Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and oblique lumbar interbody fusion by microscope assisted for degenerative lumbar stenosis. Method A total of 120 patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis were selected from March 2017 to March 2019 and were assigned to minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion group （Mis ⁃ TLIF group）and oblique lumbar interbody fusion group（OLIF group）. Parameters including operative duration，hemorrhage volume and perioperative complications were collected. The therapeutic effects were assessed by visual analogue scale， Oswestry disability index during follow⁃up period（postoperative 1 week，3 months and 6 months）. The surgical effect was evaluated by the modified MacNab criteria. Results Compared with Mis⁃TLIF group，the intraoperative blood loss，postoperative hospital stay，and postoperative complications of OLIF group were significantly shorter or less（P < 0.05）. The VAS score and ODI score of the two groups were all significantly improved after treatment（P < 0.05）and there was significant difference in ODI score between two groups（P < 0.05）. According to the modified MacNab criteria，no significant difference was found between two groups at follow ⁃ up（P > 0.05）. Conclusion Compared with Mis⁃TLIF，OLIF by microscope assisted was safe and feasible，which not only had less hemorrhage volume，but also shortened the postoperative hospital stay. OLIF by microscope assisted could get satisfying effect in the treatment of degenerative lumbar stenosis.