实用医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1737-1743.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.12.021

• 新技术新方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型冠状病毒亚基因组RNA检测方法的建立及性能评估

赵祉薇1,陈茶2,黄彬1()   

  1. 1.中山大学附属第一医院医学检验科 (广州 510080 )
    2.广东省中医院检验医学部 (广州 510120 )
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-08 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-06-14
  • 通讯作者: 黄彬 E-mail:huangb3@mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省重点领域研发计划项目(212020012620600005);广州市科技计划项目重点研发计划项目(202103000026)

Establishment and performance evaluation of subgenomic RNA detection methods for the 2019 novel coronavirus

Zhiwei ZHAO1,Cha CHEN2,Bin HUANG1()   

  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat?sen University,Guangdong 510080,China
  • Received:2024-01-08 Online:2024-06-25 Published:2024-06-14
  • Contact: Bin HUANG E-mail:huangb3@mail.sysu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 建立检测新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)亚基因组RNA(subgenomic RNA, sgRNA)的方法,并对所建立的方法进行性能评估。 方法 根据新型冠状病毒sgRNA序列设计引物和探针,建立检测sgRNA的实时荧光逆转录PCR(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR)方法,对所建立的方法进行优化,包括引物、探针的浓度及比例、延伸温度、反应体积和模板量。并对所建立的方法进行性能评估,包括最低检测限、灵敏度、特异性和重复性。对临床样本进行新冠病毒sgRNA和基因组RNA(genomic RNA, gRNA)检测,并对检测结果进行分析。 结果 建立了检测新冠病毒sgRNA的RT-PCR方法。所建方法的最低检测限为100 copies/mL,对常见病原体的检测结果均为阴性。对高、中、低浓度样本sgRNA进行检测,CV均< 5%。115例疑似新冠病毒感染者的咽拭子样本sgRNA为阳性(115/330,阳性率为34.85%)。gRNA-N Ct值< 30时,sgRNA-N的阳性率为100.00%;gRNA-N的 Ct值介于30 ~ 32时,sgRNA-N的阳性率为68.75%;gRNA-N的 Ct值介于32 ~ 35时,sgRNA-N的阳性率为44.44%;gRNA-N的Ct值> 35时,sgRNA-N均为阴性。 结论 建立了新冠病毒sgRNA的RT-PCR检测方法,方法灵敏、特异、重复性好。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒, 亚基因组RNA, 聚合酶链反应, 逆转录

Abstract:

Objective To establish a method for detecting the 2019 novel coronavirus subgenomic RNA (sgRNA), and evaluate the performance of the established method. Methods Primers and probes were designed according to the subgenomic sequence of the 2019 novel coronavirus, and a reverse transcription PCR method for sgRNA detection was established. The established method was optimized, including the concentration and proportion of primers and probes, extension temperature, reaction volume and template amount. The performance of the method was evaluated, including the limit of detection, sensitivity, specificity and repeatability. sgRNA and genomic RNA (gRNA) were detected in clinical samples, and the results were analyzed. Results In this study, an RT-PCR method for the detection of sgRNA of the 2019 novel coronavirus was established. The limit of detection of this method was 100 copies/mL, and the detection results of common pathogens were negative. The CV of sgRNA in high, medium and low concentration samples were less than 5%. sgRNA was positive in 115 suspected 2019 novel coronavirus infected patients (115/330, 34.85%). When the Ct value of gRNA-N was less than 30, the positive rate of sgRNA was 100.00%. When the Ct value of gRNA-N was in the range of 30-32, the positive rate of sgRNA was 68.75%. When the Ct value of gRNA-N was in the range of 32-35, the positive rate of sgRNA was 44.44%. When the Ct value of gRNA-N was greater than 35, the sgRNA was negative. Conclusion The RT-PCR method for the detection of sgRNA of the 2019 novel coronavirus was established, and the detection method was sensitive, specific and reproducible.

Key words: 2019 novel coronavirus, subgenomic RNA, polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription

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