脂肪中SIRT1调控肥胖和胰岛素抵抗的研究进展及靶向治疗策略

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.03.013

Abstract

Abstract:

?Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1（SIRT1）， a highly conserved NAD?-dependent deacetylase， is widely expressed in adipose tissue and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance （IR）. In adipose tissue， SIRT1 ameliorates obesity and related metabolic disorders through multiple mechanisms， including suppression of inflammatory responses， regulation of lipid metabolism， promotion of adipose browning and angiogenesis， and restoration of insulin signaling pathways. Targeted delivery of the SIRT1 agonist resveratrol （Res） to adipose tissue further enhances its therapeutic efficacy against obesity and IR. This article systematically reviews the molecular basis of SIRT1's structure， along with its physiological functions across various organ systems， provides a comprehensive elucidation of its multi-target regulatory network in adipose tissue in the context of obesity and IR， and summarizes various adipose-targeting delivery strategies for SIRT1 agonists， with a focus on Res. The aim is to offer new perspectives and research directions for the treatment of metabolic diseases.

Key words: obesity, insulin resistance, silent information regulator 2 homolog 1, targeted therapy

CLC Number:

R589

Tingzheng XUE,Fengxia LIANG,Liuyang HUANG,Yayuan WANG,Yanjuan SONG. Research progress and targeted therapeutic strategies of the SIRT1 pathway in adipose tissue for improving obesity and insulin resistance[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2026, 42(3): 455-462.

Figures/Tables 2

Fig.1

Tab.1

Comparative analysis of resveratrol adipose-targeting delivery systems"

载体名称

靶向方式与特点

给药方案

与非靶向Res治疗比较的效果差异

参考文献

重组高密度脂蛋白（rHDL）+ 温敏水凝胶

主动靶向：ApoA-I模拟肽结合脂肪细胞SR-BI受体

特点：水溶性提高、缓释性提高、生物相容性好

方式：腹股沟皮下注射?

频次：每4 d 1次，持续24 d

剂量：未明确

vs. Res+凝胶组??

减脂效果更强：iWAT减少率从45.6%提升至68.2%??

减重效果更强：体质量降低率从15% 提升至 27%??

代谢改善更显著：大幅改善血糖、血脂及炎症状态

［52］

传统脂质体

被动靶向：依赖EPR效应（增强渗透滞留）

特点：粒径100 nm、Zeta电位-25mV、水溶性提升30倍、缓释稳定

方式：iWAT局部注射?

频次：每周2次，持续5周

剂量：未明确

vs. 游离Res处理组

肥胖指标改善更优：体质量、脂肪百分比、iWAT和gWAT质量多降低了1.2 ~ 1.6倍?

褐变能力更强：UCP1和TMEM26 mRNA水平多升高了1.8和2.6倍

［53］

大豆磷脂酰胆碱脂质体

被动靶向：依赖脂质体天然亲和性?

特点：粒径（170 ± 6）nm、PDI < 0.2、包封率99.8%、水溶性提升100倍

方式：iWAT注射

频次：每周1次，持续4周

剂量：17.5

mg/kg/次

vs. 游离Res处理组 ??

产热与减脂效果更好：核心体温最高，体质量、体脂量及体脂百分比最低?

血糖调节功能更优

［54］

配体修饰Res纳米颗粒?

主动靶向：表面肽配体靶向ASCs的decorin受体

特点：主动靶向，减少肝积累，延长循环

方式：尾静脉注射?

频次：每2周1次，持续5周

剂量：52.5 mg/（kg·次）

vs. 游离Res处理组 ??

靶向性更优：iWAT中Res含量更高，肝脏积累更少?

疗效更佳：诱导更多米色脂肪形成，在改善葡萄糖稳态、降低炎症及抗肥胖方面效果更显著

［55］

靶向肽修饰纳米颗粒

主动靶向：用新一代ASC靶向肽修饰，特异性强、成本低

特点：高特异性主动靶向

方式：iWAT注射

频率：每2周1次，持续5周

剂量：30 mg/kg/次

vs. 非靶向R-NPs组?

ASC-1-R-NPs组：iWAT减少更显著，褐变基因Tmem26表达更高，并能改善胰岛素敏感性。

ASC-2-R-NPs组：治疗效果甚至高于ASC-1组

［56-57］

羧甲基纤维素微针（MN）+离子电渗（INT）

智能化经皮递送：ASC肽与药物共价偶联，INT增强渗透

特点：无创、局部递送高效

方式：iWAT区域皮肤贴敷?

频次：每周2次，持续4周

剂量：未明确

vs.MN（游离Res）+INT组（非靶向透皮组）：??

减重降脂效果更强：体质量和脂肪百分比降低幅度超1.5倍?

降糖效果更强：血糖水平降低幅度达1.4倍

褐变能力更强：UCP1的mRNA水平增加超3倍

［58］

Tab.1

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