Objective To investigate the predictive value of SUMO specific protease 1（SENP⁃1）/hypoxia inducible factor⁃1（HIF⁃1α）pathway on the outcome of cardiovascular events（CVE）in patients with obstructive sleep apnea⁃hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS）. Methods Eighty male patients diagnosed as OSAHS in our hospital from January 2018 to March 2021 were selected and divided into mild group（43 patients），moderate group（22 patients）and severe group（15 patients）. At the same time，43 normal healthy men who had physical examination in the physical examination center of our hospital were selected as the normal group. In addition，80 OSAHS patients were divided into CVE group（28 cases）and non CVE group（52 cases）according to whether cardiovascular events （CVE）occurred during the 1⁃year follow⁃up period. Clinical baseline data and routine biochemical indexes of patients were collected；serum SENP⁃1，HIF⁃1α and VEGF of SENP⁃1/HIF⁃1α signaling pathway were detected by ELISA assay；multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of CVE in OSAHS patients； ROC analysis of serum SENP⁃1，HIF⁃1α and VEGF level to predict on the occurrence of CVE in OSAHS patients. Results Compared with those in the mild group，the body mass index，alanine aminotransferase，glutamic oxalo⁃acetic transaminase，triglyceride，serum creatinine，AHI and Ts90% value in the moderate group and severe group were significantly increased（P < 0.05），and LSpO2 value was significantly decreased（P < 0.05），especially significantly in the severe group（P < 0.05）. Compared with that in the mild group，serum SENP⁃1，HIF⁃1α and VEGF level in the moderate group and severe group were significantly higher（P < 0.05），especially higher in the severe group（P < 0.05）；serum SENP ⁃1，HIF ⁃1α and VEGF level in CVE group was significantly higher than that in non CVE group（P < 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum SENP⁃1，HIF⁃1α and VEGF level were independent risk factors for CVE in OSAHS patients（OR = 1.133，1.090，and 1.066 respectively， all P < 0.05）. ROC curve analysis showed that serum SENP⁃1，HIF⁃1α and VEGF level had predictive value for the occurrence of CVE in OSAHS patients，and the area under ROC curve was 0.890，0.837，and 0.802 respectively （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Serum SENP⁃1，HIF⁃1α and VEGF level are independent risk factors for the occurrence of CVE in OSAHS patients，which can predict the occurrence of CVE in OSAHS patients.