ad-VEGF-HGF group peaked on the 14th day （all P < 0.001） and subsequently declined to preoperative levels on the 28th day after operation. Conclusion Ad-VEGF-HGF gene injection can effectively boost VEGF and HGF protein expression and rapidly reach the relative peak level， encouraging angiogenesis after lower limb ischemia， increasing blood flow， and improving lower limb circulation.

Objective To investigate the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 in placenta accrete （PA） and its effect on trophoblast invasion and migration. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 in placenta tissue of 30 cases in PA group and 30 cases in control group， and the correlation between lncRNA SNHG8 expression and prenatal ultrasound score of 30 cases in PA group was analyzed. Transwell and scratch assay were used to detect the effect of lncRNA SNHG8 interference on the invasion and migration of human chorionic trophoblast cells （HTR8/SVneo cells）， and western blot was used to detect the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The downstream targets of lncRNA SNHG8 were predicted by StarBase software， and the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 was detected in placental tissues of the two groups. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between lncRNA SNHG8 and miR-542-3p. Results Compared with that of the control group， the expression of lncRNA SNHG8 was up-regulated in the placenta tissue of the PA group（P < 0.05）， and it was positively correlated with prenatal ultrasound score. Interference with lncRNA SNHG8 inhibited the invasion and migration of trophoblast cells（P < 0.05）； the protein expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2 also decreased significantly （P < 0.05）. Biological prediction indicates that miR-542-3p had a binding site with lncRNA SNHG8， and miR-542-3p expression was down-regulated in PA placental tissue（P < 0.05）. Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that lncRNA SNHG8 could target miR-542-3p. Compared with si-SNHG8+inhibitor-NC， co-transfection of si-SNHG8 and miR-542-3p inhibitor enhanced the invasion and migration ability of trophoblast cells（P < 0.05）. Conclusion lncRNA SNHG8 is highly expressed in PA and is related to the severity of PA. LncRNA SNHG8 promotes the invasion and migration of trophoblast by regulating the level of miR-542-3p. The study suggests that lncRNA SNHG8 plays an important role in the invasion and migration of PA trophoblast cells， which is expected to be a clinical diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of miR-571 for liver fibrosis by detecting miR-571 expression in the peripheral blood of patients with liver fibrosis. Methods From December 2022 to September 2023， 40 patients with liver fibrosis， 40 patients with chronic hepatitis， and 40 healthy controls were chosen as research subjects. The expression level of miR-571 in peripheral blood was detected using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction， and the relative expression of miR-571 in each group was evaluated. The Spearman correlation method was utilized to examine the relationship between miR-571 and clinical detection indices. To assess the capacity of miR-571 and the multivariate diagnostic model to identify liver fibrosis， binary logistic regression was used to create a multivariate diagnostic model， and ROC curves were generated. Results The expression of miR-571 was significantly higher in the liver fibrosis group than in the healthy control and hepatitis groups， and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.001）. The expression level of miR-571 was positively connected with ALT， APRI score， and FIB-4 index （r = 0.23， 0.30， 0.22， P < 0.05） and negatively correlated with PLT （r = -0.19， P < 0.05） according to Spearman correlation analysis. Logistic regression research revealed that miR-571 and the FIB-4 index were independent risk factors for liver fibrosis. The AUC for miR-571 to diagnose fibrosis was 0.91 （95% CI： 0.85 ~ 0.96）， while the AUC for miR-571 paired with the FIB-4 index was 0.94 （95% CI： 0.90 ~ 0.98）. Conclusion MiR-571 expression was shown to be considerably higher in the peripheral blood of hepatic fibrosis patients， and the combined FIB-4 index offers some clinical diagnostic value for hepatic fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of ANCA in the disease activity of patients with SLE. Methods A total of 1 025 SLE patients were recruited and were divided into inactive and active groups according to SLEDAI score. Demographic characteristics， clinical symptoms， autoantibodies， routine laboratory tests and renal pathology were also recorded and compared between the two groups. Results All patients were divided into inactive group （n = 750） and active group （n = 250）. The occurrence of renal， pulmonary， cutaneous， arthritis manifestations were significantly higher than those of the inactive group （all P < 0.05）. All patients were tested for ANCA， and the most common pattern being perinuclear or p-ANCA， the percentage of p-ANCA seropositive increased greatly with the increased disease activity （P < 0.05）. The autoantibodies were further analyzed between the two groups， 25 patients had reactivity to MPO， but no patient had reactivity to PR3. Also， there were significant differences in anti-dsDNA antibody， anti-nucleosome antibody between the two groups （P < 0.05）. In the active group， patients with p-ANCA seropositive exhibited higher serum beta-2-microglobulin （β2-MG）， titers of anti-dsDNA antibody， SLEDAI scores， lower albumin， C3， and C4 levels （P < 0.05）. Meanwhile， p-ANCA was associated with IL-6， which increased significantly with the increase of SLEDAI score. In addition， patients with p-ANCA seropositive had more occurrence of lupus nephritis， but it had no association with the renal pathology. Conclusion The appearance of p-ANCA in SLE patients indicated more severe disease activity status.

