Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with melanoma， but primary and acquired resistance have led to a bottleneck in treatment. The binding of T-cell receptors to tumor antigens is the key point for immunotherapy. Neoantigens are newly formed antigens generated by tumor cells as a result of various tumor-specific alterations. Neoantigens， identifiable as foreign entities， have the capacity to initiate an immune response unfettered by central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms. This distinctive characteristic renders them highly promising targets in the realm of cancer therapy. Vaccines targeting tumor neoantigens， adoptive cell transfer， and antibody-based therapies can effectively enhance and expand tumor-specific immune responses， promoting T-cell recognition and elimination of tumors， thereby breaking through current treatment bottlenecks. This article discusses the current status， recent advancements， clinical challenges， and future directions in the personalized treatment of melanoma based on neoantigens.

Atrial fibrillation （AF） is one of the most common arrhythmias in clinical practice， with a high rate of death and disability. In recent years， with the help of catheter ablation and other techniques， some patients can maintain sinus rhythm， achieving the goal of eradicating AF. However， the recurrence rate of atrial arrhythmias after the first radiofrequency ablation is still around 20% to 30% at present， and the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for AF has not yet reached the expected level. Exploring the risk factors for recurrence after ablation， intervening and continuously and improving the catheter ablation procedure are extremely important for reducing the risk of recurrence. This article reviews the latest research progress on the recurrence of atrial arrhythmias after catheter ablation for AF.

Objective The objective of this study is to examine the expression level of the S100A7A protein in both gastric cancer tissues and cells， as well as to evaluate its impact on the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer （GC） cells. Methods Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression characteristics of S100A7A in 21 gastric cancer tissues and their corresponding paracancerous tissues， as well as to investigate its correlation with gastric cancer clinicopathological factors. Gastric cancer cells were genetically modified to overexpress S100A7A through plasmid transfection. Subsequently， the impact of S100A7A on the proliferation， migration， and invasion capacities of gastric cancer cells was assessed using cell proliferation assays （EdU assay and plate cloning assay） as well as cell migration and invasion assays （Transwell assay and scratch assay）. Results The expression of S100A7A protein was higher in GC tissues than in paracancerous tissues； Overexpression of S100A7A may increase gastric cancer cell proliferation， migration， and invasion. Conclusion S100A7A is a possible oncogene in GC and is predicted to serve as a new diagnostic and therapeutic target for the disease.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of Rho-related GTP-binding protein F （RhoF）-mediated Th17 polarization in the development of severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）. Methods RhoF transgenic mice were randomly divided into control group （n = 10）， SAP group （n = 10） and SAP+Y-27632 group （n = 10）， and WT mice were randomly divided into control group （n = 10）， SAP group （n = 10） and SAP+Y-27632 group （n = 10）. SAP models were established in all groups except the control group. The SAP+Y-27632 group was infused with Y-27632 via tail vein after model establishment. T cells in mouse blood samples were isolated for RhoF， p-MYPT1 protein detection and ROCK activity determination， and the percentage of lymphoid CD4⁺T cells producing IL-17 was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The expression of RhoF and p-MYPT1 was increased in T cells in the SAP group compared with that in the control group （P < 0.01）， and the level of RhoF was closely correlated with that of p-MYPT1 （P = 0.018）. The expression of RhoF protein level in T cells of mice in the RhoF group increased by approximately 30% compared to that in the WT group， and the level of spontaneous IL-17 production by CD4⁺ T cells was significantly increased （P = 0.003）. Compared with WT mice， the histological score of pancreatic injury， the expression of RhoF and p-MYPT1 in T cells， the number of IL-17⁺ T cells and serum IL-17 level in RhoF transgenic mice were significantly increased （P < 0.05）. The histological score， RhoF and p-MYPT1 expression of T cells， IL-17⁺ T cell numbers and serum IL-17 level were significantly lower in the SAP+Y-27632 group than those in the SAP group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion RhoF/ROCK signaling pathway-mediated polarization of Th17 cells is involved in the pathogenesis of SAP.

