With the increasing prevalence of pediatric diabetes and the rapid development and wide appli⁃cation of molecular diagnosis technology，the role of gene sequencing in childhood diabetes has attracted people′s attention，and its accurate clinical evaluation has become a hot and difficult issue at present. Therefore，we re⁃viewed the relevant literature in recent years，and makes a systematic review on the genetic progress，selection and application of clinical gene detection methods，clinical interpretation of gene reports，and functional verification of various types of pediatric diabetes.

pediatric diabetes, genetic factors, interpretation of gene report, molecular diagnosis