The Journal of Practical Medicine >

2026 , Vol. 42 >Issue 15: 2824 - 2831

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.15.019

Treatise：Mechanism and Practice

The effect of nebulization of human interferon alpha-1b combined with budesonide on serum CCL5 and CCL11 levels and clinical efficacy in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

  • Yinjuan ZHANG ,
  • Yaping YAN ,
  • Yanrong WANG
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  • Department of Pediatrics，Ningxia Medical University General Hospital，Yinchuan 750004，Ningxia，China

Received date: 2026-05-29

  Revised date: 2026-06-18

  Accepted date: 2026-06-22

  Online published: 2026-08-13

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of nebulized human interferon alpha-1b in combination with budesonide on the levels of serum chemokine ligand 5 （CCL5） and chemokine ligand 11 （CCL11） and the clinical efficacy in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） pneumonia. Methods A total of 270 children with severe RSV pneumonia who were admitted to Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from March 2022 to February 2025 were prospectively included and randomly divided into a control group （n = 135） and an observation group （n = 135） using a random number table. Both groups received basic symptomatic treatment. Specifically， the control group received budesonide nebulization inhalation treatment， while the observation group received human interferon alpha-1b nebulization treatment on the basis of the treatment given to the control group. The improvement time of symptoms after treatment， serum CCL5 and CCL11 levels， Th1/Th2 immune balance indicators， airway remodeling and oxidative stress indicators， blood gas indicators， and adverse reactions before and after treatment were compared. Results The disappearance time of cough， wheezing， and lung rales in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group （P < 0.05）. After treatment， the serum levels of CCL5 and CCL11 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The levels of interleukin-4 （IL-4） in the observation group were lower than those in the control group， while the levels of interferon gamma （IFN-γ） and the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. The observation group had lower levels of mucin 5AC （MUC5AC） and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine （8-OHdG） and higher levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD） compared to the control group （P < 0.05）. The arterial partial pressure of oxygen （PaO2）， oxygenation index （PaO2/FiO2）， and blood oxygen saturation （SpO2） in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P > 0.05）. Conclusions The combination of human interferon alpha-1b and budesonide nebulized inhalation therapy can remarkably enhance the clinical symptoms in children suffering from severe RSV pneumonia. Through down-regulating the levels of serum CCL5 and CCL11， regulating the levels of Th1/Th2 immune index， inhibiting airway remodeling， lessening oxidative stress damage， and improving blood gas status， this combination therapy demonstrates high safety.

Key words： human interferon alpha-1b; budesonide; respiratory syncytial virus; severe pneumonia; child

Cite this article

Yinjuan ZHANG , Yaping YAN , Yanrong WANG . The effect of nebulization of human interferon alpha-1b combined with budesonide on serum CCL5 and CCL11 levels and clinical efficacy in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2026 , 42(15) : 2824 -2831 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.15.019

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