Objective To investigate the serum selenium and urinary iodine level and their correlation with thyroid nodule in patients in Guangzhou. Methods The general information， thyroid function and autoantibodies， blood selenium， and urinary iodine level of patients from thyroid nodule group （n = 150） and control group （n = 76， without nodule） were collected. Based on ultrasonographic features， the thyroid nodule group was further divided into subgroups based on the number of nodules and TI-RADS classification （single nodule group vs. multiple nodule group； diameter < 1 cm group vs. diameter ≥ 1 cm group； TR < 4 group vs. TR ≥ 4 group）. The difference of selenium and iodine among different groups were investigated. Results （1）The thyroid nodule group had significantly advanced age， and higher BMI， incidence of family history of thyroid nodule， incidence of depression， and level of FT3， TGAb， and TPOAb （P < 0.05）， but lower selenium and iodine level （P < 0.05）. （2）Compared to the single nodule group， the multiple nodule group had a higher average age （P < 0.05）； compared to the TR < 4 group， the TR ≥ 4 group had younger age， and level of selenium and iodine （P < 0.05）. （3）Logistic regression analysis showed that older age， overweight and obesity， positive family history， depression and lower selenium level were positively correlated with thyroid nodule. Age > 40 years was positively associated with multiple nodules. Lower selenium level was positively associated with TI-RADS classification ≥ 4. Conclusion Patients with thyroid nodule in Guangzhou may have clinical characteristics of older age， more prominent overweight and obesity， higher incidence of family history of thyroid nodule， more obvious depression and lower selenium level. Patients with multiple nodules are older， and the higher TI-RADS classification； the lower selenium level.