Objective To develop a nomogram for predicting the risks of early anastomotic recurrence （EAR） after primary bowel resection in patients with Crohn′s disease （CD）. Methods The patients with CD undergoing preoperative magnetic resonance enterography （MRE） and primary bowel resection were enrolled in this retrospective study and divided into an EAR group （18 patients） and EAR?free group （12 patients）. The EAR group included the patients having an endoscopic Rutgeerts score of ≥ I₂ month or the need for anastomotic resection within 12 months after surgery. All the 38 indexes including preoperative demographic characteristics， laboratory examinations， multi?parameter MRE features of the resected intestine and its adjacent mesentery， histological findings， and postoperative pharmacotherapy were analyzed. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator （LASSO） regression and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify independent risk factors to be incorporated into the nomogram for predicting the risks of early anastomotic recurrence and the prediction performance was evaluated. Results Mesenteric creeping fat index on MRE and comb sign were independent risks of EAR， with a concordance index of 0.882 （95%CI： 0.764~1）. The calibration plot revealed a strong relationship between actual observation and predicted probability of EAR. Conclusions The preoperative MRE?based nomogram may be a potential tool for predicting EAR following surgery in patients with CD， which is beneficial to individual management in those patients. It provides reference for the formulation of early postoperative individualized drug adjuvant therapy in patients at high risk of EAR.

Objective To explore the correlation between intestinal dose and acute radiation enteritis （ARE） in patients with cervical cancer received concurrent chemoradiotherapy， and optimize the dose limit of intestinal tissue. Methods 158 cervical cancer patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy from 2014 to 2019 were selected in this study. According to CTCAE 5.0， patients with ARE ≥ grade 2 were classified as ARE ≥ grade 2 group， otherwise classified as ARE < grade 2 group. The intestinal dosimetric parameters of the two groups were recorded from the dose volume histogram. The correlation between ARE ≥ grade 2 and intestinal dosimetric parameters were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results Among the 158 cervical cancer patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy， 26 cases had grade 2 or above ARE （16.46%）. The incidence of ARE ≥ grade 2 in patients with malnutrition and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy was significantly higher than that in patients with well-nourished and intensity modulated radiotherapy （P < 0.05）. The bowelbag V5， V40 and the rectal V50 of cervical cancer patients with ARE ≥ grade 2 were significantly higher than those with ARE < grade 2 （P < 0.05）. ROC curves showed that bowelbag V5 and V40 were significant predictors of ARE ≥ grade 2 （AUC > 0.7， P < 0.05）. Conclusions For patients with cervical cancer received concurrent chemoradiotherapy， the dose of bowelbag V5 and V40 should be considered to rationally optimize the dose of bowelbag in the radiotherapy plan， so as to reduce the incidence of ARE ≥ grade 2.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of aggressive behavior in patients with bipolar disorder and to construct a nomogram prediction model. Method Eighty patients with bipolar disorder who were admitted to our hospital from March 2021 to April 2023 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into non-aggressive and aggressive groups. Univariate analysis was performed on the data of the two groups， and factors with statistical significance were subjected to logistic regression analysis. A nomogram was drawn to determine the influencing factors of aggressive behavior in patients with bipolar disorder. Result A total of 80 patients were included， of which 28 were in the aggressive group （35.0%） and 52 were in the non-aggressive group （65.0%）. The proportion of patients who lived alone for a long time， the total hospitalization time， and the proportion of patients with a history of suicidal tendencies were higher in the aggressive group than in the non-aggressive group. Moreover， the scores of ITAQ and SSRS were lower in the aggressive group （P < 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that living alone for a long time and having a history of suicidal tendencies were risk factors for aggressive behavior in patients with bipolar disorder， while high scores on ITAQ and SSRS were protective factors （P < 0.05）. A nomogram was constructed， which has good predictive value. Conclusion Long-term solitary living and a history of suicidal tendencies may increase the risk of aggressive behavior in patients with bipolar disorder.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of stageⅠcomprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）. Methods A total of 72 patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with PCI admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Beijing Electric Power Hospital of State Grid Corporation from June 2021 to June 2022， which were selected as the research objectsand divided into control group and observation group randomly （36 cases in each group）. The control group was treated with routine nursing and health education， and the observation group with stageⅠcomprehensive cardiac rehabilitation， including initial assessment （cardiovascular comprehensive assessment）， exercise training （exercise training and breathing training）， daily activity suggestions and health education， discharge assessment （six-minute walking test and Barthel index assessment）. The score of Barthel index （BI） at discharge， the 6-minute walking test distance （6MWD） at discharge， the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event （MACE） during hospitalization and within one month of discharge， and the length of stay were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention， the six-minute walking test distance（6MWD）and Barthel index（BI）score in the observation group were better than those in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） during hospitalization and one month after discharge was lower in the observation group than in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. The length of hospitalization in observation group was lower than that in control groupbut there was no statistical difference （P > 0.05）. Conclusion The application of phaseⅠcomprehensive cardiac rehabilitation training in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with emergency PCI could improve the patients' exercise ability， improve their ability of daily activity， reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） in the early stage of the disease， facilitate the patients to return to their families and society as soon as possible， and improve their quality of life. It has high clinical application value.

