Scanning of energy spectral computed tomography（CT）on thyroid can reduce image artifacts， lower noise，and enhance contrast⁃to⁃noise ratio and signal⁃to⁃noise ratio. At the same time，it can also quantitatively analyze lesion characteristics and composition through multiple parameters，resulting in a significant improvement in diagnosis of thyroid cancer on CT. Medical artificial intelligence has been developing rapidly in recent years，and it fully highlights high ⁃sensitivity detection，high ⁃dimensional information mining，and high ⁃throughput computing capabilities in the aspects of CT image texture analysis，imaging quantitative feature extraction，and deep learning. Based on spectral CT，artificial intelligence⁃assisted analysis is expected to provide richer and more accurate charac⁃ teristic information for preoperative preparation for thyroid cancer. It can not only provide more reference value for early diagnosis of thyroid tumors and assessment of lymph node metastasis，but also offer a feasible way to assist effectively in clinical diagnosis and to achieve individualized prognosis prediction. Therefore，this article summarizes the current research and application of spectral CT diagnosis technology and artificial intelligence of thyroid cancer. 

Obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia are two common diseases with a higher prevalence in the population. When these two diseases co⁃exist，they will evolve into a new disease with its own morbidity characteris⁃ tics，increasing the overall severity of the disease. The treatment for the new disorder is more difficult than that for either of the two original diseases. This article summarizes the epidemiology，pathogenesis，clinical manifestations， treatments and influencing factors of obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia.

Objective To explore the effects of miR⁃496/DCUN1D1 axis on cervical cancer development to reveal the role of miR⁃496 in cervical cancer. Methods Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect DCUN1D1 expression in cervical cancer and normal adjacent tissues. QRT ⁃PCR was used to detect the expression of DCUN1D1 and miR ⁃496 in cervical cancer tissues of different stages. Target gene of miR ⁃ 496 was screened and verified. qRT⁃PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effects of miR⁃496 mimics on DCUN1D1 and CCK8 assay and Transwell the effects of miR⁃496 and DCUN1D1 on HeLa cell proliferation，migration and invasion. A nude mouse xenograft model of cervical cancer was constructed to examine the effects of miR⁃496 on tumor growth. Results The expression of miR⁃496 was lower in the cervical cancer tissues than in the para⁃carci⁃ noma tissues. The higher the clinical stage of cervical cancer，the higher the mRNA expression of DCUN1D1 and the lower the expression of miR⁃496（P < 0.05）. miR⁃496 could inhibit DCUN1D1 expression via binding to 3′⁃UTR of DCUN1D1. Protein and mRNA expression of DCUN1D1 in the miR ⁃496⁃overexpressed cells were significantly decreased（P < 0.05）. The proliferation，migration and invasion of HeLa cells were more significantly suppressed in miR⁃496 group than in the control group. The migration and invasion of HeLa cells were more significantly enhanced in the miR⁃496+DCUN1D1 group than in the mir⁃496 group（P < 0.05）. In the xenograft model of nude mice，miR⁃ 496 could down⁃regulate DCUN1D1 and inhibit the tumor growth（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Abnormal expression of miR ⁃496 and DCUN1D1 is related to the pathogenesis of cervical cancer，and miR ⁃496 suppresses the occur⁃ rence and development of cervical cancer by targeting DCUN1D1.

Objective To observe the improvement effect of ginsenoside Rb1（G⁃Rb1）on lung injury of neonatal rats induced by hyperoxia，and to explore its mechanism. Method Hyperoxic lung injury model of neonatal rats was established in model group，Rb1 group，and Rb1 combined with ML385 group. Rb1 combined with ML385 group was intraperitoneally injected with G⁃Rb1（10 mg/kg）+ intragastric ML385（20 mg/kg）；Rb1 group with G⁃Rb1 （10 mg/kg）+ gavage the same amount of normal saline and the blank group and model group with the same amount of normal saline + gavage with the same amount of normal saline. The activity of malondialdehyde（MDA）and superoxide dismutase（SOD），the content of lung surface active substance protein⁃D（SP⁃D）and the expression of Nrf2 protein in lung tissue were detected. Results Compared with those in model group，MDA level and SP⁃D level in Rb1 group were decreased，but SOD activity and Nrf2 protein expression were increased（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in Rb1 group，MDA level，and SP ⁃D level in Rb1 combined with ML385 group were increased，but SOD activity，and Nrf2 protein expression were decreased（P < 0.05）. Conclusion G⁃Rb1 can improve lung injury of newborn mice，enhance the body′s antioxidant capacity，and inhibit the oxidative stress response of lung tissue. Activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway may be one of its mechanisms.

