Recurrent spontaneous abortion（RSA）refers to two or more consecutive spontaneous abortions， which is a common pregnancy ⁃ related disease in women. It is difficult to make an exact etiological diagnosis for there lacks specific clinical manifestations and signs in most RSA patients，and more laboratory tests are acquired. The etiology of RSA is complex and relates to multiple disciplines. There are still many disputes in the definition， diagnosis，and treatment of RSA when comparing internal consensus and external guidelines. Hence，it is easy to confuse clinical diagnosis and treatment of RSA. This article intends to discuss the controversial issues in diagnos⁃ ing and treating RSA based on these consensuses and guidelines.

Objective To evaluate the effects of benzophenone⁃3（BP⁃3），aultraviolet absorbent，on the maturation and quality of mouse oocytes within the range of physiological concentration，to provides reference for the research of human reproductive health. Methods Female ICR mice aged 6 to 10 weeks were used in this study. GV stage oocytes of mice were treated with different concentrations of BP⁃3，and the in vitro maturation rate of the oocytes was observed.The effects of BP⁃3 on the maturation and development of oocytes were investigated by measuring the content of reactive oxygen species（ROS）and detecting DNA damage，theearly apoptosis and tran⁃ scription levelsof oocytes. Results BP⁃3 inhibited oocyte maturation in a dose⁃dependent manner（P < 0.05）. The ROS level of oocytes treated with 0.8 μmol/L BP⁃3 was higher than the control group，and DNA damage and early death of oocytes were considerably increased（P < 0.05）. And qRT⁃PCR results showed that the transcription levels of antioxidant gene Gpxl and apopsis related gene Bcl2 were dounregulated，the expression of pre ⁃apoptotic gene Bax was up⁃regulated（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Exposure to physiological concentrations of BP⁃3 may reduce the rate and quality of mouse oocyte maturation in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effect of prolonged down ⁃ regulation protocols in different men⁃ strual phases on the clinical outcomes of in⁃vitro fertilizationand embryo transfer（IVF⁃ET）cycles. Methods A total of 324 couples who accepted IVF/ICSI⁃ET treatment between January 2019 and July 2020 were recruited in this retrospective study. They were divided into two groups according to the time the pituitary down⁃regulation started： group A（in luteal phase，n = 102）and group B（in follicular phase，n = 222）. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared. Results No significant difference was found between the two groups in stimulation days， total Gn dosage，serumLH level，progesterone level，estradiol level，and endometrial thickness on human chorionic gonadotropin（hCG）administration day（P > 0.05）. No significant difference was found in number of oocytes retrieved，mature oocyte rate，2PN fertilzation rate，number of embryos，highquality embryo rate and moderate⁃to⁃ severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome（OHSS）rate between the two groups（P > 0.05）. No significant differ⁃ encewas found in the implantationrate，clinical pregnancyrate，pregnancylossrateandlivebirth rate betweenthe two groups（P > 0.05）. Conclusion The clinical outcomes are similar in prolonged pituitary down⁃regulation protocols in luteal phase or follicular phase.

Objective To explore the effect of assisted oocyte activation （AOA）with ionomycin in patients with previous fertilization failure after intracytoplasmic sperm injection（ICSI）. Methods In this study， 56 patients who received ICSI⁃AOA treatment at the Center for Reproductive Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. The fertilization，embryo development clinical outcomes and neonatal outcomes after AOA treatment were observed. Results The fertilization and normal fertiliza⁃ tion rates were significantly increased（P < 0.001）after AOA treatment with ionomycin，while the total fertilization failure and low fertilization rate were significantly reduced（P < 0.001）. Interestingly，when compared to the con⁃ trol group，the rate of transferable embryos and good⁃quality embryos on day 3 was significantly higher in the AOA group（P < 0.05）. In addition，the AOA group had a significantly higher rate of cycles with no transferable embryo （P < 0.05）. Consequently，the rates of clinical pregnancy，implantation，as well as live birth were significantly increased（P < 0.001）. In terms of neonatal outcomes，the data derived from conventional ICSI performed at our center during the same time period served as the control group. There were no significant differences in twins，ges⁃ tational weeks，birthweight，gender ratio，preterm birth，large for gestational age，and low birth weight between the two groups（P > 0.05）. Conclusions These findings demonstrated that AOA with ionomycin was beneficial for patients who had previously failed fertilization. However，more research with larger groups of couples is needed， particularly for safety assessment.