Objective To explore the clinical value of methylation at promoter sites of urine protein kinase Y-linked （PRKY） gene in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer（PCa）. Methods Urine samples were collected from 50 suspected PCa patients. After extracting DNA， the methylation levels of the PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709， cg08045599， and cg05618150 were detected using quantitative methylation-specific PCR （qMSP）. Simultaneously， the patients were divided into the benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） group and the PCa group. The differences in clinical indicators between the two groups were analyzed， as well as the methylation status of the PRKY gene promoter sites in the urine of the two groups of patients. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve of PRKY promoter sites methylation was established， and the area under the curve （AUC） was calculated to analyze the diagnostic value of PRKY promoter sites methylation in PCa， and to perform combined diagnosis with clinical indicators. Results The methylation rates of cg05163709 and cg05618150 in urine specimens of PCa patients were significantly higher than those of BPH patients. The AUC for cg05163709 methylation in diagnosing PCa was 0.762， with a sensitivity of 86.70%. It showed better performance in early screening for PCa compared to total prostate specific antigen （tPSA）， percentage free prostate specific antigen（f/tPSA）and prostate specific antigen density （PSAD）index. We found that the AUC for cg05618150 methylation in conjunction with PSAD in diagnosing PCa was 0.787， with a sensitivity of 86.70%. The AUC of cg05163709 methylation and PSAD in the joint diagnosis of PCa was 0.855， and the specificity could reach 95.00%. Conclusion The methylation of urine PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709 and cg05618150 shows high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing PCa， making them promising biomarkers for early detection of PCa.

Objective To determine the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of IL-17 with type 2 diabetes in Han population in southeastern Shanxi Provincein. Methods The basic information and related clinical data of the subjects were collected of normal healthy controls and T2DM. Whole blood DNA was extracted， and IL-17 polymorphisms （rs2275913， rs3819024， rs4711998 and rs8193036） were analyzed by using a polymerase chain reaction-high temperature ligase reaction. Results There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency distribution of the four SNP loci of IL-17 gene between the two groups （P > 0.05）. IL-17 polymorphism was not linked with T2DM in multiple genetic models after controlling for age， BMI， WC， and dyslipidemia （P > 0.05）. Further analysis showed that the levels of AA genotype was substantially lower of FPG and HOMA-IR levels when compared with the AG and GG genotypes， and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant （P < 0.05）. However， BMI， FINS， HbA1c and HOMA-βwas no statistical significance among the three groups （P > 0.05）. Besides， WC and HOMA-IR of AA genotype （rs3819024） were notable higher than those of GG genotype in T2DM group（P < 0.05）. Conclusions The IL-17 gene polymorphisms rs2275913， rs3819024， rs4711998， and rs8193036 in the Han population of southeast Shanxi Province may not be associated with T2DM. In this region Han T2DM patients， AA genotype at rs2275913 of the IL-17 gene is associated to FPG and HOMA-IR， while GG genotype at rs3819024 is related to WC and HOMA-IR， which could be the potential genotype of IL-17 impacting glucose metabolism.