Objective To explore the effect of estrogen on cigarette smoke⁃induced epithelial mesenchymal transition（EMT）in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）patients by regulating miR⁃21/SMAD signaling pathway. Methods The mRNA levels of miR⁃21，E⁃cadherin，α⁃SMA and vimentin，the expression of SMAD⁃ related proteins and the proliferation activity of HBE were detected by RT⁃qPCR，Western blot and MTT. Results Estrogen promoted the decrease of EMT and vitality of HBE cells induced by CSE，up⁃regulated miR⁃21 to activate SMAD pathway，promoted the decline of EMT and cell vitality induced by CSE；It activated SMAD pathway by overexpressing miR⁃21. It could promote the declines of CSE⁃induced EMT and cell viability by activating SMAD. Conclusion Estrogen can activate SMDA pathway by up⁃regulating miR⁃21 and promote COPD development by inhibiting HBE proliferation and promoting its EMT.

Objective To explore the effect of sodium ferulate on the proliferation，invasion and apoptosis of glioma cellsby regulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Methods After culture and intervention，the glioma cell line U251 was divided into low concentration group，medium concentration group，high concentration group， blank group and negative control group. The biological behavior of the cells after 72 hours of culture was observed， and the expression of JAK2/STAT3 pathway proteins in the cells was detected. Results After administration of Sodium ferulate（LC50 = 0.307 5 mg/mL），dose⁃effect relationship curve showed the inhibition of cell proliferation was more obvious at 10- 3 ~ 1 mg/mL. The high，medium，and low sodium concentrations were 0.3，0.03，and 0.003 mg/mL，respectively. Compared with the blank group，the proliferation rate，invasion number，and migra⁃ tion rate of the positive control group，low，medium，and high concentration groups were decreased，and the apop⁃ tosis rate was increased（P < 0.05）；the proliferation rate，invasion number，and migration rate was decreased in the high concentration group. Obviously，the apoptotic rate increased significantly（P < 0.05）. Compared with the blank group，the expression of p⁃JAK2 and p⁃STAT3 protein in the positive control group，low，medium，and high concentration groups were decreased（P < 0.05）；the expression of p⁃JAK2 and p⁃STAT3 protein in the high concentration group were decreased most significantly（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Sodium ferulate could significantly inhibit the proliferation，migration and invasion of glioma cells，and promote apoptosis. The mechanism of its action may be related to the inactivation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism that miRNA ⁃26b ⁃5p（miR ⁃26b ⁃5p）targets the expression level of NFE2L3 and affects the growth，migration，and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Methods The expression levels of miR⁃26b⁃5p in human normal intestinal epithelial cells（NCM460）and colorectal cancer cell lines（HT29，SW620 and HCT116）were detected by qPCR. The expression level of NFE2L3 in the above cell lines was detected by qPCR and western blot. Bioinformatics methods analyzed the target sequence of miRNA⁃26b⁃ 5p binding to NFE2L3. The dual luciferase gene reporter experiment detects the targeted regulation mechanism of miR⁃26b⁃5p on NFE2L3. Liposome method was used to transfect miR⁃26b⁃5p mimic or NFE2L3 into HT29 and SW620 colorectal cancer cell lines，to observe the effect on cell growth through CCK⁃8 and clone formation experiment，to observe cell apoptosis by flow cytometry and to observe cell migration and invasion through Transwell assay. Results Compared with human normal epithelial cell lines，the expression level of miR⁃26b⁃5p in colorectal cancer cell lines was significantly down⁃regulated（P < 0.05），while the mRNA and protein levels of NEF2L3 were significantly up⁃regulated（P < 0.05）. The dual luciferase gene reporter experiment showed that miR⁃26b⁃5p can significantly affect the luciferase activity of NEF2L3 3′UTR expression vector（P < 0.05）. Overexpression of miR⁃ 26b⁃5p significantly inhibited the growth，colony formation，migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cell lines， and induce cell apoptosis（all P < 0.05），while overexpression of NEF2L3 can counteract the effects of miR⁃26b⁃5p （all P < 0.05）. Conclusion In colorectal cancer ，miR⁃26b⁃5p is lowly expressed ，while NEF2L3 is highly expressed；miR ⁃26b ⁃5p can target and regulate the expression level of oncogene EF2L3，thereby regulating the growth，apoptosis，migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells，thereby participating in the tumorigenesis and development of colorectal cancer.

