Objective Evaluate the value of PEG-rhG-CSF in preventing neutropenia in ovarian epithelial cancer patients after AC regimen chemotherapy. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on 136 patients with ovarian epithelial cancer who received AC regimen chemotherapy at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology， Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital. The observation group consisted of 87 patients who received prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF after chemotherapy， while the control group consisted of 49 patients who did not use PEG-rhG-CSF. The independent sample T-test， analysis of variance， and Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in neutropenia， neutropenic fever， QOL-C30， liver and kidney function between the two groups. Results The incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （5.5% vs. 15.9%， 0.8% vs. 2.8%）， and the differences were statistically significant （P < 0.001）； There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of liver and kidney function damage between the observation group and the control group （3.4% vs. 4.0%， P > 0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred between the two groups （P > 0.05）. Quality of life assessment analysis found that the functional area score and overall health status score of the observation group were higher than those of the control group （67.89 ± 13.95 vs. 50.22 ± 15.17， 68.05 ± 17.09 vs. 48.74 ± 20.18）， the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. Conclusion PEG-rhG-CSF has high efficacy and safety in preventing neutropenia after AC regimen chemotherapy for ovarian epithelial cancer， with mild adverse reactions， and can improve the quality of life of ovarian epithelial cancer patients undergoing AC regimen chemotherapy.