Objective To evalute the drug resistance characteristics of tuberculosis（TB） patients of all ages in Guangdong Province during 2014-2020， and provide prevention and treatment strategies of tuberculosis. Method We used 39，048 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis （MTB） belonging to patients with confirmed TB from 2014 to 2020， from 32 TB drug?resistant surveillance sites in Guangdong Province， and we retrospectively analyzed the laboratories data of patients with drug?resistant TB， and grouped patients by age and region， to explore the trend of drug?resistance of MTB clinical isolates， the trend and incidence differences of multi?resistant TB （including monodrug?resistant TB （MR?TB）， polydrug?resistant TB （PDR?TB）， multidrug?resistant TB （MDR?TB） and extensively drug?resistant TB （XDR?TB））， and resistance characteristics of MTB clinical isolates to drugs in focus （rifampicin and ofloxacin）. Result The differences in the resistance rates of MTB clinical isolates to nine antituberculosis drugs among patients at 32 TB drug resistance surveillance sites in Guangdong Province from 2014 to 2020 were not statistically significant （P > 0.05）. The rates of MR?TB， PDR?TB， MDR?TB， XDR?TB， and total resistance isolates of MTB clinical isolates were 14.46%， 5.16%， 5.16%， 4.58%， and 1.29%， respectively. he pediatric group had a higher MR rate （15.4%） than the adult and geriatric groups， while the adult and geriatric groups had higher MDR rates （5.0% and 5.0%， respectively）. The geriatric group also had a higher XDR rate （2.1%）， with statistically significant differences （P < 0.001）. The rates of MR?TB （14.8%）， PDR?TB （5.3%）， MDR?TB （4.7%）， XDR?TB （1.4%）， ofloxacin resistance （11.33%） and rifampicin resistance （6.92%） of MTB clinical isolates were higher in patients from the Pearl River Delta than in other regions of Guangdong Province， with statistically significant differences （P < 0.001）. Conclusion According to the data from the surveillance sites， the epidemiological trend of drug?resistant TB in Guangdong Province is leveling off during the period 2014?2020. However， the incidence of drug?resistant TB is higher in specific populations （e.g. children and the elderly）， and the incidence of drug?resistant TB and the rate of drug resistance to drugs in focus are higher in the Pearl River Delta than in other regions of Guangdong Province， necessitating further investigation and the development of novel prevention and control strategies.

Prosthodontic dentures are used to treat tooth defects， dentition defects and dentition loss， which can restore the appearance and function of the patient's oral cavity. With the advent of the digital age， 3D printing technologies have slowly gained widespread popularity. In the field of prosthodontics， 3D printing can manufacture materials including resins， waxes， metals， and ceramics. Besides， it can produce fixed， movable， implant dentures and dental models required for dentures. 3D printing can produce complicated things with a high material consumption rate， simplifying denture manufacture. In addition， the accuracy of 3D printed prosthesis is directly related to the comfort and durability. This article summarizes the process of accuracy of 3D printed dental prosthesis at home and abroad in recent years and provides clues for better 3D printing application.

Oligodendrocytes （OLs） play a crucial role in myelination during the development and repair of the central nervous system. ATP serves not only as an important signaling molecule involving in the intercellular communications， but also as an energetic molecule， with its purinergic receptor subtypes widely present in neurons and glial cells. These subtypes are composed of two purinergic receptors： P1 and P2： The former are primarily activated by adenosine， and the latter mainly by ATP， ADP， and UTP. The two receptors paly their respective role in various regions of the CNS under physiological or pathological conditions through distinct mechanisms. In this paper， we review recent literature on the roles and mechanisms of the purinergic receptors in OL development， myelination， and myelin repair. It may be of great significance for further understanding the role of purinergic signaling in demyelinating diseases and myelin dysplasia and exploring potential therapeutic targets.

Skeletal muscle injury is a common disease in clinical practice， and an in-depth understanding of its repair mechanisms is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. This paper focuses on the key role of TGF-β in skeletal muscle injury repair， introduces the diversity of its family members and signaling pathways， explores the expression and regulation part of TGF-β after skeletal muscle injury， analyzes its early expression dynamics and regulatory factors， and thoroughly investigates the effects of TGF-β on skeletal muscle repair， revealing its inflammatory regulation， cellular activation and proliferation as well as fibrosis. Key role. Special attention was paid to its mechanism of action in muscle regeneration and its regulatory mechanism at the cellular level. In addition， the potential clinical applications of TGF?β in the repair of skeletal muscle injury were discussed， and the development and application of it as a therapeutic target and modulator were explored. However， controversies and shortcomings still exist in the current study， such as the dual roles of TGF-β and the impact of individual differences on treatment. Future research directions should include digging deeper into the details of signaling pathways and biomarker discovery. By overcoming these challenges， the potential clinical application of TGF-β in skeletal muscle injury repair is expected to usher in new breakthroughs and provide patients with more individualized and effective treatment strategies.

Acute myocardial infarction （AMI） is one of the leading causes of cardiac death. The percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） can improve the prognosis of AMI patients， but the overall prognosis of AMI patients is not optimistic. Hyperuricemia has become one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The role of hyperuricemia in the occurrence， development and prognosis of AMI has attracted increasing attention. This article reviews the research progress on the relationship between hyperuricemia and AMI.