Abstract:

Objective The distribution of non ⁃tuberculous mycobacteria（NTM）and the changes in the status of NTM lung disease（NTM⁃PD）in Guangzhou were analyzed in order to provide a reference for the preven⁃ tion and treatment of NTM⁃PD. Methods Specimens of positive cultures of mycobacteria such as sputum，bronchial irrigation fluid，pus，urine，serous effusion，cerebrospinal fluid and puncture in inpatient and outpatient patients of Guangzhou Chest Hospital from 2018 to 2021 were collected，and 18 501 strains of culture⁃positive Mycobacterium strains were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Different characteristics such as NTM strain source， strain distribution，sex，age and so on were analyzed. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 23.0 statis⁃ tics software. The comparison of the rates was measured by x2，and the difference between P < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results From 2018 to 2021，a total of 18 501 strains of mycobacteria positive in various specimens were identified by gene chip method，and the NTM detection rate was 35.45%（6 558/18 501），of which the total detection rate of sputum and bronchial irrigation solution was 36.67%（6 426/17 522）；6 558 strains of NTM （calculated by annual elimination of repeated cases）came from 4 336 patients，and the NTM isolation rates were 28.01%，29.04%，respectively. 29.63%，31.68%；The total number of cases in the four years（deleting inter⁃ annual recurrence）was 3 624，the isolation rate of NTM infected patients was 27.98%（3 624/12 950）；the distri⁃bution of the top 5 species was：MAC 1305 cases（36.01%），turtle ⁃abscess mycobacterium complex group 1240 cases（34.22%），Mycobacterium Kansas 286 cases（7.89%），occasional mycobacteria 285 cases（7.86%），There were 137 cases of Mycobacterium Gordon（3.78%）. The sex ratio of men to women was 1∶139（1 694∶1 930），and the peak age group was 51⁃70 years old（46.36%）. Conclusion In recent years，the detection rate of NTM in Guangzhou has shown an upward trend year by year，the distribution of strains was diverse，the popular strains were mainly stable states of bird⁃intracellular mycobacteria and mycobacterium turtle⁃abscess；middle⁃aged and elderly patients werethe susceptible population，and the female population should be also paid attention to. Finding a more suitable strain identification technology for routine clinical use is the focus of improving accurate diagnosis at present.

Key words:

mycobacterium, atypical, strains, epidemiological studies, ornithus ? intracellular mycobacterium complex, turtle?abscess mycobacterium complex