The Journal of Practical Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1555-1562.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.10.018
• Clinical Research • Previous Articles
Jun LIU,Fulin TIAN,Lin CHEN,Jian. LI
Received:
2024-12-25
Online:
2025-05-25
Published:
2025-05-21
CLC Number:
Jun LIU,Fulin TIAN,Lin CHEN,Jian. LI. The relationship between normal high blood pressure and grade 1 hypertension in early pregnancy and maternal preeclampsia and adverse pregnancy outcomes[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2025, 41(10): 1555-1562.
Tab.1
General information of pregnant women"
项目 | 血压正常(n = 2 029) | 正常高值血压(n = 375) | 1级高血压(n = 158) | F/χ2 值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄/岁 | 28.02 ± 5.49 | 28.13 ± 5.82 | 28.26 ± 5.99 | 0.270 | 0.763 |
孕前体质量指数/(kg/m2) | 25.54 ± 5.98 | 30.79 ± 7.46* | 32.32 ± 8.04*# | 46.244 | < 0.001 |
孕期体质量增加/kg | 12.01 ± 5.08 | 13.19 ± 5.64 | 14.53 ± 6.07 | 9.821 | < 0.001 |
民族(汉族)/[例(%)] | 2 008(98.97) | 370(98.67) | 155(98.12) | 1.136 | 0.567 |
婚姻状况(已婚)/[例(%)] | 1 983(97.73) | 364(97.07) | 151(95.57) | 3.158 | 0.206 |
高血压家族史/[例(%)] | 61(3.01) | 14(3.73) | 12(7.59) | 9.561 | 0.008 |
妊娠期糖尿病/[例(%)] | 66(3.25) | 15(4.00) | 8(5.06) | 1.796 | 0.407 |
既往PE史/[例(%)] | 7(0.34) | 3(0.80) | 2(1.27) | 3.702 | 0.157 |
初孕产妇/[例(%)] | 1 623(79.99) | 294(78.40) | 126(79.75) | 0.495 | 0.781 |
流产史/[例(%)] | 103(5.08) | 18(4.80) | 7(4.43) | 0.164 | 0.921 |
早产史/[例(%)] | 20(0.99) | 4(1.07) | 2(1.27) | 0.126 | 0.939 |
辅助生育治疗史/[例(%)] | 101(4.98) | 18(4.80) | 8(5.06) | 0.025 | 0.988 |
孕次 | 1.86 ± 0.32 | 1.91 ± 0.44 | 1.98 ± 0.37 | 4.110 | 0.017 |
产次 | 0.92 ± 0.13 | 1.06 ± 0.28 | 1.22 ± 0.34 | 59.076 | < 0.001 |
产前检查/次 | 5.13 ± 1.89 | 5.22 ± 2.01 | 8.13 ± 2.24 | 120.084 | < 0.001 |
SBP/mmHg | 109.73 ± 6.78 | 128.34 ± 7.16 | 148.13 ± 7.66 | 226.605 | < 0.001 |
DBP/mmHg | 66.92 ± 5.98 | 85.82 ± 4.03 | 94.33 ± 4.08 | 486.250 | < 0.001 |
Tab.2
Comparison of PE and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with different blood pressure levels in early pregnancy"
项目 | 血压正常(n = 2 029) | 正常高值血压(n = 375) | 1级高血压(n = 158) | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PE | 76(3.75) | 29(7.73) | 22(13.92) | 39.420 | < 0.001 |
剖宫产 | 624(30.75) | 112(29.87) | 66(41.77) | 8.697 | 0.013 |
胎盘早剥 | 39(1.92) | 17(4.53) | 13(8.23) | 27.917 | < 0.001 |
自发性早产(37周前分娩) | 81(3.99) | 18(4.80) | 9(5.70) | 1.426 | 0.490 |
产后出血 | 131(6.46) | 26(6.93) | 12(7.59) | 0.389 | 0.823 |
孕20周后死胎 | 6(0.30) | 3(0.08) | 1(0.63) | 2.325 | 0.313 |
阿氏评分< 7 | 24(1.18) | 6(1.60) | 11(6.96) | 31.090 | < 0.001 |
新生儿入住NICU | 257(12.67) | 54(14.40) | 22(13.92) | 0.969 | 0.616 |
小于胎龄儿 | 209(10.30) | 38(10.13) | 16(10.12) | 0.013 | 0.994 |
巨大儿 | 194(9.56) | 36(9.60) | 16(10.13) | 0.054 | 0.973 |
出生28 d内死亡 | 6(0.30) | 1(0.27) | 1(0.63) | 0.565 | 0.754 |
Tab.3
Cox regression variable assignment table"
变量 | 赋值 | |
---|---|---|
因变量 | ||
PE | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
剖宫产 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
胎盘早剥 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
阿氏评分<7 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
自发性早产 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
产后出血 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
孕20周后死胎 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
新生儿入住NICU | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
小于胎龄儿 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