Objective To investigate the effects of the two different embryo transfer protocols on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection（ICSI）with testicular sperms in patients with obstruc⁃ tive azoospermia（OA）. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data on the obstructive azoospermia patients who had used testicular sperms obtained by testicular sperm aspiration（TESA）for ICSI in the reproductive center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2017 to December 2020. According to the different blastocyst transfer protocols，these patients were divided into frozen⁃thawed embryo transfer（FET） group（n = 162）and fresh transfer group（n = 178）. The clinical data，pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results Under a condition of the similar average number of transferred blasto⁃ cyst，there were no significant differences in the rates of implantation rate，clinical pregnancy，multiple pregnancy， miscarriage，preterm birth，and live birth between the two groups（P > 0.05）. The mean birth weight，low birth weight rate and sex ratio at birth were similar in the two groups（P > 0.05）. The average gestation length was shorter in the FET group than in the fresh transfer group（P < 0.05）. Conclusions For patients with obstructive azoosper⁃ mia，fresh or frozen⁃thawed blastocyst transfer after ICSI⁃ET with testicular sperms has no effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Objective To explore the effective ways for improving the outcome of frozen ⁃thawed embryo transfer（TET）in endometriosis patients with repeated implantation failure（RIF）. Methods The clinical data on endometriosis patients with RIF following total 81 TET cycles from January 2016 to December 2020 were retrospec⁃ tively analyzed. According to different protocols of endometrial preparation，the patients were divided into natural cycle（NC）group，ovulation induction（OI）group，hormone⁃replacement therapy（HRT）group，and down⁃regulated HRT group. The baseline information and outcomes of assisted conception were compared among these groups. The factors influencing clinical pregnancyoutcome were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results The number and type of transferred embryos were the factors affecting the pregnancy outcomes（P < 0.05）. The implantation rate of blastocysts from non⁃high quality embryos was significantly higher than that of high⁃quality cleavage embryos（P < 0.05）. The mean number of transferred embryos was significantly higher in HRT group than NC group（P < 0.05）. The rates of clinical pregnancy and implantation were higher in HRT group than NC group and down⁃regulated HRT group，but there were no significant differences（P > 0.05）. The rates of multiple pregnacy，early abortion，and ecto⁃ pic pregnancy did not differ significantly among the four groups（P > 0.05）. According to differences in the type of transferred embryos，there were no statistical differences in the rates of high⁃quality embryo and clinical pregnancy among the three groups（P > 0.05）. No statistical differences were found in the impact of presence or absence of sur⁃ gical treatment prior to IVF/ICSI on the clinical pregnancy outcomes（P > 0.05）. Conclusions The endometriosis patients with RIF receiving differentendometrial protocols were comparable in their pregnancy outcomes. For improv⁃ ing the clinical pregnancy rate，the number of transplanted embryos can appropriately be increased or the blastocyst should be transplanted if necessary.

Objective To investigate the effects of Betulinic acid（BA）on proliferation，migration， adherence properties，tumorsphere formation，stem cell property and osteoclast differentiation in human prostate can⁃ cer PC⁃3 cells in acidic microenvironment. Methods Culturing PC⁃3 cells in pH 7.4 and pH 6.5 medium. Effects of BA on proliferation and migration of PC⁃3 cells were assessed with the CCK⁃8 assay and Transwell assays，respectively. Effects of BA on stem cell characteristics of PC⁃3 cells were evaluated by cell⁃matrix adhesion assay. The osteoclasto⁃ genesis activity of BA in RAW264.7 cells was examined by osteoclast differentiation assay. The express levels of CD31 and CD44 in PC⁃3 cells were measured by qPCR and Western blot. Results The result of CCK⁃8 test showed that acidic medium significantly enhanced cell viability of PC⁃3 cells than neutral medium，whereas BA suppressed the proliferation of PC⁃3 cells in a concentration⁃dependent under acidic microenvironment（P < 0.05）. In addition， the acidic medium also significantly enhanced cell migration，adherence，tumor sphere formation and expressed CD31，CD44 of PC ⁃3 cells than neutral medium. After that，BA was added and the migration，adherence，tumor sphere formation，stem cell property and osteoclast differentiation of PC ⁃ 3 cells were significantly inhibited（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Betulinic acid significantly inhibited the proliferation，migration，adherence，tumor sphere formation，stem cell property and osteoclast differentiation of PC⁃3 cells under acidic microenvironment.