Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Schroth PSSE combined with 3D printing braces in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Method Forty patients were included and divided into a support group （3D printing support group） and a support + exercise therapy group （3D printing support + Schroth PSSE group）. Excluding outliers and lost follow-up data， 32 patients were ultimately included， with 16 patients in each group. Wearing time ≥ 18 h for both groups of 3D printing supports. The intervention period of Schroth PSSE is 12 weeks， and exercise is maintained after 12 weeks until the end of follow-up. The longest follow-up time for the brace group was 25 months， with an average follow-up time of （15.00 ± 1.29） months. The longest follow-up time for the brace+exercise therapy group was 24 months， with an average follow-up time of （16.59 ± 1.01） months. Relevant indicators were evaluated after follow-up. Results The support and exercise therapy group showed better improvement in Cobb angle and trunk rotation angle （ATR） than the support group， with statistically significant differences （P < 0.05）； The distance between the midpoint of the C₇ vertebral body and the midline of the sacrum （C₇-CSVL） in the support and exercise therapy group showed a statistically significant difference before and after treatment （P < 0.05）， while there was a significant difference before and after Apical Vertebral Translation（AVT ）treatment （P < 0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference compared to the support group （P < 0.05）； In terms of SRS-22 score， the brace + exercise therapy group can comprehensively improve the SRS-22 score. Conclusion The combination of Schroth PSSE and 3D printing braces has a better effect on improving Cobb angle and torso rotation angle， improving coronary imbalance， increasing patient satisfaction， and improving quality of life compared to using 3D printing braces alone.