唾液白细胞介素-33、抗唾液腺蛋白1抗体水平与原发性干燥综合征唾液腺损伤的相关性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.12.016

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the correlation between salivary interleukin-33 （IL-33） and anti-salivary gland protein 1 （SP-1） antibody levels and salivary gland injury in primary Sjogren's syndrome （pSS）. Methods A total of 91 patients with pSS admitted to Yixing People's Hospital from March 2020 to January 2025 were recruited as the observation group. Meanwhile， 42 healthy individuals who were matched for gender and age and visited the same hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The levels of IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies in saliva， along with clinical data， were compared between the observation group and the control group. Additionally， the levels of IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies in saliva were compared among patients with different salivary gland ultrasound （SGUS） scores. Moreover， the correlations between the levels of IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies in saliva of pSS patients and saliva flow rate， clinical indicators， and SGUS scores were analyzed. Results The levels of IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The dynamic saliva flow rate and static saliva flow rate in the observation group were notably lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）， while the neutrophil count， CD4⁺ cell count， and immunoglobulin G（IgG） levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. In patients with a submandibular gland Sj?gren's Ultrasound Scoring （SGUS） score ≥ 2， the levels of salivary IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies were significantly higher than those in patients with a submandibular gland SGUS score < 2 （P < 0.05）. Similarly， in patients with a parotid gland SGUS score ≥2， the levels of salivary IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies were significantly higher than those in patients with a parotid SGUS score < 2 （P < 0.05）. Correlation analysis indicated that the levels of IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies in the saliva of pSS patients were positively correlated with the dynamic saliva flow rate， static saliva flow rate， CD4⁺ cell count， and SGUS score （P < 0.05）. However， the levels of IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies in the saliva of pSS patients were not correlated with the IgG level and neutrophil count （P > 0.05）. Conclusions The levels of IL-33 and anti-SP-1 antibodies in saliva are positively correlated with the saliva flow rate， CD4⁺ cell count， and SGUS score in pSS patients. These findings suggest that these factors can serve as valuable indicators for evaluating salivary gland injury in pSS patients.

Key words: interleukin-33, anti-salivary gland protein 1 antibody, primary Sjogren's syndrome, salivary gland injury, correlation

CLC Number:

R446.19

Jiaxin YAN,Yiwen SHI. The correlation between salivary IL⁃33， anti⁃salivary gland protein⁃1 antibody levels and salivary gland injury in primary Sjogren′s syndrome[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2025, 41(12): 1879-1884.

Figures/Tables 6

Tab.1

Tab.2

Comparison of the clinical data of the observation and control groups"

临床资料	观察组（n = 91）	对照组（n = 42）	t/ $χ 2$ 值	P值
性别/［例（%）］			0.009	0.925
男	4（4.40）	2（4.76）
女	87（95.60）	40（95.24）
年龄/岁	46.72 ± 8.53	46.13 ± 8.97	0.365	0.716
病程/年	4.78 ± 0.76	-	-	-
动态唾液流速/（mL/min）	0.54 ± 0.11	1.37 ± 0.28	24.549	< 0.001
静态唾液流速/（mL/min）	0.13 ± 0.04	0.69 ± 0.17	20.008	< 0.001
颌下腺SGUS评分≥ 2分/［例（%）］	50（54.95）	0（0.00）	-	-
腮腺SGUS评分≥ 2分/［例（%）］	55（60.44）	0（0.00）	-	-
IgG/（g/L）	28.41 ± 5.78	18.67 ± 4.32	10.822	< 0.001
补体C4/（g/L）	0.20 ± 0.05	0.21 ± 0.06	1.005	0.317
补体C3/（g/L）	0.92 ± 0.17	0.94 ± 0.19	0.607	0.545
淋巴细胞计数/（个/μL）	1 225.41 ± 138.57	1 243.26 ± 140.89	0.687	0.493
NK细胞计数/（个/μL）	121.37 ± 14.85	126.83 ± 15.74	1.934	0.055
中性粒细胞计数/（个/μL）	2 767.41 ± 386.23	1 213.08 ± 179.56	24.834	< 0.001
CD8⁺ T细胞计数/（个/μL）	421.03 ± 45.89	425.34 ± 46.37	0.502	0.617
单核细胞计数/（个/μL）	321.06 ± 33.79	317.13 ± 32.14	0.633	0.528
CD4⁺细胞计数/（个/μL）	361.08 ± 38.45	302.13 ± 31.18	8.698	< 0.001

Tab.2

Tab.3

Tab.4

Tab.5

Tab.6

References 27

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组别	样本量	唾液IL-33/ （pg/mL）	抗SP-1抗体/ （U/mL）
对照组	42	68.21 ± 7.24	2.32 ± 0.40
观察组	91	97.43 ± 10.57	7.85 ± 1.73
t值		16.228	20.426
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001

组别	样本量	唾液IL-33/（pg/mL）	抗SP-1抗体/（U/mL）
颌下腺SGUS评分< 2分	41	86.32 ± 9.25	6.14 ± 1.18
颌下腺SGUS评分≥ 2分	50	118.23 ± 11.72	9.25 ± 1.86
t值		14.180	9.279
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001

组别	样本量	唾液IL-33/（pg/mL）	抗SP-1抗体/（U/mL）
腮腺SGUS评分< 2分	36	91.91 ± 9.39	6.28 ± 1.09
腮腺SGUS评分≥ 2分	55	101.04 ± 11.38	8.88 ± 1.74
t值		4.002	7.990
P值		< 0.001	< 0.001

指标	唾液IL-33		抗SP-1抗体
指标	r值	P值	r值	P值
动态唾液流速	0.565	< 0.001	0.551	< 0.001
静态唾液流速	0.524	< 0.001	0.530	< 0.001
IgG	0.317	0.087	0.265	0.123
中性粒细胞计数	0.271	0.119	0.220	0.257
CD4⁺细胞计数	0.476	0.005	0.461	0.003
SGUS评分	0.574	< 0.001	0.627	< 0.001

因素	b	Sb	Wald χ²	P值	OR	95%CI
液IL-33	1.258	0.324	15.075	< 0.001	3.518	1.203 ~ 10.294
抗SP-1抗体	1.376	0.431	10.193	< 0.001	3.959	1.353 ~ 11.583

The correlation between salivary IL⁃33， anti⁃salivary gland protein⁃1 antibody levels and salivary gland injury in primary Sjogren′s syndrome

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