实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18): 2953-2960.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.18.024

• 综述 • 上一篇    

强直性脊柱炎中Th17细胞分化调控机制及其治疗靶点的研究进展

余明阳,李甲,冯新哲,毕晶晶,李诚()   

  1. 海军军医大学第一附属医院关节骨病外科 (上海 200433 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 李诚 E-mail:drlicheng@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82402766);海军军医大学第一附属医院“长风破浪·海纳百川”人才工程基金项目

Research progress on Th17 cell differentiation regulation mechanisms and therapeutic targets in ankylosing spondylitis

Mingyang YU,Jia LI,Xinzhe FENG,Jingjing BI,Cheng LI()   

  1. Department of Joint Orthopedics,the First Affiliated to the Naval Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433,Shanghai,China
  • Received:2025-07-01 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-25
  • Contact: Cheng LI E-mail:drlicheng@sina.com

摘要:

强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis, AS)是一种以脊柱和骶髂关节为主要受累部位的自身免疫性疾病,特点是慢性炎症和病理性骨化。辅助性T细胞亚群17(T helper 17 cells, Th17细胞)作为关键的免疫细胞亚群,在AS的炎症反应中备受关注。该文系统梳理了AS中Th17细胞分化调控机制的最新研究进展,深度剖析了Th17细胞在细胞因子微环境、转录因子协同网络以及代谢表观遗传调控等多层面的复杂调控机制,揭示了其在AS病理进程中的关键作用。同时,结合近期研究进展,重点明确了IL-23/STAT3信号、CCL20/CCR6轴以及RORγt等关键靶点的调控作用,分析了靶向代谢重编程(如丙酮酸激酶M2(pyruvate kinase M2, PKM2))、表观遗传修饰[如组蛋白修饰酶(jumonji domain containing 3, JMJD3)和H3K27甲基转移酶(enhancer of zeste homolog 2, EZH2)]、工程化外泌体递送系统及代谢酶调节剂等新兴干预策略。通过整合现有治疗药物的局限性分析,提出多靶点干预策略的未来研究方向,并强调个体化医疗(靶向治疗)对AS精准治疗的重要性。这些研究为调控Th17细胞分化提供了潜在的干预策略,旨在为AS的临床治疗提供新的思路和方向。

关键词: 强直性脊柱炎, Th17细胞, IL-17/IL-23轴, 信号通路, 靶向治疗, 转录调控, 骨重塑

Abstract:

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory involvement of the axial skeleton and pathological bone formation. The T helper 17 cell (Th17 cell) subset of lymphocytes plays a central role in mediating the inflammatory processes associated with AS. This review summarizes recent advances in the regulation of Th17 cell differentiation in AS, with a focus on the complex mechanisms governed by cytokine microenvironments, transcription factor networks, and metabolic and epigenetic regulatory pathways. Key regulatory components discussed include the IL-23/STAT3 signaling axis, the CCL20/CCR6 chemotactic axis, and the master transcription factor RORγt. Additionally, this review critically evaluates emerging therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic reprogramming (e.g., PKM2), epigenetic regulators (e.g., JMJD3, EZH2), engineered exosome delivery systems, and modulators of metabolic enzymes. By analyzing the limitations of current treatment approaches, the review proposes future research directions emphasizing multi-target therapeutic strategies and highlights the importance of personalized medicine in achieving precise and effective treatment for AS. These developments reveal promising new avenues for modulating Th17-mediated immunity, offering transformative potential for the clinical management of AS.

Key words: ankylosing spondylitis, Th17 cells, IL-23/IL-17 axis, signaling pathways, targeted therapy, transcriptional regulation, bone remodeling

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