Objective To explore psychological resilience and influencing factors in the frontline medical staff during the fight against novel coronavirus pneumonia. Methods The medical staff worked on the frontline of the anti⁃epidemic period from January to April 2020 were selected as study objects. The general information questionnaire， psychological resilience scale，post⁃traumatic stress disorder scale，and social support scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on posttraumatic stress disorder，psychological resilience，and social support levels in the frontline medical staff during the fight against the epidemic. Single⁃ and multiple⁃factor Logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of psychological resilience. Results The scores of psychological resil⁃ ience，posttraumatic stress disorder and social support level of in the front⁃line medical staff were（63.01 ± 7.49）， （31.59 ± 9.01），and（39.32 ± 5.94）points，respectively. Disinfection protection（OR = 5.115），prevention and control training（OR = 3.503），stress response（OR = 0.889），and social support（OR = 2.173）were independent factors affecting psychological resilience in the front⁃line medical staff. Conclusions The scores of psychological resilience in the anti⁃epidemic front⁃line medical staff are lower than those at the average level. Psychological resil⁃ience is closely related to stress response and social support.