实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 3222-3228.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.17.022

• 论著·机制与实践 • 上一篇    下一篇

序贯培养液与一步式培养液对早期胚胎发育影响的同胞卵对照研究

王余江, 樊琳, 朱海瑛, 张曦倩, 刘风华()   

  1. 广东省妇幼保健院生殖医学中心 (广东 广州 511400 )
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-27 出版日期:2026-09-10 发布日期:2026-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 刘风华
  • 基金资助:
    广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2026A1515011154); 广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2026503); 广州市校(院)联合资助专题项目(2025A03J4282)

Comparison of sequential and single-step culture media on early embryo development: A sibling oocyte study

Yujiang Wang, Lin Fan, Haiying Zhu, Xiqian Zhang, Fenghua Liu()   

  1. Department of Reproductive Medical Center,Guangdong Women and Children Hospital,Guangzhou 511400,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2026-05-27 Online:2026-09-10 Published:2026-10-10
  • Contact: Fenghua Liu
  • About author:

    Wang Yujiang performed the experiments and wrote the article. Fan lin performed the experiments. Zhu Haiying and Zhang Xiqian revised the article. Liu Fenghua designed the study and reviewed the article. All authors read and approved the final manuscript as submitted.

摘要:

目的 比较序贯培养液与一步式培养液在体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射(IVF/ICSI)早期胚胎发育中的应用效果,并评估不同配方一步式培养液对胚胎发育的影响差异。 方法 回顾性分析2025年6—12月行IVF/ICSI助孕、单周期获卵数≥ 10枚的259例患者,共3 578枚成熟卵母细胞。采用同胞姐妹卵对照设计,将同一患者的卵母细胞随机分为序贯培养液组和一步式培养液组,后者按不同配方进一步分为6个亚组(OS-1组 ~ OS-6组)。比较两组及亚组间早期胚胎发育指标及第3天(Day 3)卵裂球融合情况。 结果 两组胚胎卵裂率、优质胚胎率、囊胚形成率、可利用囊胚率及临床妊娠率差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。一步式培养液组优质囊胚率低于序贯培养液组(31.36% vs. 39.80%,P < 0.001),Day 3卵裂球融合率高于序贯培养液组(6.69% vs. 3.55%,P < 0.001)。多因素分析显示,一步式培养液与优质囊胚获得率降低独立相关(OR = 0.700,95%CI:0.571 ~ 0.859,P < 0.001)。亚组分析:OS-1组Day 3可利用胚胎率降低(P = 0.003);OS-3组和OS-4组优质囊胚率降低(P = 0.004,P = 0.037);OS-5组Day 3优质胚胎率降低(P = 0.045)。OS-2组和OS-6组差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。 结论 一步式培养液总体可获得与序贯培养液相当的早期胚胎发育效果,但部分配方在优质囊胚率等方面略低,且Day 3卵裂球融合率较高,临床应用需个体化选择。

关键词: 体外受精, 胚胎培养液, 序贯培养, 一步式培养, 优质囊胚率, 卵裂球融合

Abstract:

Objective To compare the effects of sequential culture media and single-step culture media on early embryonic development in IVF/ICSI procedures, and to assess the differences between different single-step culture medium formulations. Methods This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 259 patients who obtained ≥10 retrieved oocytes per cycle between June and December 2025, with a total of 3,578 mature oocytes included. A sibling oocyte study design was adopted to compare early embryo development indicators and Day 3 blastomere fusion between the sequential culture medium group and the single-step culture medium group, where the latter was further divided into 6 subgroups: OS-1 to OS-6. Results No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in the 2PN cleavage rate, Day 3 good-quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, usable blastocyst rate, or clinical pregnancy rate (all P > 0.05). Compared with the sequential culture group, the single-step culture group exhibited a lower high-quality blastocyst rate (31.36% vs. 39.80%, P < 0.001) and a higher Day 3 cell fusion rate (6.69% vs. 3.55%, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that single-step culture medium was independently associated with decreased odds of obtaining high-quality blastocysts (OR = 0.700, 95%CI: 0.571-0.859, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis yielded the following results: the OS-1 subgroup presented a reduced Day 3 usable embryo rate (P = 0.003); the OS-3 and OS-4 subgroups showed decreased high-quality blastocyst rates (P = 0.004, P = 0.037 respectively); the OS-5 subgroup had a lower Day 3 good-quality embryo rate (P = 0.045). No statistically significant differences were detected between groups in the OS-2 and OS-6 subgroups(P > 0.05). Conclusions Single-step culture media generally yield comparable early embryonic development outcomes to sequential culture media. However, certain single-step formulations exhibit slightly lower rates of high-quality blastocyst formation alongside higher rates of Day 3 embryonic cell fusion, indicating that individualized medium selection is required in clinical practice.

Key words: in vitro fertilization, embryo culture medium, sequential culture, single-step culture, high-quality blastocyst rate, blastomere fusion

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