Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 3D printing model combined with percuta⁃ neous transhepatic one⁃step biliary fistula（PTOBF）and rigid choledochoscopy in the treatment of intrahepatic duct stones in patients with type I bile duct classification. Methods Clinical data of 40 patients with intrahepatic bile duct type I classification were analyzed. In experimental group，17 patients were treated with a 3D printing model combined with PTOBF and rigid choledochoscopy；23 patients in control group underwent simple PTOBF and rigid choledochoscopy. Seven indicators including primary operation time，primary removal rate，incidence of multi ⁃ phase lithotomy，final removal rate，amount of surgical bleeding，channel size，and complications in the two groups were observed and compared. Results The primary and final clearance rates of patients in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group（P < 0.05）. There were lower incidence of multi⁃phase lithotomy， reduced time of primary operation，less amount of bleeding and main postoperative complications in the experimental group，when compared those in the control group，showing statistical differences（P < 0.05）. There was no signifi⁃ cant difference in channel size between the two groups（P > 0.05）. Conclusion There are shortened operation time，high stone removal rate and few complications with a 3D printing model combined with PTOBF and rigid choledochoscopy in the treatment of intrahepatic duct stones，which is safe and worth to be popularized in clinical practice.