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of AMD3100 on CXCR4 and MUC5ac in asthma mice. Methods Female BALB/c mice aged to 6 ~ 8 weeks were randomly divided into normal group（NS group）， asthma group（AS group），CXCR4 blockers group（AMD group），Eight in each group.Asthma was induced by OVA sensitization and challenge，intervention was performed in each group before stimulation. IL ⁃ 4，IL ⁃5，CXCR4 in BALF were detected by ELISA.The pathological changes of lung were observed by HE staining，AB ⁃PAS staining； IHC and RT⁃PCR were used to detect the expression of Muc5ac，CXCR4 protein level and CXCR4 mRNA in lung tissues. Results The CXCR4，IL⁃4 and IL⁃5 levels，infiltration of inflammatory cells around the airway of lung tis⁃ sue，positive relative coloring area of airway mucus，CXCR4 and Muc5ac protein content，mRNA relative expression of CXCR4，AMD group were lower than AS group（P < 0.01）. was higher than NS group（P < 0.05）. Conclusions AMD3100 intervention can reduce the expression of CXCR4 protein，inhibits airway inflammatory and down regu⁃ lates the expression of MUC5AC in asthmatic mice，alleviate airway mucus hypersecretion，and improves asthmatic symptoms.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of circ⁃0008583 on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatoma carcinoma cell（HCC）. Methods Bioinformatics analysis combined clinical samples and in vitro cell experiments were verified the expression level of circ⁃0008583 in HCC. RNase R and actinomycin D were used to verify the circRNA properties of circ⁃0008583. Cloning formation experiment was used to test cell clone formation capacity，and TUNEL staining was used to detected cell apoptosis. We used the RIP experiment to detect whether circ ⁃ 0008583 could combined with EIF4A3. qRT ⁃ PCR and Western blot were used to detect gene expression levels. Results Compared to normal liver tissues and cell lines，circ⁃0008583 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines（P < 0.001）. Circ⁃0008583 has a circular structure and its stability is increased compared with DLG1 mRNA（P < 0.001）. Compared to the negative control group，the clonal formation capacity of HCC cells after interfering circ ⁃0008583 was reduced（P < 0.01），and apoptosis level was increased （P < 0.001）. We use Circular RNA interactome database and RIP experiments confirm that circ ⁃ 0008583 could combine with EIF4A3 protein. Compared to normal liver tissues and cell lines，EIF4A3 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell line（P < 0.001）. We confirmed that overexpression EIF4A3 could reverse the inhibitory effects of circ ⁃ 0008583 expression on liver cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by rescue experiments. Conclusion Circ⁃0008583 is highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines，it combines with EIF4A3 protein to promote HCC cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis.

Objective To study the effect of dexmedetomidine（Dex）on neural function and Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3（STAT3）pathway in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into different groups. The model of intracerebral hemorrhage was established，Dex，NC or JAK2 lentivirus were given for intervention. The neurological deficit score（NSS）was evaluated；the pathological changes，the apoptosis and inflammation levels were evaluated. Results After modeling， the DSS scores of intracerebral hemorrhage group were lower than those of the sham group，the apoptosis rate and the expression of NF⁃κB，Bax，Cleaved caspase⁃3，p⁃JAK2，p⁃STAT3，the contents of TNF⁃α，IL⁃6 in brain tissue around hematoma were higher than those of sham group（P < 0.05）. After Dex intervention，the DSS scores of Dex group were higher than those of intracerebral hemorrhage group，and the apoptosis rate and the expression of NF⁃κB， Bax，Cleaved caspase⁃3，p⁃JAK2，p⁃STAT3，the contents of TNF⁃α，IL⁃6 in brain tissue around hematoma were lower than those of intracerebral hemorrhage group（P < 0.05）. After intracerebroventricular injection of JAK2 lentivirus and overexpression of p⁃JAK2，p⁃STAT3 before modeling，the DSS scores of JAK2 lentivirus+Dex group were lower than those of the NC lentivirus + Dex group，the apoptosis rate and the expression of NF ⁃ κB，Bax， Cleaved caspase⁃3，p⁃JAK2，p⁃STAT3，the contents of TNF⁃α，IL⁃6 in brain tissue around hematoma were higher than those of the NC lentivirus+Dex group（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Dex could improve the neurological function and pathological changes of brain tissue around hematoma in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage. This improvement was associated with the inhibition of JAK2 / STAT3 pathway mediated inflammatory response and apoptosis.