Objective To investigate the effect of proanthocyanidins （PC） on the neurite outgrowth of rat dorsal root ganglion （DRG） neurons. Methods In vitro， primary rat DRG neurons were cultured wtih a series of concenteation of PC to assess the effect of PC on the number and length of neurites as well as the morphology of growth cone. In vivo， the expression of growth associated protein 43 （GAP43） in the early stage of injury was detected using the sciatic nerve crush model. Finally， the impact of PC on nerve growth factor （NGF） expression in DRG neurons was evaluated in vitro using immunofluorescence and ELISA. Results PC significantly increased the number and length of neurites and the number of pseudopodium in growth cones of DRG neurons. PC also promoted the expression of GAP43 in the early stage of sciatic nerve injury in rats and enhanced the expression of NGF in DRG neurons. Conclusion PC may promote the neurite outgrowth by increasing the expression of NGF in DRG neurons.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy combined withsurface electromyography biofeedback training （ESW-sEMGBF） on post-traumatic elbow joint stiffness. Methods A total of 80 patients with post-traumatic elbow stiffness admitted to the Rehabilitation Department of Hangzhou Fuyang Hospital of Orthopedics of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2021 were randomly assigned into control group （n = 40） and treatment group （n = 40） using a lottery method. The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment （including soft tissue release， joint mobilization， continuous passive motion and cold therapy）， and the treatment group received conventional treatment combined with ESW-sEMGBF. Both groups underwent training once daily for five days a week over eight weeks. The visual analogue scale （VAS）， active range of motion （AROM） of the elbow joint， and Mayo Elbow Performance Score （MEPS） were evaluated before and after treatment. Results After 8 weeks of treatment， significant improvements were observed in all outcomes for both groups. The treatment group showed better improvements in VAS scores， AROM， and MEPS after treatment compared with the control group （P < 0.05，P < 0.001，P < 0.001）. No side effects or adverse reactions were observed in either group after treatment. Conclusion Extracorporeal shock wave therapy combined with surface electromyography biofeedback training effectively alleviated pain in patients with post-traumatic elbow joint stiffness， improved elbow joint function， and increased active range of motion of the elbow joint.

Objective To investigate the perioperative analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided bilateral thoracolumbar interfascial plane block （TLIPB） in patients with discogenic low back pain （DLBP） undergoing percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy （PTED）. Methods Fifty-seven patients with discogenic low back pain admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2022 to April 2022 were randomly divided into group A （control group）with 28 patients and group B （ultrasound-guided bilateral thoracolumbar interfascialinterfacial plane block group） with 29 patients. The differences of visual analogue scale （VAS） at rest and turning over were compared between the two groups preoperative （t₀）， 2 hours postoperative （t₁）， 6 hours postoperative （t₂）， 12 hours postoperative （t₃） and 24 hours postoperative （t₄）. The differences of quality of recovery-15 scores （QoR-15） were compared between the two groups preoperative and 24 hours postoperative. The changes of mean arterial pressure （MAP） and heart rate （HR） were compared between the two groups after entering the operating room （T₀）， at the time of skin incision （T₁）， at the time of foraminoplasty （T₂）， at the time of the most severe pain recognized by the surgeon （T₃）， and at the end of the operation （T₄）.Adverse events were recorded during the operation and within 24 hours postoperative. Results All patients successfully completed the operation and ultrasound-guided bilateral TLIPB， without intervertebral space infection， spinal cord， nerve root and vascular injury， and serious complications such as nausea and vomiting. VAS scores at rest and turning over and QoR-15 scores at 24 hours postoperative were significantly lower than preoperative in the two groups （P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups at rest at preoperative and postoperative time points （P > 0.05）. There were significant differences in VAS scores at 2 hours， 6 hours and 12 hours postoperative between the two groups （P < 0.05）. There were significant difference in QoR-15 scores between the two groups at preoperative and 24 hours postoperative （P > 0.05）. There was a significant difference in QoR-15 scores between the two groups at 24 hours postoperative （P > 0.05）. There were significant differences in MAP and HR between the two groups at the time of foraminoplasty （T₂） and at the time of the most severe pain recognized by the surgeon （T₃）（P< 0.05）. Conclusions Ultrasound-guided bilateral thoracolumbar interfascial plane block can effectively relieve the pain after PTED， reduce the occurrence of perioperative stress response and adverse events， accelerate the postoperative rehabilitation of patients， and shorten the postoperative duration of hospitalization.

