实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 3802-3808.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.24.002

• 脑与心身医学专栏 • 上一篇    

阿尔茨海默病中DNA甲基化与氧化应激的双向调控与正反馈网络

陈祉伊,刘思睿,韩景献,张雪竹()   

  1. 天津中医药大学第一附属医院针灸科,国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心 (天津 300381 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-29 出版日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2025-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 张雪竹 E-mail:xzzhang@tjutcm.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82174492)

Interaction between DNA methylation and oxidative stress in Alzheimer′s disease: Bidirectional regulation and positive⁃feedback networks

Zhiyi CHEN,Sirui LIU,Jingxian HAN,Xuezhu. ZHANG()   

  1. Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion,the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Tianjin 300381,Tianjin,China
  • Received:2025-07-29 Online:2025-12-25 Published:2025-12-25
  • Contact: Xuezhu. ZHANG E-mail:xzzhang@tjutcm.edu.cn

摘要:

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease, AD)是一种以β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)沉积和Tau蛋白过度磷酸化为特征的神经退行性疾病,在其病理发展过程中,氧化应激扮演着重要角色。研究发现,DNA甲基化作为关键表观遗传调控机制,与氧化应激共同构成AD病理进展的核心网络。该文综述了AD中DNA甲基化异常如何通过调控抗氧化能力、损伤线粒体功能及触发炎症通路加剧氧化损伤的分子机制,同时,探讨了氧化应激通过消耗甲基供体、诱导DNA氧化性损伤以及导致表观遗传酶失活进而引发的甲基化失衡在AD中的交互作用,旨在识别早期AD的分子诊断标志物,为探索氧化还原失衡以及表观遗传失调的联合治疗策略提供创新思路和依据。

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, DNA甲基化, 氧化应激, Aβ沉积, Tau蛋白, 线粒体

Abstract:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role throughout its pathological progression. Recent studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation, a key epigenetic regulatory mechanism, interacts with oxidative stress to form a core network underlying AD pathogenesis. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms through which aberrant DNA methylation in AD exacerbates oxidative damage by impairing antioxidant defenses, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and activating inflammatory pathways. Moreover, it examines the bidirectional interplay between oxidative stress and DNA methylation imbalance in AD: Oxidative stress depletes methyl donors, causes oxidative DNA lesions, and impairs the activity of epigenetic regulatory enzymes. The study aims to identify potential molecular diagnostic markers for early-stage AD and to provide novel insights and a theoretical basis for developing combined therapeutic strategies targeting both redox imbalance and epigenetic dysregulation.

Key words: Alzheimer's disease, DNA methylation, oxidative stress, Aβ deposition, Tau protein, mitochondrion

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