Objective The relationship between serum Cytokeratin⁃18（CK⁃18）and hepatic steatosis in patients with non⁃alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）was unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of serum CK ⁃18 M30 and M65 with the hepatic steatosis in patients with magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction（MRI⁃PDFF）diagnosed NAFLD，and the diagnostic value of CK⁃18 M30 and M65 on hepatic steatosis. Methods Health controls and patients with NAFLD were recruited，and the basic information and clinical parameters were collected. The concentrations of serum CK⁃18 M30 and M65 were measured with the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）methods. All participates were subjected to the MRI⁃PDFF examina⁃ tion and the degrees of hepatic steatosis were represented by the MRI⁃PDFF values. Patients with NAFLD were divided into the S1 group and S2 & S3 group according to the MRI⁃PDFF values. Statistical analyze were conducted by the SPSS 26.0 software. Results A total of 120 subjects were included，which comprised of 40 health controls and 80 NAFLD patients. Serum CK ⁃18 M30 levels in S2&S3 group were significant different compared to the S1 group and health controls（P = 0.037，P = 0.005），but not different between S1 group and health controls（P = 0.292）. No significant differences of serum CK⁃18 M65 levels in each group. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis suggested that serum CK⁃18 M30 levels were positively associated with hepatic steatosis（r = 0.404）. The area under the receiver operating characteristic（AUROC）values，sensitivity，specificity，and cut⁃off values of serum CK⁃18 M30 levels on diagnosing the hepatic steatosis were 0.611 and 0.666，53.75% and 60.71%，72.5% and 79.35%，100.4 U/L and 118.9 U/L，respectively. Conclusion This study found serum CK⁃18 M30 level was elevated in patients with hepatic steatosis，and was positively correlated with MRI⁃PDFF，indicating that the level of CK⁃18 M30 in NAFLD patients was associated with progress of hepatic steatosis. We did not find a correlation between serum CK⁃18 M65 levels and hepatic steatosis. The association of serum CK⁃18 M30 with the degree of hepatic steatosis deserves further study.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of changes in thyroid⁃related hormone levels on the evaluation of curative effect and prognostic value analysis of subtotal thyroidectomy. Methods A total of 325 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer（DTC）were selected as the research object. The patients were treated with unilateral thyroidectomy. The levels of thyroid related hormones before operation and 1，2，4，5 and 7 days after operation were compared. According to the recurrence of two years after operation，the patients were divided into recurrence group（n = 21）and non recurrence group（n = 304）. The factors affecting postoperative recurrence were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC）was used to evaluate the predictive value of thyroid related hormone levels for postoperative recurrence. According to the cut⁃off value obtained by X⁃tile software，the patients were divided into low⁃risk group，medium risk group and high⁃risk group，and their prediction efficiency was evaluated；Kaplan Meier method was used to draw the survival curve and compare the postoperative recurrence of patients with different recurrence risks. Results The total effec⁃ tive rate of 325 patients was 95.08%. The levels of T3，FT3，T4 and FT4 in the effective group and the effective group were significantly lower than those before operation，and the level of TSH was significantly higher than that before operation，while the level of thyroid related hormones in the ineffective group did not change significantly （P < 0.05）. Multivariate analysis showed that metastasis，tumor stage Ⅲ + Ⅳ，low differentiation，T3 and T4 were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence of DTC patients（P < 0.05），and TSH was protective factor（P < 0.05）. ROC curve shows that thyroid related hormone level has high predictive value for postoperative recurrence in patients with DTC. The risk scoring model has good discrimination and effectiveness；The results of survival curve showed that the postoperative recurrence rate in high⁃risk group was significantly higher than that in low⁃risk group and medium⁃risk group（P < 0.001）. Conclusion Thyroid⁃related hormone levels in DTC patients remained dynamic after subtotal thyroidectomy，which could be used as an effective index to evaluate the efficacy of surgery，and had a certain predictive value for the patient′s recurrence.