实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 146-152.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.01.024
• 综述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2024-09-13
出版日期:
2025-01-10
发布日期:
2025-01-14
通讯作者:
周超
E-mail:zhouchao1114@163.com
基金资助:
Dandan SHANG1,Ping LIU2,Lizhen LIU1,Yiwei PANG3,Chao ZHOU1()
Received:
2024-09-13
Online:
2025-01-10
Published:
2025-01-14
Contact:
Chao ZHOU
E-mail:zhouchao1114@163.com
摘要:
卵巢抵抗综合征(ROS)与早发性卵巢功能不全(POI)同属于高促性腺激素性闭经,两者存在相似的临床特点,通常较难鉴别,ROS易被误诊为POI,给后续治疗带来极大挑战。因此,了解ROS和POI的病因、临床特点和诊断标准,尽早明确诊断并制定合理的治疗方案对于有生育要求的患者至关重要。该文系统、全面地探讨了ROS与POI的病因和发病机制、临床特点与诊断以及个体化管理等方面的研究进展,旨在为临床医师提供参考,以便尽早明确诊断,避免误诊误治,并通过个体化管理,帮助患者改善症状并实现生育愿望。
中图分类号:
尚丹丹,刘萍,刘利贞,庞益伟,周超. 卵巢抵抗综合征和早发性卵巢功能不全诊断与个体化管理进展[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2025, 41(1): 146-152.
Dandan SHANG,Ping LIU,Lizhen LIU,Yiwei PANG,Chao ZHOU. Diagnosis and advances in individualized management of resistant ovary syndrome and premature ovarian insufficiency[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2025, 41(1): 146-152.
表1
ROS患者中FSHR基因突变位点的报道"
患者 | 报道年龄 | 闭经类型 | FSH水平/(IU/L) | cDNA变化 | 氨基酸变化(区域) | 临床意义 | 年份/参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 33岁 | 继发性 | 38.18 ~ 42.41 | c.-29G > A(Het) c.299 + 33C > T(Het) c.919G > A(Het) c.2039G >A(Het) | / / p.Ala307Thr p.Ser680Asn | 良性 良性 良性 良性 | 2016/[7] |
2 | 31岁 | 原发性 | 43 ~ 62 | c.479 T > C(Het) c.1672A > C(Het) | p.Ile160Thr(ECD) p.Asn558His(IL3) | 致病性 意义不明确 | 2019/[8] |
3 | 25岁 | 原发性 | 41.17 | c.419delA(Hom) | p.Lys140Argfs*16(ECD) | 致病性 | 2019/[9] |
4 | 27岁 | 原发性 | 83.50 | c.1510C > T(Hom) | p.Pro504Ser(TMD) | 致病性 | 2019/[9] |
5 | 28岁 | 继发性 | 57.32 | c.44G > A(Com) | p.Gly15Asp(ECD) | 致病性 | 2019/[9] |
6*1 | 27岁 | 继发性 | 84.95 | c.182T > A(Com) c.2062C > A(Com) | p.Ile61Asn(ECD) p.Pro688Thr(ICD) | 致病性 致病性 | 2020/[10] |
7**1 | 30岁 | 原发性 | 94.58 | c.182T > A(Com) c.2062C > A(Com) | p.Ile61Asn(ECD) p.Pro688Thr(ICD) | 致病性 致病性 | 2020/[10] |
8 | 29岁 | 继发性 | 35.98 ~ 37.73 | c.1384G > C(Com) c.1862C > T(Com) | p.Ala462Pro(TMD) p.Ala621Val(TMD) | 致病性 致病性 | 2022/[11] |
9*2 | 29岁 | 继发性 | 15.63 | c.392G > A(Com) c.310A > G(Com) | p.Gly131Asp p.Lys104Glu | 可能致病性 可能致病性 | 2021/[12] |
10**2 | 30岁 | 原发性 | / | c.392G > A(Com) c.310A > G(Com) | p.Gly131Asp p.Lys104Glu | 可能致病性 可能致病性 | 2021/[12] |
11 | 24岁 | 原发性 | 18.40 | c.299+2T > G(Hom) | / | 致病性 | 2023/[13] |
表2
HRT在POI中的应用"
年龄段 | 月经/子宫状态/避孕情况 | 雌激素 | 孕激素 |
---|---|---|---|
11 ~ 13岁 | - | 17β-雌二醇每天0.25 ~ 0.5 mg | - |
14 ~ 16岁 | 月经来潮前 | 17β-雌二醇从起始剂量逐渐增加 | - |
月经来潮后 | 17β-雌二醇从起始剂量逐渐增加 | 取决于临床评估 | |
16岁-自然 绝经年龄 | 无子宫 | 17β-雌二醇每天2 mg 戊酸雌二醇每天2 mg 雌二醇凝胶每天1.5 mg或半水合雌二醇皮贴每天50 μg | - |
有子宫(无避孕要求) | 17β-雌二醇每天2 mg 戊酸雌二醇每天2 mg 雌二醇凝胶每天1.5 mg或半水合雌二醇皮贴每天50 μg | 地屈孕酮每天10 mg(月经第14 ~ 28天) 微粒化黄体酮胶丸每天100 ~ 300 mg(月经第14 ~ 28天) | |
复方制剂:雌二醇片-雌二醇地屈孕酮片 | |||
有子宫(要求避孕) | 复方口服避孕药或植入左炔诺孕酮宫内节育器 |
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