Objective To analyze changes in neuromuscular control during sit-to-stand （STS） in older adults with hallux valgus （HV） through muscle synergy， and thus to explore the effect of falls in older adults with HV. Methods Four groups of subjects were included in this study， 13 young controls （YC）； 12 young HVgroup （HVY）； 14 healthy elderly controls （EC）； and 15 elderly HV group （HVE）. All subjects completed the STS maneuver in an armless chair， and EMG data were integrated using non-negative matrix factorization to compare muscle synergies in the YC， HVY， EC， and HVE groups； plantar pressures （COP）， ground reaction forces （GRF）， and fall scores （FES-I） were collected. Results Compared with YC group， HVY， EC， and HVE groups had lower relative activation amplitude of abductor hallucis and lateral gastrocnemius in STS preparation phase； meanwhile， EC and HVE groups needed more muscle activation to maintain stability of trunk and foot-ankle joints in STS stabilization phase； and HVE group needed more co-contractions of thigh muscles to maintain stability of the knee joint. The COP， FES-I of HVE group was higher than that of the other groups （P < 0.05）. Conclusion In STS， healthy older adults and older adults with HV required more muscle activation to maintain trunk and ankle stability； older adults with HV required more co-contraction of the thigh muscles to maintain knee stability； in addition to this， older adults with HV were more prone to falls.

Objective To investigate the correlations microRNA-203a-3p （miR-203a-3p） and paired allographic box protein 2B （PHOX2B） expression levels in glioma tissues with clinical features and prognosis. Methods Ninety-six glioma patients admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to April 2020 were included in the study. The resected glioma tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues from the patients were collected intraoperatively. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were conducted to detect the expression of miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA in glioma tissues and paracancerous groups. Pearson's method was used to analyze the correlation between miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the correlations of miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA with the prognosis of glioma patients. COX regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients. Results The miR-203a-3p level and positive expression rate of glioma tissues were significantly lower than that of paracancerous tissues （P < 0.05）， and the PHOX2B mRNA level and positive expression rate were significantly higher than that of paracancerous tissues （P < 0.05）. By Pearson correlation analysis， the miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B mRNA levels of glioma patients were negatively correlated （P < 0.05）. miR-203a-3p and PHOX2B were associated with KPS score， tumor tissue necrosis， and WHO grading （P < 0.05）. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis yielded the results that the survival rate of the miR-203a-3p highly expressed group was significantly higher than that of the lowly expressed group （P < 0.05）， and the survival rate of the PHOX2B mRNA highly expressed group was significantly lower than that of the lowly expressed group （P < 0.05）. COX regression analysis showed that miR-203a-3p， PHOX2B mRNA， tumor tissue necrosis， and WHO grading were the risk factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The expression level of miR-203a-3p is obviously reduced and the expression level of PHOX2B mRNA is obviously increased in glioma， both showing close correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis.

Objective To compare different treatment methods for patients with gastric calculi and provide data support for clinical treatment. Methods A total of 197 patients diagnosed with gastric calculi by gastroscopy at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University and Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from July 2013 to January 2024 were enrolled. The study collected general information and other data of the patients， and divided them into groups based on the selected treatment method using a real-world research approach. The subjects were divided into four groups： drug conservative treatment group， endoscopic homemade snare treatment group， disposable snare treatment group， and stone fragmentation treatment group. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance. Results Gastric calculi were more common in men， with an average age of （55.45±14.21）. 85.3% of the patients had a history of eating persimmon， 86.3% had ulcers， and 65.9% were located in the gastric angle. The self-made snare group had the lowest treatment cost， while the stone fragmentation group had the highest. There was no significant difference in the remission time of clinical symptoms among the three endoscopic treatment methods. The self-made snare had the highest patient satisfaction， but the drug combined with carbonated beverage group had the longest remission time of clinical symptoms and the lowest patient satisfaction. The frequency and duration of endoscopic treatment of dark green gastric stones were significantly higher than those of mottled and golden yellow gastric stones. Conclusion When treating patients with gastric stones， it is important to consider the size and color of the stone， as well as the patient's preferences. Patients should be fully informed about their condition and the advantages of different treatments. For patients with larger stones （about 5 cm）， endoscopic snare treatment is recommended as the first choice.

