Objective To study serum differential proteins in patients with cervical squamous cell carcino⁃ ma at three different periods of pre⁃ and post⁃operation and to compare these proteins with those in a control group. Methods The SELDI⁃TOF⁃MS and weak cation binding microarray（CM10）were used to dynamically analyze serum protein fingerprints in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma before operation（group A1），on postsurgical days 7 ~ 10（group A2）and 30 ~ 40（group A3），and in a control group. The changes in protein fingerprints at different periods were compared and differential proteins were screened. Results The first group contained 16 differential proteins between cervical squamous cell carcinoma and the control group，12 of differed significantly between groups A1 and A2. The contents of these 16 differential proteins showed an upward trend on postoperative days 7 ~ 10，and most of them returned to the level of the controls on days 30 ~ 40. The second group contained 12 differential proteins，which were significantly different between groups A1 and A3，and their levels were increasing in groups A1，A2 and A3，and then returned to the control level on days 30 ~ 40. Conclusions The differential proteins in the first group had significantly statistical differences between cervical squamous cell carcinomas and the controls，which could be used as a biological indicator. At the same time，the proteins in both groups were significantly distinguished during three different periods of pre⁃ and post⁃operation in patients with cervical squamous carcinoma. Detection of differential proteins could be applied as indicators for assessing the efficacy of surgical treatment for cervical squamous carcinoma and for monitoring postoperative condition.