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of 3D slicer combined with sina software assisted percutaneous balloon compression in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods A total of 65 patients with trigeminal neuralgia from June 2019 to June 2021 were enrolled and divided into 3D⁃Slicer combined with Sina assisted puncture surgery group（observation group，n = 35）and traditional freehand positioning puncture surgery group（control group，n = 30）according to different surgical procedures. The operative time，puncture time，puncture frequencies，intraoperative fluoroscopy frequencies，intraoperative ray volume，number of balloon malformation， pain intensity scores at Barrow Neurological Institute（BNI）on the 1st day after operation and the prognosis within 6 months after operation were compared. Results The operation time，puncture time，puncture frequencies，intra⁃ operative fluoroscopy frequencies and intraoperative radiation volume in the observation group were significantly than those of the control group（P < 0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the number of balloon malforma⁃ tion and the rate of complete pain relief（BNI grade I）on the first postoperative day between the two groups（P > 0.05）. Follow⁃up within 6 months after surgery，there was no significant difference in the incidence of facial numb⁃ ness，diplopia，masseter weakness，keratitis，herpes labialis，vascular injury and recurrence between the two groups（P > 0.05）. Conclusion 3D slicer combined with sina software could assist precise and fast puncture of foramen ovale and injection of appropriate contrast agent for compression；It has the advantages of shortening the time of puncture and operation，reducing the number of puncture and fluoroscopy，and reducing the amount of intraoperative rays.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of CT⁃guided thoracic drainage microtu⁃ bule for patients of emphysema complicated with giant pulmonary bullae. Methods A total of 74 patients of emphysema with giant pulmonary bullae into our hospitalwerechosed. As the control group，30 patients underwent surgical thoracoscopic surgery，while the observation group included 44 patients who underwent CT⁃guided place⁃ ment of thoracic drainage microtubules. The operation indexes between the two groups were compared，including operation time，bleeding volume，incision infection，postoperative drainage time，postoperative stay ⁃in hospital days，tube time and lung re⁃expansion time，pain visual analogue scale（VAS）score 1 d，3 d and 7 d after opera⁃ tion，disappearance time and recurrence rate of giant pulmonary bullae. The levels of serum inflammatoryfactors C⁃reactive protein（CRP）and interleukin⁃6（IL⁃6）before and 2 d after operation，as well as arterial partial pressure （PaO2），peripheral oxygen saturation（SaO2）and forced expiratory volume in the first second（FEV1）before and 1 d after operation. Results The observation group′s operation time，hospital stay days，and lung re⁃expansion time were shorter than the control group′s，tube time was longer，bleeding volume was less，pain VAS scores 1 d，3 d after operation were lower than the control group，serum CRP and IL⁃6 levels were lower，and postoperative PaO2， SaO2，and FEV1 were higher（P < 0.05）. Conclusion CT ⁃ guided thoracic drainage microtubule placement improves clinical efficacy and safety in emphysema with giant pulmonary bullae.It causes less trauma，less pain and inflammation，and improves pulmonary function more than thoracoscopic resection.

Objective To analysis the efficacy and tolerability of sintilimab in combination with lenvatinib therapy as second ⁃line regimen for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 39 patients with unresectable HCC treated with sintilimab in combination with lenvatinib as second⁃line therapy，as well as the data of another 36 patients treated with lenvatinib therapy as contrast. The clinical data such as the baseline data from blood routine test liver function test，renal function test tumor staging，tumor imaging features，previous treatment strategies，follow ⁃ up imaging results and adverse events during follow ⁃ ups were recorded. The Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors was used to evaluate the treatment out⁃ come of intrahepatic lesions and the Kaplan⁃Meier method was used to evaluate survival time. Results All through the follow⁃ups，the treatments for the patients from both groups did not reached complete response. Among the 39 patients treated with sintilimab plus lenvatinib，15 cases achieved partial remission（PR），accounting for 38.4%， 14 disease stability（DS），accounting for 35.9% ，and 10 progressive disease，accounting for 25.8%，with the ORR and DCR of 38.5% and 74.4%，respectively. Among the 36 patients in the control group，6 cases achieved partial remission，accounting for 16.7%，14 disease stability，accounting for 35.8%，and 10 progressive disease，accounting for 25.8%，with the ORR and DCR of 38.5% and 74.4%，respectively. The median progression⁃free survival（PFS） was 9.1 months in the combination group（95%CI：7.5 ~ 10.7）and 5.9 months（95%CI：4.7 ~ 7.1）in the control group，with a statistically significant difference between the two groups（P < 0.001）. Median Overall Survival（OS） time in the combination group was 18.4 months（95%CI：16.5 ~ 20.3）and 11.6 months（95%CI：7.2 ~ 16.0）in the control group，with a statistical difference between the two groups（P = 0.016）. Grade ≥ 3 treatment ⁃related ad⁃ verse events （TRAEs） included hypertension and diarrhea. All TRAEs were effectively controlled. Conclu⁃ sion Sintilimab combined with lenvatinibcan yield a promising outcome in treating the patients with unresectable HCC for its low incidence rate of serious adverse eventsand thus it is a safe and effective treatment regimen.

