Objective To retrospectively analyze the medium ⁃term effects of bone cement vertebral gap leakage on the clinical efficacy and the disc height and angle during percutaneous vertebroplasty. Methods 76 patients with osteoporosis compressive fracture admitted to our hospital were divided into a leakage group（n = 36）and a leakage⁃free group（n = 40）. The VAS and ODI scores were assessed in each patient during hospitalization and final follow⁃up. The height of the anterior，central，and posterior edges of vertebral gap，and the Cobb angle of the impaired vertebral segments were measured，and the total height of the vertebral gap was calculated. The difference in the indexes was compared in each group，the differences of the height，Cobb angle，VAS and ODI were then calculated before and after follow⁃up，the differences between the two groups were compared. Results Paired t⁃test indicated that there were no statistical differences in vertebral gap height，Cobb angle，VAS and ODI scores before and after follow⁃up in both groups. Independent sample t⁃test showed that there were no statistical differences in the difference of total height of the gap，Cobb angle，VAS and ODI between the two groups. Conclusions Bone cement vertebral gap leakage during percutaneous vertebroplasty did not lead to a marked postoperative medium ⁃term change in the disc height and angle and the clinical efficacy.