As a major difficulty in the field of wound repair，chronic wounds greatly lower the quality of life of patients. In recent years ，adipose⁃derived mesenchymal stem cells（ADSCs）have become a research hotspot in the field of wound repair，with clear efficacy but limitations. Recent studies have indicated that the com⁃ bination of ADSCs and negative pressure wound therapy（NPWT）has a better effect，but there is still no systematic description of it in relevant literature. At present，a large number of studies have shown that NPWT can improve the survival rate of ADSCs，and promote vascular formation and adipose tissue regeneration. The combined applica⁃ tion of ADSCs and NPWT has better efficacy in wound repair and can effectively improve the wound healing rate. This article reviews the mechanism of ADSCs and NPWT on chronic wounds respectively and their combined appli⁃ cation in chronic wounds.