实用医学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 1445-1455.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006⁃5725.2021.11.015

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

超早产儿纠正6月龄内体格和神经发育结局随访研究

吴艳, 钟晓云, 龚华, 陈文, 章晓婷, 赵祥群, 李明英    

  1. 重庆市妇幼保健院新生儿科(重庆 401147)

  • 出版日期:2021-06-10 发布日期:2021-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 钟晓云 E⁃mail:13883519380@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市科学技术委员会技术创新与应用发展专项基金资助项目(编号:cstc2019jscx⁃msxmX0232)

R722.6 Follow ⁃up study on physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants at corrected age of 6 months 

WU Yan,ZHONG Xiaoyun,GONG Hua,CHEN Wen,ZHANG Xiaoting,ZHAO Xiangqun,LI Mingying.   

  1. Department of Neonatal,Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children,Chongqing 401147,China

  • Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-06-10
  • Contact: ZHONG Xiaoyun E⁃mail:13883519380@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解超早产儿纠正 6 月龄内的体格和神经系统预后情况,为家长和医师的救治提供 依据和参考。方法 回顾性分析我院 2015⁃2019 年间存活出院的超早产儿纠正 6 月龄内的随访资料。 结果 (1)我院救治存活至出院的超早产儿(extreme preterm infants,EPIs)共 63 例,失访 11 例,纳入本研究 者共52例,出生胎龄(26.85 ± 0.76)周,出生体重(952.25 ± 123.04)g。(2)出院时、纠正胎龄40周和纠正6 龄时体重宫外生长迟缓(extrauterine growth retardation,EUGR)的发生率分别为 75.00%、38.46%、23.07%,头 EUGR 的发生率分别为 78.84%、23.08%、25.64%,身长 EUGR 的发生率分别为 76.92%、40.38%、12.82% 3)纠正 3 ~ 6 月龄时婴儿神经系统国际测量量表(infant neurological international battery,Infanib)测评结果 过渡 51.28%,正常 48.72%。(4)纠正 6 月龄时 Gesell 发育量表结果提示大运动、精细运动、适应性、语言及 个人社交发育商(DQ)轻中度落后的比例分别为 32.43%、10.81%、32.43%、10.81%、13.51%;五个功能区均 75 21 例(56.75%)。(5)纠正 6 月龄时 Bayley 发育量表结果:单纯 MDI < 70 分者 1 例(2.70%),单纯 PDI < 70 分者 3 例(8.11%),MDI PDI 均< 70 分者 1 例(2.70%),均≥ 80 19 例(51.35%)。MDI PDI 分<80 分与住院时间长、合并坏死性小肠结肠炎相关(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)相关。(6)未发现失明 和耳聋的发生。结论 纠正 6 月龄时 40% ~ 50%超早产儿神经系统评估处于轻度异常至临界状态,针对这部分孩子需进一步加强规范化的随访和神经系统早期干预,以期减少神经系统不良预后的发生。

关键词:

神经发育, 体格发育, 发育商, 超早产儿, 预后

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the physical and neurological prognosis of extremely preterm infants (EPIs)at corrected age of 6 months in order to provide basis for parents and doctors to make treatment decisions. Methods Retrospectively,the follow⁃up data of EPIs who survived and discharged from our hospital from 2015 to 2019 within corrected age of 6 months were analyzed. Results (1)Totally,63 EPIs survived and discharged in our hospital,11 out of follow⁃ups after discharge,and then 52 included in this study. The gestational age at birth was 26.18 to 27.55 weeks,and the birth weight 840 to 1040 g.(2)The incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR)in weight was 75.00%,38.46%,23.07% the incidence of EUGR in head circumference was 78.84% 23.08%,25.64%,and the incidence of EUGR in body length was 76.92%,40.38%,12.82% at discharge,the corrected gestational age of 40 weeks and corrected age of 6 months,respectively.(3)By Infant Neurological Inter⁃ national Battery(Infanib),transition 51.28% of them were scored between 49 ~ 65,a medium level and 48.72% higher than 66,a normal level,at the corrected age of 3 ~ 6 months.(4)By Gesell Development Scale the propor⁃ tion of mild to moderate abnormal development quotient(DQ)of gross motor movement,fine movement,adaptabil⁃ ity,language and personal social contact at the corrected age of 3 ~ 6 months were 32.43%,10.81%,32.43% 10.81%,13.51%,respectively;Among them,21(56.75%)were scored > 75 in the five functional areas.(5)By Bayley Development Scale at the corrected age of 6 months,1 case(2.70%)was scored < 70 for MDI,3 cases (8.11% < 70 in PDI,1 case(2.70%)< 70 in MDI and PDI,and 19 cases(51.35%)≥ 80 in both MDI and PDI. MDI or PDI with the score <80 was associated with long hospital stay and necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).(6)blindness or deafness was found. Conclusion At the corrected age of 6 months,40% ~ 50% of the premature in⁃ fants are in a mild abnormal state neurologically. Further standardized follow⁃up and early neurological intervention are needed for these children in order to reduce the occurrence of adverse neurological prognosis. 

Key words:

neurodevelopment, physical development, developmental quotient, extremely preterm infants, prognosis