Lung cancer is becoming more common，and it is the leading cause of cancer deaths.Obesity has long been regarded as one of the most serious health issues.There are various methods of measuring visceral fat，each of which exists advantages and disadvantages. Visceral fat can provide a more accurate representation of fat distribution in patients. More and more evidence shows that visceral fat is closely related to the occurrence and development of solid tumors including lung cancer. People who have a lot of visceral fat are more likely to get lung cancer.High visceral fat levels can promote the occurrence and progression of lung cancer and have an impact on patients′ prognoses. Lung cancer patients with high visceral fat have better chemotherapy tolerance，higher immuno⁃therapy efficacy，and more immunotherapy ⁃ relatedside effects. Paying attention to patients′ nutritional status will benefit their treatment during the anti ⁃tumor therapy process. For the first time，the article reviewed the last ten years of literature on the relationship between visceral fat and lung cancer.