Objective To explore the clinical value of serum procalcitonin（PCT），heparin binding pro⁃ tein（HBP），interleukin⁃6（IL⁃6）combined with sequential organ failure assessment（SOFA）score in theprogno⁃ sis evaluation of patients with severe pneumonia. Methods A total of 173 patients with pneumonia admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to May 2021 were selected as the study subjects，and the patients were divided into the the common pneumonia group（95 cases）and the severe pneumonia group（78 cases）. During the same period， 100 healthy people in our hospital were selected as the control group. Within 24 h after admission，SOFA scores was performed for patients with pneumonia；and the level of serum PCT and IL⁃6 were detected by enzyme⁃linked immunosorbent assay，and the level of serum HBP were detected by immunofluorescence；patients withsevere pneumonia were divided into good prognosis group（n = 57）and bad prognosis group（n = 21）according to the outcome within 28 days after admission to intensive care unit（ICU），the levels of serum PCT，HBP，IL⁃6 and SOFA score in control group，common pneumonia group and severe pneumonia group were compared，and the levels of serum PCT，HBP，IL⁃6 and SOFA score were compared between good prognosis group and poor prognosis group Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the factors related to the poor prognosis of severe pneu⁃ monia；the receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was used to analyze the prognostic value of PCT，HBP， IL ⁃ 6 combined SOFA score in patients with severe pneumonia. Results Compared with control group，serum PCT，HBP and IL⁃6 levels were significantly increased in common pneumonia group and severe pneumonia group （P < 0.05）；compared with common pneumonia group，the serum PCT，HBP，IL⁃6 and SOFA scores were signifi⁃ cantly increased in severe pneumonia group（P < 0.05）；compared with the good prognosis group，the serum PCT， HBP，IL⁃6 levels and SOFA score in the poor prognosis group were significantly increased（P < 0.05）；Logistic mul⁃ tivariate regression analysis showed that serum PCT，HBP and IL⁃6 were related to the occurrence of poor prognosis in patients with severe pneumonia（P < 0.05）；ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve（ROC）of serum PCT，HBP，IL⁃6 and SPFA score in evaluating poor prognosis of severe pneumonia patients were 0.723（95% CI：0.617 ~ 0.908），0.749（95%CI：0.604 ~ 0.856），0.632（95%CI：0.514 ~ 0.780），0.774（95%CI：0.625 ~ 0.893） respectively，and the AUC of PCT，HBP，IL⁃6 combined SOFA score for poor prognosis of severe pneumonia patients were 0.915（95%CI：0.793 ~ 0.977）；combined SOFA score of serum PCT，HBP and IL⁃6 had a higher value in evaluating the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia than the independent test of each indicator（Z = 2.276， 2.091，3.197，1.990，P < 0.05）. Conclusion The combination of serum PCT，HBP，IL⁃6 and SOFA score has a high clinical application value for the prognosis evalution of severe pneumonia patients，which may provide a refer⁃ ence for the treatment of severe pneumonia patients in clinic and reduce the incidence of poor prognosis. 

