实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1681-1691.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.10.001

• 专题报道:糖尿病 •    

成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病微血管并发症研究进展

尚萌萌1,邓婕2,田利民1()   

  1. 1.甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院 (甘肃 兰州 730000 )
    2.兰州大学第一临床医学院 (甘肃 兰州 730000 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-26 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-27
  • 通讯作者: 田利民 E-mail:tlm7066@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技重大专项计划(22ZD6FA033)

Recent advances in microvascular complications of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults

Mengmeng SHANG1,Jie DENG2,Limin TIAN1()   

  1. 1.The First Clinical Medical College,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China
    2.The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China
  • Received:2025-11-26 Online:2026-05-25 Published:2026-05-27
  • Contact: Limin TIAN E-mail:tlm7066@sina.com

摘要:

成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病(latent autoimmune diabetes in adults,LADA)是自身免疫性糖尿病的一种特殊亚型。该疾病以自身免疫介导的β细胞功能进行性衰退为核心特征,微血管病变呈现出特殊的病理进程和临床特点。LADA患者微血管并发症的发生发展与基因分型、自身免疫机制及生物标志物等多种因素相关,探究其潜在机制及其临床特点,对于早期识别高风险人群、制定个体化干预策略以及延缓并发症进展具有重要的临床意义。本综述对近年来LADA微血管并发症领域的研究进展进行梳理整合,旨在系统阐明其发生发展规律,为早期风险预警、个体化治疗及改善患者预后提供理论支撑与临床指引。

关键词: 成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病, LADA, 1型糖尿病, 微血管并发症, 糖尿病肾病, 糖尿病视网膜病变, 糖尿病神经病变

Abstract:

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a distinct subtype of autoimmune diabetes. This condition is characterized by an autoimmune-mediated progressive decline in β-cell function, with microvascular pathology exhibiting unique pathological progression and clinical features. The development and progression of microvascular complications in LADA patients are associated with various factors, including genotyping, autoimmune mechanisms, and biomarkers. Investigating the underlying mechanisms and clinical characteristics of LADA is of significant clinical importance for early identification of high-risk populations, formulating individualized intervention strategies, and delaying the progression of complications. This review consolidates recent research advances in the field of LADA-related microvascular complications, aiming to systematically elucidate the patterns of their development and progression. It seeks to provide theoretical support and clinical guidance for early risk prediction, personalized treatment, and improved patient outcomes.

Key words: latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, LADA, type 1 diabetes mellitus, microvascular complications, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy

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