The development of central nervous system （CNS）is one of the cores of neurobiological research. Noncoding RNAs can regulate CNS development in various ways. Studies have shown that the regulation of lncRNAs and miRNAs is crucial for brain development and cognitive ability，and they not only participate in the proliferation and differentiation of CNS neural stem cells，but also affect multiple processes such as neurite out⁃growth，synaptic stability and myelination. This article reviews the regulatory roles of lncRNA⁃miRNA interaction on the development of the CNS.