巨大儿 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
出生28 d内死亡 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
自变量 | ||
正常高值血压* | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
1级高血压# | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
年龄/岁 | < 35 = 0,≥ 35 = 1 | |
孕期体质量增加/kg | < 10 = 0,≥ 10 = 1 | |
婚姻状况 | 未婚、丧偶、离异、分居 = 0,已婚 = 1 | |
妊娠期糖尿病 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
初孕产妇 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
早产史 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
孕次 | ≤ 2 = 0,≥ 3 = 1 | |
产前检查/次 | ≤ 5 = 0,≥ 6 = 1 | |
孕前体质量指数/(kg/m2) | < 24 = 0,≥ 24 = 1 | |
民族 | 少数民族 = 0,汉族 = 1 | |
高血压家族史 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
既往PE史 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
流产史 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
辅助生育治疗史 | 否 = 0,是 = 1 | |
产次 | ≤ 2 = 0,≥ 3 = 1 |
Tab.4
Cox regression analysis of the effects of normal high blood pressure and primary blood pressure on women's PE and adverse pregnancy outcomes"
样本组合 | 因变量 | 自变量 | β | SE | Wald χ2 | P值 | HR | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
组合(1) | PE | 正常高值血压 | 0.771 | 0.289 | 7.141 | 0.007 | 2.163 | 1.228 ~ 3.809 |
剖宫产 | 正常高值血压 | 0.293 | 0.475 | 0.380 | 0.537 | 1.341 | 0.528 ~ 3.405 | |
胎盘早剥 | 正常高值血压 | 0.015 | 0.047 | 0.109 | 0.740 | 1.016 | 0.925 ~ 1.115 | |
自发性早产 | 正常高值血压 | 0.026 | 0.053 | 0.249 | 0.617 | 1.027 | 0.925 ~ 1.140 | |
产后出血 | 正常高值血压 | 0.131 | 0.136 | 0.932 | 0.334 | 1.141 | 0.873 ~ 1.491 | |
孕20周后死胎 | 正常高值血压 | 0.243 | 0.134 | 3.275 | 0.070 | 1.276 | 0.980 ~ 1.661 | |
阿氏评分< 7 | 正常高值血压 | 0.352 | 0.192 | 3.361 | 0.066 | 1.422 | 0.976 ~ 2.071 | |
新生儿入住NICU | 正常高值血压 | 0.263 | 0.335 | 0.614 | 0.432 | 1.301 | 0.674 ~ 2.511 | |
小于胎龄儿 | 正常高值血压 | 0.085 | 0.082 | 1.076 | 0.299 | 1.089 | 0.927 ~ 1.279 | |
巨大儿 | 正常高值血压 | 0.289 | 0.246 | 1.380 | 0.240 | 1.336 | 0.824 ~ 2.166 | |
出生28 d内死亡 | 正常高值血压 | 0.242 | 0.167 | 2.101 | 0.147 | 1.275 | 0.918 ~ 1.770 | |
组合(2) | PE | 1级高血压 | 1.343 | 0.400 | 11.272 | < 0.001 | 3.829 | 1.749 ~ 8.385 |
剖宫产 | 1级高血压 | 0.881 | 0.317 | 7.752 | 0.005 | 2.414 | 1.298 ~ 4.489 | |
胎盘早剥 | 1级高血压 | 0.931 | 0.384 | 5.881 | 0.015 | 2.537 | 1.196 ~ 5.384 | |
自发性早产 | 1级高血压 | 0.339 | 0.345 | 0.963 | 0.326 | 1.404 | 0.713 ~ 2.764 | |
产后出血 | 1级高血压 | 0.211 | 0.194 | 1.192 | 0.274 | 1.236 | 0.845 ~ 1.807 | |
孕20周后死胎 | 1级高血压 | 0.073 | 0.089 | 0.662 | 0.415 | 1.076 | 0.902 ~ 1.283 | |
阿氏评分< 7 | 1级高血压 | 0.604 | 0.274 | 4.852 | 0.027 | 1.829 | 1.069 ~ 3.130 | |
新生儿入住NICU | 1级高血压 | 0.297 | 0.220 | 1.809 | 0.178 | 1.346 | 0.873 ~ 2.075 | |
小于胎龄儿 | 1级高血压 | 0.348 | 0.217 | 2.578 | 0.108 | 1.417 | 0.926 ~ 2.168 | |
巨大儿 | 1级高血压 | 0.211 | 0.344 | 0.375 | 0.539 | 1.235 | 0.629 ~ 2.424 | |
出生28 d内死亡 | 1级高血压 | 0.345 | 0.273 | 1.592 | 0.206 | 1.414 | 0.826 ~ 2.417 |
Tab.5
Prediction and evaluation value of early pregnancy blood pressure values for PE and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women-ROC analysis results"
预测目标 | AUC(95%CI) | 阈值(自变量SBP/DBP) | 灵敏度 | 特异度 | 约登指数 | 准确度 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PE(1) | 0.757(0.553 ~ 0.942) | 139/89 | 0.725 | 0.752 | 0.477 | 0.748 |
PE(2) | 0.789(0.634 ~ 0.937) | 159/99 | 0.810 | 0.752 | 0.562 | 0.756 |
剖宫产 | 0.717(0.496 ~ 0.914) | 159/99 | 0.703 | 0.683 | 0.386 | 0.684 |
胎盘早剥 | 0.709(0.474 ~ 0.935) | 159/99 | 0.665 | 0.735 | 0.400 | 0.730 |
阿氏评分< 7 | 0.742(0.519 ~ 0.947) | 159/99 | 0.747 | 0.722 | 0.469 | 0.724 |
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