Objective This study aims to investigate the valueof a new type of self⁃shedding stent in lapa⁃ roscopic common bile duct exploration（LCBDE）with primary suture. Methods From January 2019 to December 2020，98 cases with common bile duct stones underwent LCBDE in our hospital were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into experimental group（n = 51，new self⁃shedding stent with primary suture）and control group （n = 47，T tube drainage）. The general information，Operation time，blood loss，indwelling time of biliary drainage tube，indwelling time of abdominal drainage tube，anal exhaust time，length of hospital stay，hospitalization costs and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significance in general information，operation time［（122.84 ± 6.47）min vs.（120.57 ± 9.98）min］，blood loss［（25.14 ± 3.97）mL vs.（24.21 ± 2.30）mL］and anal exhaust time［（2.86 ± 0.72）d vs.（3.12 ± 0.82）d］between the two groups （P > 0.05）. The experimental group showed shorter indwelling time of biliary drainage tube［（14.45 ± 2.90）d vs. （31.47 ± 1.84）d］，indwelling time of abdominal drainage tube［（3.33 ± 0.77）d vs.（6.12 ± 0.85）d］and length of hospital stay［（4.80 ± 0.80）d vs.（7.17 ± 0.70）d］，fewer hospitalization costs［（11 954.47 ± 1 098.00）yuan vs. （13 419.64 ± 1 470.90）yuan］and lower postoperative complications（2.00% vs. 14.90%）compared with control group，with a statistically significant difference（P < 0.05）. Conclusion The placement of a newself ⁃ dropping stent in LCBDE can reduce indwellingtime of biliary drainage tube and abdominal drainage tube，with shorter length of hospital stay，fewer hospitalization costs，and lower postoperative complications compared with T tube under a premise of strict indication，it′s a safe and valuable operation.

Objective To investigate the application of 3D printing osteotomy guide plate for multi⁃radius prosthesis total knee arthroplasty（TKA）in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis（KOA）and its influence on surgical trauma and joint function. Methods A total of 123 patients with severe KOA in our hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected and divided into a control group（n = 61）and an observation group（n = 62） by a random number table. The control group received multi⁃radius prosthesis TKA ，and the observation group received multi ⁃ radius prosthesis TKA under the 3D printing osteotomy guide plate. The surgical conditions and complications of the two groups were recorded，and the surgical trauma indicators of the two groups［interleukin⁃1β （IL⁃1β），cortisol（Cor），creatine kinase（CK）］，pain mediators［substance P（SP），Prostaglandin E2（PEG2）， β⁃endorphin（β⁃EP）］，joint function（HSS），knee joint range of motion，lower limb force line angle were com⁃ pared. Results The operative time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group，the intraop⁃ erative blood loss was less than that of the control group，and the postoperative 24 h VAS score was lower than that of the control group（P < 0.05）；On the 5th postoperative day，the serum levels of IL⁃1β，Cor and CK in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P < 0.05）；Serum β⁃EP in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，and the levels of PEG2 and SP were lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）；HSS scores，knee range of motion，and angle of lower limb lines of force in the 2 groups at 1 month and 3 months after operation were higher than those before operation（P < 0.05）；The complication rate of the observation group was 1.61% lower than that of the control group（14.75%，P < 0.05）. Conclusion 3D printing osteotomy guide plate has a definite effect on multi⁃radius prosthesis TKA in severe KOA patients，which could reduce intraoperative blood loss，relieve pain，shorten operative time，reduce complications，and has less impact on surgical inflammatory stress.

Objective To evaluate the effects of ultrasound ⁃ guided thoracic and lumbar paravertebral block on the perioperative analgesia and early postoperative recovery in patients undergoing robot⁃assisted nephrec⁃ tomy. Methods Eighty patients receiving elective robot⁃assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy were randomly divided into two groups with 40 patients in each group. The observation group was performed under general anesthesia after paravertebral block，and the control group was performed under general anesthesia. MAP and HR at different time points were recorded. The intraoperative dosage of remifentanil，eye opening time，respiratory recovery time，extu⁃ bation time，exiting room time，Ricker sedation ⁃agitation score（SAS）and VAS score during anesthesia recovery were recorded. The resting and coughing VAS scores at different time points postoperatively were recorded. The postoperative quality of recovery（QoR⁃40）scores at 1 day before surgery，1 day after surgery and 2 days after surgery were recorded. The incidence of effective pressure of postoperative analgesia pump，remedial analgesia，and related adverse reactions were recorded. Results Compared with the control group，MAP and HR in the observation group were more stable（P < 0.05）. The amount of intraoperative remifentanil in the observation group was signifi⁃ cantly reduced，the SAS score and VAS score during anesthesia recovery period in the observation group was lower， the time of eye opening，respiratory recovery，extubation and exit from the room were shorter in the observation group（P < 0.05）. The resting and coughing VAS scores of the observation group at 6 h，12 h and 24 h after surgery were significantly lower（P < 0.05）. The scores of all items and total scores of QoR⁃40 scale in observation group increased at 1 d after surgery（P < 0.05），physical comfort，emotional state，behavioral independence and total score of QoR⁃40 scale increased at 2 d after surgery（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Thoracic and lumbar paravertebral block could provide better perioperative analgesia for robot ⁃assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy and contribute to early postoperative recovery.