Objective To explore the difference in left ventricular reverse remodeling （LVRR） between coarctation of aorta （CoA） complicated by bicuspid aortic valve （BAV） and that by tricuspid aortic valve （TAV） after percutaneous intervention. Methods The clinical data on 47 patients undergoing percutaneous balloon dilation and stent implantation due to CoA in Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2014 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the preoperative imaging data， there were 18 patients with BAVA and 29 with TAV. The results of echocardiography before and one year after the procedure were compared. Results CoA Vmax， CoA PG， LVEDd， LVEDdi， LVM and LVMI were significantly improved in CoA patients one year after percutaneous intervention， and 23.4% of the patients developed left ventricular reverse remodeling. AV Vmax， AV PG and LVEDdi in the patients with BAV were higher than those in the TAV group （P = 0.005 and P = 0.007； P = 0.03）， and the rate of left ventricular reverse remodeling in BAV patients was lower than that in TAV patients， but there was no statistical significance. Multivariate analysis did not find any influence factors affecting left ventricular reverse remodeling one year after the procedure. Conclusions Part of the CoA patients develops left ventricular remodeling reversal one year after percutaneous intervention. LVRR in patients with BAV is lower than that in those with TAV， which still needs further clinical research.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of pregnancy outcome after re-pregnancy in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion based on ultrasound endometrial receptability parameters and lymphocyte immunophenotype. Methods A total of 166 re-pregnant patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion admitted to Nantong Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April to August 2022 were included in the study. According to the pregnancy outcome， the patients were divided into the delivery group and the abortion group. The endometrial receptability parameters and peripheral blood T lymphocytes were detected to screen the influencing factors of abortion. Results Among 166 patients， 102 cases （61.45%） had successful delivery and 64 cases （38.55%） had abortion again. The delivery group showed thicker endometrial thickness， larger endometrial volume， and higher VFI， but lower CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ compared to the abortion group （P < 0.05）. CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ were observed to be the risk factors for pregnancy failure （P < 0.05）， and endometrial thickness， endometrial volume， and vascularized flow index （VFI） were found to be the protective factors for pregnancy failure （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The pregnancy outcome of patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion is related to endometrial thickness， endometrial volume， VFI， CD4⁺， and CD4⁺/CD8⁺.

Objective To investigate the serum levels of angiopoietin-like protein-3 （ANGPTL3） and nuclear factor of active T cells cytoplasmic 1 （NFATc1） in patients with cerebral infarction， and their relationship with the severity and prognosis of the disease. Methods A total of 180 patients with cerebral infarction set as cerebral infarction group who underwent treatment in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were collected as research subjects. According to the NIHSS score， the patients were divided into mild group （n = 68）， moderate group （n = 76）， and severe group （n = 36）， respectively. According to the mRS Score， they were divided into a good prognosis group （n = 117） and a poor prognosis group （n = 63）. Another 180 healthy people were enrolled as the control group. The levels of serum ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 were compared among the groups. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis in the patients with cerebral infarction. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 on the prognosis of the patients with cerebral infarction. Results The serum levels of ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The levels of serum ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 were significantly increased in an ascending order across the mild， moderate， and severe groups （P < 0.05）. The volume of cerebral infarction， white blood cell count， ANGPTL3， and NFATc1 levels in the patients with poor prognosis were significantly higher than those in the patients with good prognosis （P < 0.05）. Regression analysis showed that cerebral infarction volume， white blood cell count， ANGPTL3， and NFATc1 were the influencing factors of the prognosis of cerebral infarction patients （P < 0.05）. The levels of ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 together were more effective than they were alone in predicting the prognosis of the patients with cerebral infarction （Z _{combined detection - ANGPTL3} = 3.345， Z_{combined detection - NFATc1} = 2.898； P = 0.001， 0.004）. Conclusion The serum levels of ANGPTL3 and NFATc1 in patients with cerebral infarction are significantly increased， with the increase amplitude depending on the severity of the condition. ANGPTL3 and NFATc1， when combined， are more effective and valuable for predicting the prognosis of cerebral infarction patients.

