Obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia are two common diseases with a higher prevalence in the population. When these two diseases co⁃exist，they will evolve into a new disease with its own morbidity characteris⁃ tics，increasing the overall severity of the disease. The treatment for the new disorder is more difficult than that for either of the two original diseases. This article summarizes the epidemiology，pathogenesis，clinical manifestations， treatments and influencing factors of obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia.