实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 3364-3370.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.18.015

• 论著·机制与实践 • 上一篇    

不同胎龄早产儿早期血糖变异系数与脑室周围-脑室内出血的相关性

邱春燕1, 赵金华2, 宋磊2()   

  1. 1. 南通大学医学院 (江苏 南通 226000 )
    2. 南通大学第二附属医院(南通市第一人民医院) 儿科 (江苏 南通 226000 )
  • 收稿日期:2026-07-15 修回日期:2026-08-05 接受日期:2026-08-06 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 宋磊
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省妇幼保健协会科研课题(FYX202405)

Characteristics of early blood glucose fluctuations in premature infants of different gestational ages and their value in assessing PIVH

Chunyan Qiu1, Jinhua Zhao2, Lei Song2()   

  1. 1. Medical School of Nantong University,Nantong 226000,Jiangsu,China
    2. Department of Pediatrics,Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University(Nantong First People's Hospital),Nantong 226000,Jiangsu,China
  • Received:2026-07-15 Revised:2026-08-05 Accepted:2026-08-06 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-10-19
  • Contact: Lei Song
  • About author:

    Qiu Chunyan was responsible for conceiving and designing the experiments, conducting the research, collecting/analyzing data, performing statistical analysis, and writing the paper. Zhao Jinhua was responsible for securing research funding, providing guidance, and making supportive contributions. Song Lei was responsible for research analysis and revising the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript as submitted

摘要:

目的 探讨不同胎龄早产儿出生后早期血糖波动特点,进一步分析早期血糖波动特点对脑室周围-脑室内出血(PIVH)的评估价值。 方法 回顾性收集2023年1月至2025年12月经南通市第一人民医院收治的175例早产儿病例资料,按胎龄分为早期早产儿组(27 ~ 31周)、中晚期早产儿组(32 ~ 36周),于入院当天及72 h内监测血糖,主要参数为首次血糖(ABG)、平均血糖(MEBG)、血糖标准差(SDBG)、血糖变异系数(CV)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE),比较两组早期血糖波动特点,在住院2周内行≥ 2次头颅超声检查,统计PIVH发生情况,按PIVH发生情况分为PIVH组及非PIVH组,收集两组基线资料,行单因素及logistic回归多因素分析明确影响PIVH发生独立预测因子,构建模型,采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析单一独立预测因子及模型对PIVH发生的预测价值。 结果 与中晚期早产儿组相比,早期早产儿组ABG、MEBG、SDBG、CV及MAGE更高,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);与非PIVH组相比,PIVH组胎龄27 ~ 31周、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压、产前24 h血管活性药物使用占比更高,产前糖皮质激素使用占比更低,出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分、5 min Apgar评分及血红蛋白水平更低,ABG、MEBG、SDBG、CV及MAGE更高,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);经logistic回归多因素分析结果显示:影响早产儿PIVH发生独立预测因子为胎龄(OR:2.834;95%CI:1.016 ~ 7.904)、妊娠期糖尿病(OR:2.575;95%CI:1.018 ~ 6.514)及CV(OR:1.047;95%CI:1.001 ~ 1.095);经ROC曲线结果显示:单一预测因子及模型预测PIVH发生AUC值0.630 ~ 0.760不等,尤以模型预测PIVH发生价值最高,AUC值为0.760,灵敏度、特异度依次为60.00%、80.70%。 结论 低胎龄早产儿早期血糖波动越剧烈,且高CV值与低胎龄、有妊娠糖尿病同为PIVH发生独立预测因子,基于早期血糖波动指标构建模型有助于预测PIVH发生,便于为早产儿临床决策及预后评估提供重要指导。

关键词: 早产儿, 胎龄, 早期血糖波动, 脑室周围-脑室内出血

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the characteristics of early blood glucose fluctuations in premature infants of different gestational ages and to further analyze the value of early blood glucose fluctuation characteristics in assessing periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH). Methods A retrospective study was conducted, and the medical records of 175 premature infants admitted to Nantong First People's Hospitalfrom January 2023 to December 2025 were collected. They were divided into the early premature infant group (27 - 31 weeks) and the middle-late premature infant group (32 - 36 weeks). Blood glucose was monitored on the day of admission and within 72 hours. The main parameters were the first blood glucose (ABG), mean blood glucose (MEBG), standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG), coefficient of variation of blood glucose (CV), mean amplitude of blood glucose fluctuation (MAGE). The characteristics of early blood glucose fluctuations in the two groups were compared. Head ultrasound examinations were performed at least twice within 2 weeks of hospitalization. The occurrence of PIVH was classified into the PIVH group and the non-PIVH group. Baseline data of the two groups were collected. Univariate and Logistic regression multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of PIVH occurrence. A model was constructed, and the predictive value of single independent predictors and the model for PIVH occurrence was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results Compared with the middle-late premature infant group, the ABG、MEBG, SDBG, CV, and MAGE were higher in the early premature infant group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with the non-PIVH group, the early premature infant group with a gestational age of 27 - 31 weeks, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and the use of vasoactive drugs within 24 hours before delivery were higher, the use of prenatal glucocorticoids was lower, the birth weight, 1-minute Apgar score, 5-minute Apgar score, and hemoglobin level were lower, and ABG, MEBG, SDBG, CV, and MAGE were higher. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that the independent predictors of PIVH occurrence in premature infants were gestational age (OR:2.834;95%CI:1.016 - 7.904), gestational diabetes(OR:2.575;95%CI:1.018 - 6.514), and CV(OR:1.047;95%CI:1.001 - 1.095). The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC values of single independent predictors and the model for predicting PIVH occurrence ranged from 0.630 to 0.760, with the model having the highest predictive value for PIVH occurrence, with an AUC value of 0.760, and the sensitivity and specificity were 60.00% and 80.70%. Conclusions The more intense early blood glucose fluctuations in low-gestational-age premature infants, and a high CV value are independent predictors of PIVH occurrence along with low gestational age, and gestational diabetes. The construction of a model based on early blood glucose fluctuation indicators is helpful for predicting PIVH occurrence and providing important guidance for clinical decision-making and prognosis assessment of premature infants.

Key words: premature infants, gestational age, early blood glucose fluctuations, periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage

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