Objective To observe the changes of memory function in patients with mild traumatic brain injury （mTBI）， and to explore the correlation between functional connection （FC） changes and montreal cognitive assessment （MoCA） scale scores in the mTBI cohort. Methods Thirty?nine patients with acute mTBI and 39 healthy controls were prospectively collected. All subjects underwent rs?fMRI scans， and FC values were calculated in both groups. Results Compared with healthy controls， the FC of the left posterior cingulate cortex， the left cuneus and the right calcarine fissure were enhanced. The FC of the left orbital superior frontal gyrus with the right superior temporal gyrus and the right postcentral gyrus was enhanced， and the FC of the right parahippocampal gyrus with the right medial and lateral cingulate gyrus， right thalamus and right caudate nucleus was weakened. Correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between MoCA scale score and FC based on DMN network nodes. Conclusion The DMN network was damaged in patients with acute mTBI， and the memory function was impaired. In addition， no correlation was found between FC abnormalities and MoCA scale scores in this study

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Niaoduqing Granule combined with Febusta in the treatment of renal damage in patients with hyperuricemia （HUA）. Methods Eighty-two HUA patients with renal damage in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were divided into observation group （n = 41） and control group （n = 41）. The control group was treated with Febusta， while observation group with Niaoduqing granule and Febusta. Two groups were treated for 12 weeks. Blood uric acid， renal function， Cys C and β2-MG level change and adverse reactions in the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than in the control group （P < 0.05）. After treatment， the level of serum uric acid， BUN， Scr， 24h Upro， Cys C and β2-MG decreased in the two groups （P < 0.05）， with more significant results in the observation group （P < 0.05）. No obvious adverse reactions were observed in the two groups. Conclusion Niaoduqing Granule combined with Febusta has good effect in treating HUA patients with renal impairment. It reduces the level of blood uric acid， Cys C and β2-MG， which protect the renal function of patients，

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on renal function in patients with septic?associated acute kidney injury （SAKI）. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in 180 patients with sepsis admitted to ICU in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University from October 2021 to April 2023. According to the principle of randomized controlled trials， 60 non? acute kidney injury （AKI） patients were divided into S?D group （n = 30， dexmedetomidine + conventional treatment） and S group （n = 30， conventional treatment）， and the occurrence and disease score of AKI after treatment were compared between the two groups. A total of 120 AKI patients were divided into SA?D?RT group （n = 30， dexmedetomidine + blood purification + conventional treatment）， SA?D group （n = 30， dexmedetomidine + conventional treatment）， SA?RT group （n = 30， blood purification + conventional treatment） and SA group （n = 30， conventional treatment）. Renal function， inflammatory factor level and disease change of the four groups were compared after treatment. Results After treatment， the incidence of AKI in S?D group was lower than that in S group， and the APACHEII score and SOFA score in S?D group were lower than those in S group on the 7th day after treatment （P < 0.05）. After 7 days of treatment， the level of Scr， BUN and CysC in the 4 groups was significantly lower than that on the 1st and 3rd day， and those in the SA?D?RT group were lower than those in the SA?D group， SA?RT group and SA group （P < 0.05）. After 7 days of treatment， the level of CRP， PCT， TNF?α， IL?6 and IL?1β in four groups was significantly decreased compared with on the 1st and 3rd day， and the level of CRP， PCT， TNF?α， IL?6 and IL?1β in SA?D?RT group was lower than that in SA?D group， SA?RT group and SA group （P < 0.05）. After 7 days of treatment， the APACHEII score and SOFA score of the four groups were significantly lower than on the 1st and 3rd day， and the scores of the SA?D group were lower than those of the SA?D group， the SA?RT group and the SA group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can effectively reduce the incidence of AKI， affect the expression level of renal function markers and inflammatory factors in serum of SAKI patients， and improve the condition of patients.

