Objective To investigate the effect of G protein ⁃ coupled estrogen receptor （GPER）on ischemia ⁃ reperfusion（I/R）injury. Methods Female ovariectomized（OVX）rats were randomly divided into OVX group，OVX + I/R group，OVX + I/R +G1（GPER agonist）group，OVX + I/R +G15（GPER blocker）+ G1 group. The renal function of rats in each group was detected，HE staining and Paller score were used to evaluate the degree of renal tissue damage ，and the expression position and expression level of renal tissue apoptosis⁃ related proteins were observed. Results Compared with the OVX group，the renal function of the OVX+I/R group was significantly damaged（P < 0.01），Paller score increased（P < 0.01），and the positive expression of Bcl⁃2 protein in renal tubular epithelial cells and the expression of renal tissue were reduced. The positive expression of Caspase⁃3 protein in renal tubular epithelial cells and the expression of renal tissue increased（P < 0.01）. The renal function damage was significantly reduced after G1 intervention （P < 0.01），Paller score significantly decreased（P < 0.01），the expression of Bcl⁃2 significantly increased，and the expression of Caspase⁃3 protein significantly decreased （P < 0.01）. The protective effect of G1 activated GPER G15 group was partially reversed （all P < 0.01）. Conclusion Activated GPER can alleviate renal I/R injury，and its mechanism may be achieved by regulating the apoptosis pathway.