Objective To investigate the effect of different delayed cord clamping methods on extremely preterm infants at < 28 weeks of gestation. Methods Extremely preterm infants who were born less then 28 weeks of gestation from January 2019 to December 2020 in the Neonatology Department of Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University were retrospectively included and divided into conventional group，delayed cord clamping group，and severed cord for cord extrusion group according to the type of umbilical cord clamping. The time spent on invasive assisted ventilation，time spent on noninvasive assisted ventilation，length of stay，frequency of blood transfusions，and incidence of periventricular⁃intraventricular hemor⁃ rhage，necrotizing enterocolitis，late ⁃ onset sepsis，respiratory distress syndrome，bronchopulmonary dysplasia， and retinopathy of prematurity during hospitalization were compared among these three groups of infants. Results The infants in the delayed cord clamping group and the extruded cord group spent less time on invasive and nonin⁃ vasive assisted ventilation and had a shorter hospital stay than those of the conventional group；the frequency of blood transfusion and the incidence of periventricular ⁃intraventricular hemorrhage，respiratory distress syndrome， bronchopulmonary dysplasia，and retinopathy of prematurity were lower than those in the conventional group，and there were statistically significant differences（P < 0.05）；The infants in the delayed cord clamping group and the extruded cord group spent less time on invasive and noninvasive assisted ventilation and had a shorter hospital stay than the those of the conventional group；the frequency of blood transfusion and the incidence of periventricular⁃ intraventricular hemorrhage，respiratory distress syndrome，bronchopulmonary dysplasia，and retinopathy of prema⁃ turity were lower than those in the conventional group，and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Both methods，delayed cord clamping and severed cord with extrusion，shorten the time of invasive assisted ventilation and noninvasive assisted ventilation in extremely preterm infants，shorten the period of the hospital stay，reduced the frequent blood transfusions during hospitalization，and reduced the incidence of periven⁃ tricular ⁃intraventricular hemorrhage，respiratory distress syndrome，bronchopulmonary dysplasia，and retinopathy of prematurity in extremely preterm infants.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of xingnaojing injection combined with alteplase for ischemic stroke. Methods By searching CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，CBM，PubMed，The Cochrane Library，Embase，randomized controlled studies on xingnaojing injection combined with alteplase for ischemic stroke were systematically collected.A total of 9 studies were included，involving 1005 patients. Meta ⁃analysis of the included related studies was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results Meta⁃analysis showed that the effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group after treatment. NIHSS degree， NDS degree，Ischemic area，TNF⁃ α，PS，IL⁃8，hs⁃CRP，IL⁃1 and IL⁃6 were lower than those of the control group. MoCA score and ADL score were higher than those of the control group. Meanwhile，the blood flow velocity in basilar artery，middle cerebral artery，anterior cerebral artery，posterior cerebral artery and vertebral artery were higher than those of the control group. Adverse event incidence was not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion The current evidence showedxingnaojing injection combined with alteplase had better cura⁃ tive effect and safety in patients with cerebral infarction. However，the obtained conclusions needed to be validated by high ⁃ quality multi ⁃ center，double ⁃ blind clinical randomized controlled trials，due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Bifidobacterium triple viable powder as add⁃ on therapy in children with tic disorder and its effect on the level of excitatory amino acids in serum. Methods A total of 130 children with tic disorder from November 2019 to June 2020 in Wuxi Children′s Hospital were recruited and were randomly divided into tiapride + Bifidobacterium group（n = 50），tiapride group（n = 50） and Bifidobacterium group（n = 30）. The efficacy of Yale Global Tic Severity Scale（YGTSS），serum glutamic acid（Glu）and aspartic acid（Asp）levels and safety of the three groups were assessed and compared before treat⁃ ment，the 4th week and 12th week after treatment. Results Compared with the data before treatment，the YGTSS scores of all groups were lower at the 4th and 12th week after treatment（P < 0.05），At the 4th week，YGTSS scores of the tiapride + Bifidobacterium group and the tiopride group were lower than that of the Bifidobacterium group （P < 0.05）. At the 12th week，the YGTSS scores of the tiapride + Bifidobacterium group were lower than those of the other two groups（P < 0.05）. The levels of serum Glu and Asp of the three groups were lower than before treatment（P < 0.05），and the tiapride + Bifidobacterium group was lower than those of the other two groups（P < 0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 8% in the tiapride + Bifidobacterium group and 10% in the tiopride group and 0% in the Bifidobacterium group. Conclusion Compared with Bifidobacteria alone，the combination of Bifidobacteria and tiapride has better curative effect，which provides a new method for the diagnosis and treat⁃ ment of tic disorders. 

Objective To analyze the equity in Chinese medicine（CM）health resource allocation in Guangdong province，and to provide reference and suggestions for optimizing CM health resources allocation. Methods Health resources agglomeration degree，entropy weight⁃TOPSIS method and GIS technology were used to explore the equity of CM health resources allocation in Guangdong province. Results The concentration degree of CM health resources in Shenzhen was the highest，and the concentration degree of each index was 5.628 2 to 11.513 3. The concentration of CM health resources in Shanwei was the lowest，and the concentration of each index ranged from 0.160 7 to 0.962 6. The ratio of concentration degree of CM health resources to population concentration degree in Zhuhai was the largest ，reaching 1.482 5 to 2.152 7. The ratio of concentration degree of CM health resources to population concentration degree in Shanwei was the lowest ，ranging from 0.166 1 to 0.995 1. The result of entropy weight⁃TOPSIS method showed that the pearl river delta had the best CM health resources（Ci = 1）， and the eastern Guangdong had the worst（Ci = 0）. Conclusions The allocation of CM health resources in Guangdong province is unbalanced. There is a gap between the fairness of health resources allocation according to geographical scope and population. The fairness of human resources allocation is lower than that of the material resources.

Objective To analyze the disease composition and influence factors of gynecological patients undergoing abdominal surgery in a hospital of traditional Chinese medicine，and to provide reference for clinical management of gynecology and scientific research during perioperative period. Methods A retrospective survey was used to collect gynecological abdominal surgery cases from 2011 to 2020，and icD⁃10 code to analyze the main diagnoses. Descriptive analysis and Pareto graph analysis were used to analyze the data. Results From 2011 to 2020，the main diseasesof inpatients undergoing gynecological abdominal surgery were uterine fibroids，endometri⁃ osis，ovarian benign tumor，ectopic pregnancy，infertility，adenomyosis，uterine malignant tumor，accounting for 82.69% of the total diseases. Type B disease factors were cervical malignant tumor，pelvic inflammatory disease and ovarian cyst，accounting for 10.14% of the total. Type C disease factors were ovarian malignant tumor，cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia，uterine prolapse，abnormal development of female genitalia，endometrial polyps，abnormal uterine bleeding，polycystic ovary syndrome，hydatidiform mole，vulva malignant tumor and other diseases，accounting for 7.17% of the total. From 2011 to 2020，the median length of hospital stay of gynecological inpatients undergoing abdominal surgery was 9 d（ from 6 to 37 d），and the longest average length of hospital stay was related to uterine and ovarian malignant tumors. Conclusion The main diseases of gynecological inpatients undergoing abdominal surgery are uterine fibroids，endometriosis，benign ovarian tumor，ectopic pregnancy，infer⁃ tility，adenomyosis and uterine malignant tumor. The average length of stay of inpatients undergoing abdominal sur⁃ gery decreases year by year. It is of great significance to strengthen relevant perioperative medical management and scientific research to improve the quality of clinical medical work.

