实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (21): 3392-3397.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.21.014

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    

血清褪黑素、前列腺素2水平与早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎病情及预后的关系

马云霞,张颖,刘丹   

  1. 天津医科大学总医院儿科 (天津 300052 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-29 出版日期:2025-11-10 发布日期:2025-11-13
  • 基金资助:
    天津市卫生健康科技项目(20ZXMFCY0076)

Relationship between serum melatonin, prostaglandin E2 levels and disease severity and prognosis in premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

Yunxia MA,Ying ZHANG,Dan. LIU   

  1. Department of Pediatrics,General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300052,Tianjin,China
  • Received:2025-05-29 Online:2025-11-10 Published:2025-11-13

摘要:

目的 探讨血清褪黑素、前列腺素2(PGE2)水平与早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)病情及预后的关系。 方法 选取2022年1月至2025年2月我院收治的NEC患儿215例(NEC组)和同期健康早产儿80例(对照组),根据早产儿NEC病情(Bell-NEC分期)分为轻度NEC组(67例)、中度NEC组(90例)、重度NEC组(58例)。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清褪黑素、PGE2水平,斯皮尔曼相关分析早产儿NEC血清褪黑素、PGE2水平与Bell-NEC分期的相关性。根据28 d预后将早产儿NEC分为不良预后组和良好预后组,通过多因素logistic回归和ROC分析血清褪黑素、PGE2水平与早产儿NEC预后的关系及预测能效,决策曲线分析临床净效益。 结果 与对照组比较,NEC组血清褪黑素水平降低,PGE2水平升高(P < 0.05)。轻度NEC组、中度NEC组、重度NEC组血清褪黑素水平依次降低,PGE2水平依次升高(P < 0.05)。早产儿NEC血清褪黑素水平与Bell-NEC分期呈负相关,PGE2水平与Bell-NEC分期呈正相关(P < 0.05)。215例NEC患儿28 d预后不良率为18.60%(40/215)。病情重度、PGE2升高为早产儿NEC预后不良的独立危险因素,出生体质量升高、褪黑素升高为保护因素(P < 0.05)。血清褪黑素、PGE2水平及二者联合预测早产儿NEC预后的曲线下面积为0.797、0.780、0.880,二者联合预测能效最大(P < 0.05)。当阈值> 0.1时,二者联合预测早产儿NEC预后净效益大于血清褪黑素、PGE2水平单独预测。 结论 早产儿NEC血清褪黑素水平降低、PGE2水平升高与病情加重及预后不良有关,血清褪黑素、PGE2水平联合对预后的预测能效较高。

关键词: 早产儿, 坏死性小肠结肠炎, 褪黑素, 前列腺素2, 病情, 预后

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum melatonin and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels with disease severity and prognosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants. Methods A total of 215 premature infants diagnosed with NEC (NEC group) admitted to our hospital between January 2022 and February 2025 and 80 healthy premature infants (control group) were prospectively enrolled. NEC cases were stratified by Bell′s staging divided into mild (n = 67), moderate (n = 90), and severe (n = 58) subgroups. Serum levels of melatonin and PGE2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum melatonin, PGE2 levels and Bell staging. According to the 28-day prognosis assessment, NEC infants were divided into a poor prognosis group and a good prognosis group. Multivariate logistic regression and ROC analysis were used to explore the association and predictive value of serum melatonin and PGE2 levels in NEC prognosis, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate clinical net benefit. Results Compared with the control group, the NEC group had significantly lower serum melatonin levels and higher PGE2 levels (P < 0.05). Among the NEC subgroups, serum melatonin levels decreased and PGE2 levels increased progressively from mild to severe NEC (P < 0.05). Serum melatonin was negatively correlated with Bell stage, while PGE2 was positively correlated (P < 0.05). The 28-day poor prognosis rate in NEC infants was 18.60% (40/215). Severe disease and elevated PGE2 were independent risk factors for poor prognosis, while higher birth weight and increased melatonin were independent protective factors (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting prognosis using melatonin, PGE2, and their combination was 0.797, 0.780, and 0.880, respectively, with the combined prediction performing significantly better than either biomarker alone (P < 0.05). DCA indicated that when the threshold probability exceeded 0.1, the net benefit of the combined model was greater than that of either marker alone. Conclusion In premature infants with NEC, reduced serum melatonin and elevated PGE2 levels are associated with increased disease severity and poor prognosis. The combination of serum melatonin and PGE2 levels provides high predictive value for prognosis.

Key words: premature infant, necrotizing enterocolitis, melatonin, prostaglandin E2, disease severity, prognosis

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