Objective To explore the feasibility of developing an intelligent algorithm for predicting the perioperative outcomes in patients with congenital heart disease（CHD）based on optical coherence tomography （OCTA），and to provide a non⁃invasive and convenient tool for perioperative assessment and outcome prediction of CHD. Methods We prospectively collected the clinical data and preoperative OCTA images of patients undergoing congenital cardiac surgery in our hospital during the period of May 2017 to May 2021. OCTA images were labeled according to whether there was excessive postoperative bleeding or adverse perioperative composite outcomes. Data augmentation was used for the OCTA images with prognostic annotations. A deep learning outcome prediction model was trained，and then a test set was used to judge the performance of the model. Results Of 202 CHD patients， 45（22.3%）developed excessive postoperative bleeding and 58（28.7%）underwent adverse perioperative composite outcomes. In the test set，the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve（AUC）of the model for predict⁃ ing postoperative excessive bleeding was 0.82，the sensitivity and specificity were 0.90 and 0.75 respectively，and the accuracy was 0.78；the AUC of the adverse perioperative composite outcome prediction model was 0.81，the sensitivity and specificity were 0.83 and 0.80 respectively，and the accuracy was 0.81. Conclusions Preoperative OCTA images combined with artificial intelligence can accurately predict the perioperative outcomes of CHD.

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of eHealth literacy in health examination population，in order to provide a basis for improving the eHealth literacy of the health examination pop⁃ ulation. Methods A total of 1200 health examination population in a tertiary hospital in Guangdong Province were selected from July to October 2021. The simplified Chinese version of eHealth Literacy Scale（SC⁃eHEALS） was used to investigate their eHealth literacy. The Subjects were divided into qualified group and unqualified group according to their scores，and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of eHealth literacy. Results The survey obtained a response rate of 85.9%（1027/1 200）. The total score of the scale was（28.64 ± 5.81），with a pass rate of 36.4%，and the mean score of the items was（3.58 ± 0.73）. The entries for the three dimensions of the ability to apply，judge and make decisions about online health information and services were （3.63 ± 0.83），（3.54 ± 0.85）and（3.40 ± 0.90）. Logistic regression analysis showed that age（above 50 yearsold： OR = 0.41，95% CI：0.21 ~ 0.80），type of occupation（State ⁃ owned enterprises：OR = 1.51，95% CI：1.03 ~ 2.21），frequncey of health examination（4th and above：OR = 0.62，95%CI：0.40 ~ 0.98），and concern for one′s own mental health state（moreconcern：OR = 2.45，95%CI：1.34 ~ 4.49；mostconcern：OR = 4.38，95%CI：2.12 ~ 9.04）_were the influencing factors of health examination population（P < 0.05）. Conclusion The eHealth literacy level of health examination population needs to be improved. Attention should be paid to the age ，occupation， frequency of health examination and mental health status of this population.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of Tongluo Huoxue tincture combined with pestle needle for lumbar disc herniation（blood stasis and qi stagnation type）. Methods Randomized controlled trial was conducted and the patients were assigned to control group（n = 35）and observation group（n = 35）. T he control group was treated with conventional lumbar disc pestle needle，and the observation group was treated with Tongluo Huoxue tincture combined with pestle needle. After 4 weeks of treatment，visual analogue scale（VAS） score，Oswestry Disability Index（ODI）score，Japanese Orthopaedic Association（JOA）score，difference of clinical effect and the changing situation of TNF⁃α、IL⁃1βin the plasma and safety of the treatment were evaluated. Results After treatment，the VAS score，ODI score and JOA score of the same group were all significantly superior to those before treatment（P < 0.01），and the JOA score and ODI score of the observation group were both superior to those of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. But there was no statistical significance in VAS score between the two groups after treatment（P > 0.05）. After treatment，the effective rate of the control group was 75.8%，while the effective rate of the observation group was 93.9%，which shows that the clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than the control group（P < 0.05）. The contents of TNF⁃α and IL⁃1β in plasma were both superior to those before treatment in the same group，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.01），and the TNF⁃α、IL⁃1β content in the plasma of patients from the observation group after treatment were both superior to these of patients from the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the safety of the treatment between the two groups. Conclusion The treatment of Ton⁃ gluohuoxue tincture combined with pestle needle could relieve clinical symptoms of lumbar disc herniation（blood stasis and qi stagnation type）obviously，and the clinical effect was superior to the treatment of pestle needle alone.