Objective To compare the bone mineral density and age?related bone loss rate of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae using quantitative CT（QCT）， and to explore the feasibility of measuring bone density and bone loss rate using thoracic QCT. Methods A total of 708 patients who underwent full abdominal CT scans due to trauma， acute abdominal disease， and health examination from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected. The average BMD of T10 to L3 vertebral bodies were measured using quantitative CT software. The subjects were divided into several age groups according to the age of every 10 years. The average bone density and the age?related annual rate of bone density loss of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae for each group were computed， the correlation analysis between thoracic and lumbar BMD and age was conducted using Pearson correlation analysis. Results The peak BMD for both males and females was in the 20 to 29 years age group. After the age of 30， the bone density of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae began to decrease to varying degrees. For females aged 80 to 89， the cumulative bone loss rate for the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae was 60.61% and 61.34%， respectively， while for males， it was 44.45% and 49.35%， respectively. The BMD of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae in both males and females showed a negative correlation with age （P < 0.01）. There was a significant positive correlation between the bone mineral density of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae （for males， r = 0.96； for females， r = 0.98； P < 0.01）. Conclusion Both thoracic and lumbar QCT accurately displayed BMD and bone loss in different age groups， and thoracic QCT could be used as a method for evaluating and monitoring bone loss.

Objective To assess the prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium （MG） in patients attending sexually transmitted disease （STD） clinic in Guangzhou， and to provide an epidemiological foundation for clinical treatment and laboratory diagnostics. Methods Utilizing real?time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）， we analyzed MG DNA in 2，749 clinical specimens collected from 2，722 outpatients in the Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from July 2019 to December 2021. Concurrent testing for MG， Chlamydia trachomatis（CT）， and Neisseria gonorrhoeae （NG） was performed on 2，382 of these specimens. Patient data extracted from medical records were used to investigate the correlation between STD symptoms and MG infection. Results The investigation revealed that the overall prevalence of MG infection was 4.4 % among the sampled patients （120 out of 2，722）， with a higher prevalence in males （4.9 %， or 87 out of 1，790） compared to in females （3.5 %， or 33 out of 932）. Notably， the prevalence decreased with increasing age. The highest incidence of MG infection was observed in females aged 18 ~ 25 years （6.4 %， or 18 out of 281）， while the lowest was in males aged 46 years and above （1.5 %， or 5 out of 342）， showing a statistically significant variation across age groups （P < 0.05）. Among males with urethritis symptoms， MG positive rate was significantly higher at 7.3 % （42 out of 574）. The rate of single MG infection was prominent， accounting for 89.9 % （71 out of 79） in MG?positive male patients and 61.5 % （16 out of 26） in MG?positive female patients. Co?infection rate of MG with CT was 1.2 % in females and 0.3 % in males， indicating a significant difference （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The findings suggest a relatively high prevalence of MG infection and co?infection with CT among STD clinic attendees in Guangzhou， particularly in the younger demographic. The study underscores the need for early screening and vigilant surveillance of MG to mitigate its transmission among sexually active populations at high risk.

Objective To study EBV infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening population in Guangzhou and analyze the influencing factors. Methods The data of individuals （aged 20 years and above） having EBV antibody of VCA-IgA and NA1-IgA test in Guangzhou Cadre and Talent Health Management Centerwere collected. Current status of EBV infection was studied and its influencing factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 55 311 subjects were screened， including 35 429 males （64.05%） and 19，882 females （35.95%）.The overall EBV infection rate was 8.00%. There was no significant differences in the infection rate between different sex groups（P > 0.05）. The infection rate of EBV increased with age， with infection rate of 7.07% in individuals aged 20 ~ 39 years， 7.86% in those aged 40 ~ 59 years，10.11 % in those of 60 ~ 79 years old， and 10.99% in those aged ≥ 80 years， showing statistical significance（χ² = 85.487，P < 0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that EBV infection risk increased significantly with advancing age. The odds of EBV infection in individuals aged 40 ~ 59 years were 10.6% higher compared to those aged 20 ~ 39 years （OR = 1.106， 95% CI： 1.028 ~ 1.190）. The odds of EBV infection in individuals aged 60 ~ 79 years were 42.2% higher compared to those aged 20 ~ 39 years （OR = 1.422， 95% CI： 1.288 ~ 1.569）. Furthermore， the odds of EBV infection in individuals aged ≥ 80 years were 53.1% higher compared to those aged 20 ~ 39 years （OR = 1.531， 95% CI： 1.230 ~ 1.906）.A prior diagnosis of hypertension significantly increased the odds of EBV infection （OR = 1.105， 95%CI： 1.003 ~1.218）. However， diabetes history exerted no influence on the outcome of EBV infection（P > 0.05）. Conclusions The overall infection rate of EBV in Guangzhou is 8.00%. Advanced age and hypertension history are the risk factors of EBV. The screening and prevention and control of EBV susceptible people should be strengthened.

