Immune checkpoint inhibitors（ICIs）have rapidly developed in recent years，but the benefit of monotherapy is limited. On account of the synergistic mechanism between radiotherapy and ICIs，as well as the suc⁃ cessful clinical trial results of PACIFIC，a series of clinical studies on radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy （IRT）have been conducted in non⁃small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）and have yielded satisfactory results. However， the best combination strategy is still up for debate because the research combinations vary. Here we summarize our understanding of the synergistic mechanisms of IRT and review the most recent advances in development and hot⁃button issues in relevant clinical research in order to provide a reference for the clinical application of the IRT model in NSCLC.