Objective To study the synergistic effect of acupuncture on local acupoints mainly in lum⁃ bosacral and abdominal areas combined with modified YishenTongluoFormula for erectile dysfunction （ED）. Methods A total of 64 ED patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）group and acupuncture group，with 32 cases in each group. The TCM group was given modified YishenTongluoFormula（granules），one dose per day for 30 days. The acupuncture group was treated with acupunc⁃ ture combined with the formula. Acupoint group one（RN3，RN4，RN6，KI12，RN2）and acupoint group two （BL23，BL32，BL30，BL54，BL34）are used alternately，once every other day，30 minutes each time with 15 sessions for 30 days. The score changes of the International Erectile Function Questionnaire（IIEF），State ⁃Trait Anxiety Questionnaire（STAI）and Beck Depression Inventory（BDI）were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results The total effective rate of acupuncture group was 93.30%，which was better than that of the TCM group with 86.60%（P < 0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in IIEF score and BDI score before and after treatment in the acupuncture group（P < 0.05），and there were statistically signifi⁃ cant differences in IIEF score before and after treatment in the TCM group（P < 0.05）. Before treatment，there were no significant differences in IIEF score，BDI score，SAI score and TAI score between the two groups（P > 0.05）. After treatment，IIEF score of acupuncture group was higher than that of TCM group（P < 0.05）；BDI score of acu⁃ puncture group was better than that of TCM group（P < 0.05）. There were no adverse events in both acupuncture group and TCM group during treatment. Conclusion Local acupoint acupuncture combined with YishenTongluo⁃Formula and YishenTongluoFormula alonecould effectively relieve erectile dysfunction，and the addition of local acupoint acupuncture could improve the clinical efficacy and depression symptoms.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis（BIA）is a simple，objective，noninvasive and rapid method to evaluate human body composition. The measured phase angle can be used to evaluate the nutritional status of patients. The International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism recommends that patients with maintenance hemodialysis（MHD）can be measured regularly for BIA，to assess nutritional status and take preventive measures. This paper reviews the research progress of bioelectrical impedance phase angle in the evaluation of nutritional status of MHD patients.

Non ⁃puerperal mastitis（NPM）is a rare benign breast disease，which is intractable. Its inci⁃ dence is increasing year by year in recent years. NPM includes mammary duct ectasia（MDE），periductal mastitis （PDM），plasma cell mastitis（PCM）and granulomatous lobular mastitis（GLM）. Clinically，NPM is often misdi⁃ agnosed or treated improperly，leading to bad consequences such as longer course，poor curative effect，obvious breast deformity and more medical expense. In this review，classification，risk factors，diagnosis，treatment and prognosis of NPM are summarized by searching and reading literature about NPM from both domestic and foreign database，in order to provide a basis for clinicians to diagnose and treat NPM and open up a new insight to it as well.

Magnetic compression anastomosis（MCA），as a new type of lumen anastomosis technique， has the advantages of simple operation，rapid anastomosis，no foreign body reaction after anastomosis，less compli⁃ cations，and a large age span of the applicable population. It provides an effective minimally invasive treatment for patients who are not suitable for traditional surgery. It can be applied to the anastomosis between different digestive tract lumens，and can achieve rapid reconstruction of digestive tract lumen. This article reviews the research prog⁃ ress of magnetic compression anastomosis and its application in rapid digestive tract reconstruction.