Objective To study the TCM syndrome types，constitution，and related risk factors of HR⁃HPV infection in the uterine cervix，to provide a clinical basis for its prevention and treatment in TCM. Methods The distribution of TCM syndrome types and constitution in patients with cervical HR⁃HPV infection was studied using epidemiological survey methods. Then investigate the relationship between them. Finally，using multivariate Logistic regression analysisto analyse the risk factors related to cervical HR⁃HPV infection. Results This study surveyed 782 people，309 of whom had cervical HR⁃HPV infection，for an overall infection rate of 39.51%. The HR⁃HPV infection rate follows a U⁃shaped distribution based on age. In the infection group，the syndrome of dampness⁃heat due to spleen deficiency was most commonly seen（50.48%，156/309），the TCM constitution types were mainly dampness ⁃ heat constitution（25.89%，80/309）and yang deficiency constitution（17.48%，54/309）. There were significant positive correlations between syndrome of dampness ⁃ heat due to spleen deficiency and dampness ⁃ heat constitution，kidney ⁃yang deficiency syndrome and yang ⁃deficiency constitution，kidney ⁃yin deficiency syndrome and yin⁃deficiency constitution，as well as dampness⁃toxin accumulation syndrome and Phlegm⁃dampness constitu⁃ tion（P < 0.01）. The age range of 20 ~ 39 years，the number of abortions > 2，the number of parturitions > 2，and the dampness ⁃ heat constitution were all independent risk factors for cervical HR ⁃HPV infection （P < 0.05）， while the balanced constitution was a protective factor against cervical HR ⁃HPV infection（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Multiple factors influence HR ⁃HPV infection in the uterine cervix. Clinical work should include identifying the constitution，disease，and TCM syndrome types，as well as taking early interventions against the relevant risk factors， in order to prevent disease before it starts，avoid changes in the disease，and prevent recurrence in the prognosis. 

Objective Observe the effect of pulsatile pre ⁃ injected physiological saline solutions in en⁃ hanced CT scanning to prevent contrast media extravasation. Methods 10 200 patients who meet the enrollment criteria with routine enhanced CT scanning in our hospital were selected for the study. They were randomly divided into into a control group and a research group，with 5100 patients in each group. Thepatients in the control group were given physiological saline solutions with traditional methods and the patients in research group were given physiological saline solutions with pulsatile pre⁃injection. After the examination，the incidence of contrast media extravasation was compared between the two groups，and the satisfaction with enhanced CT scanning was investigat⁃ ed. The frequency of medical disputes between internal patients and medical staff in the two groups was recorded every 2 months within the study period. Results The incidence of contrast media extravasation in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P < 0.05）. The patients in the study group showed higher sat⁃ isfaction than the control group in the entire set of examinations（P < 0.05）. The frequency of medical disputes be⁃ tween internal patients and medical staff was significantly reduced（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Pulsatile pre⁃injection physiological saline solutions can effectively reduce the incidence of contrast media extravasation in enhanced CT scanning and improve patients′ satisfaction with enhanced CT scanning，which has important clinical application value.

The parabrachial nucleus，encircling the superior cerebellar peduncle，is divided into several subnuclei according to its configuration and cytoarchitecture. The obvious structural heterogeneity of PBN leads to its functional diversity，which makes it as one of the most interesting topics in neuroscience. PBN has been proved to play an important role in multiple interreacted physiological processes，including maintaining homeostasis，as⁃ cending sensory information，reordering stress ⁃ related behaviors，and regulating sleep/wake cycle. For instance， hypothermia occurs when one is in hypometabolism，which in turn reduces metabolic rate. Cross ⁃linking between the functions of PBN suggests that it not only serves as a relay station for sensory information，but also has internal anatomical connection and functional integration among subnuclei. Currently，the mechanism of cross ⁃ linking among subnuclei and the commonality of regulating the same physiological function are the focal points. This review aims to document the physiological functions of neurons in PBN so that it can provide a theoretical basis for further understanding what regulates specific physiological function.