Objective To establish a new program of blood cell processing apparatus（NGL-BBS） for the preparation of washed mixed plateletsand to study the effect on biological activity of platelets compared with traditional manual method. Methods Mixed concentrated platelets were separated and prepared from whole blood by white membrane method. Blood cell processing apparatus with new program set（experimental group） and manual method （control group） was used for thepreparation of washed mixed platelets. The expression rate of CD62P and CD63 in the two groups of washed mixed platelets was compared by flow-cytometry. Thrombus elastography （TEG） was used to measure and compare the MA value between the two groups. Results The expression rate of CD62P and CD63 in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group（t = 4.11，P < 0.01； t = 10.78，P < 0.01）. TheTEG MA valueof the experimental group was higher than that of the control group（t = 6.67，P < 0.01）. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that the use of NGL-BBS for the preparation of washed mixed platelets has a lesser impact on biological activity compared to manual preparation methods.

Gap junction proteins have a significant impact on the propagation of neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia. Connexin 43 （Cx43）， the principal connexin in the central nervous system， typically assembles hexameric hemichannels in an oligomeric state that dock with hemichannels on adjacent cells to form gap junction channels. Ordinarily， the likelihood of cell surface hemichannels opening is minimal. However， during cerebral ischemia， the excessive activation of Cx43 hemichannels leads to the liberation of a substantial quantity of ions （Na⁺， Cl^-， Ca²⁺， and K⁺）， glutamate， aspartate， and adenosine triphosphate （ATP）， thereby resulting in impairment of adjacent cells and aggravation of neuronal injury. Furthermore， the activation of Cx43 hemichannels triggers the release of inflammatory factors， which exhibits a strong association with the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome after cerebral ischemia. Hence， the modulation of Cx43 hemichannels presents a potential avenue for mitigating neuroinflammation and subsequently diminishing cerebral ischemic injury. This article focuses on the relationship between Cx43 hemichannels and NLRP3 inflammasome activation， as well as its role in cerebral ischemia， all of which provide novel insights and therapeutic approaches for managing cerebral ischemia.

Neuroimaging is increasingly widely used in the field of ADHD research， and more and more studies have shown that ADHD patients have structural abnormalities such as reduced cortical volume， thinning thickness， and reduced surface area， which are related to complex clinical symptoms and abnormal brain function in patients. However， the use of neuroimaging to identify biomarkers as an objective diagnostic tool for ADHD still faces many challenges. Multimodal studies can be used to explore the relationship between the structure and function of different brain regions in ADHD patients， and to use neuroimaging to reveal the mechanism of the evolution of clinical symptoms in the whole life cycle of ADHD patients.

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome （OSAS） is a disease characterized by intermittent complete or partial upper airway obstruction accompanied by hypoxemia during sleep and is a common cause of difficult intubation. Patients with confirmed or highly suspected OSAS are usually at higher risk for difficult airways. Prediction of difficult airway in OSAS patients is of great significance to prevent perioperative adverse events. The current assessment tools for difficult airways are varied and evaluated inconsistently. In this article， we provide an overview of the various types of predictors of difficult intubation in OSAS and summarize the new trends in the prediction of difficult intubation to help anesthesiologists make accurate preoperative assessments.

Alzheimer's disease （AD） is a common neurological degenerative disease. Collapsin response mediator protein2（CRMP2） plays an important role in the progression of AD. Hyperphosphorylation of CRMP2 results in decreased stability of axonal terminal microtubules and abnormal axoplasmic transport of neurons， which leads to abnormal mitochondrial dynamics of neurons， inhibits the ability of lysosomal autophagy， and leads to excessive activation of NMDA receptors. The phosphorylation of CRMP2 provides a new idea for AD drug development. In this review， the molecular mechanisms of CRMP2 involved in AD are reviewed， which can provide references for the development of targeted drugs.