Immune checkpoint inhibitors（ICIs）represented by programmed cell death receptor⁃1 and ligand inhibitors significantly improve the five⁃year overall survival rates of patients with advanced non⁃small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. However，the objective response rate of ICIs treatment is about 20%，and only a small number of patients can benefit from it. Moreover，the response and efficacy of patients to ICIs cannot be accurately predicted by detecting the expression level of PD ⁃ L1. Therefore，more ideal biomarkers need to be identified to screen patients and predict the response to immunotherapy. In recent years，an increasing number of studies has focused on genetic polymorphisms at different sites of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 in NSCLC. In this article，we reviewed the effects of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 gene polymorphisms on susceptibility，prognosis and treatment effect of NSCLC patients，as well as the correlation with immune⁃related adverse events and hyper⁃progressive disease ，so as to explore thepotential predictive biomarkers of ICIs treatment and provide some reference for precision immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC.