实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 517-524.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.03.021

• 论著·临床实践 • 上一篇    

罗哌卡因或复合佐剂行颈浅丛神经阻滞对甲状腺癌根治术患者的影响

杜天笑1,2,李彩芬2,张渝2,戴璐铭2,蒋秋香2,瞿寒青2,路洋2,龚拯2()   

  1. 1.广西中医药大学研究生院 (广西 南宁 530200 )
    2.广西壮族自治区人民医院(广西中医药大学联合培养基地)麻醉科 (广西 南宁 530021 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-07 出版日期:2026-02-10 发布日期:2026-02-09
  • 通讯作者: 龚拯 E-mail:GZqyydoctor@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广西自然基金重点项目(2024GXNSFDA010058);广西自然基金面上项目(2023GXNSFAA026324);广西中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目(GZSY22-58);广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z-A20230103);广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z-A20230055)

Effect of superficial cervical plexus block with ropivacaine or combined with adjuvants on patients undergoing radical thyroid cancer surgery

Tianxiao DU1,2,Caifen LI2,Yu ZHANG2,Luming DAI2,Qiuxiang JIANG2,Hanqing QU2,Yang LU2,Zheng GONG2()   

  1. 1.The Graduate School of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,Guangxi,China
    2.Department of Anesthesiology,the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Union Training Base of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine),Nanning 530021,Guangxi,China
  • Received:2025-08-07 Online:2026-02-10 Published:2026-02-09
  • Contact: Zheng GONG E-mail:GZqyydoctor@163.com

摘要:

目的 探讨超声引导下罗哌卡因或复合不同佐剂行双侧颈浅丛神经阻滞对全麻下喉返神经监测的甲状腺癌根治术的术后镇痛和恢复质量的影响。 方法 选择140例择期行甲状腺癌根治术的患者,随机分为4组:单纯全身麻醉组(C组)、全麻+罗哌卡因组(R组)、全麻+罗哌卡因复合右美托咪定组(R1组)、全麻+罗哌卡因复合地塞米松组(R2组)。分别于麻醉后不同时间点观察血流动力学、术中镇静镇痛药物使用量、术后镇痛需求情况、术后恢复指标、术后静息和活动VAS评分、ECSQ评分、QoR-15评分以及不良反应。 结果 与C组相比,R组患者术后12 h内的静息和活动VAS评分更低(P < 0.05),R1和R2组患者在术后24 h内的静息和活动VAS评分更低(P < 0.05),3组患者的术后RCSQ评分和QoR-15评分均较高(P < 0.05);与R组相比,R1和R2组患者术后6 ~ 24 h内活动VAS评分更低(P < 0.05),术后RCSQ评分和术后第1天的QoR-15评分更高(P < 0.05);与R2组相比,R1组患者仅拔管后镇静评分更高(P < 0.05),其他方面差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。 结论 罗哌卡因或复合不同佐剂行双侧颈浅丛神经阻滞对全麻下喉返神经监测的甲状腺癌根治术患者术中血流动力学、镇静镇痛药物使用量、镇痛效果和恢复质量方面优于单纯全身麻醉。罗哌卡因复合佐剂具有较不加佐剂更好的镇痛效果和恢复质量,其中罗哌卡因复合右美托咪定有更优于复合地塞米松更好的镇静水平。

关键词: 甲状腺癌根治术, 颈浅丛神经阻滞, 罗哌卡因, 右美托咪定, 地塞米松

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of ultrasound-guided bilateral superficial cervical plexus nerve block using ropivacaine or ropivacaine combined with different adjuvants on postoperative analgesia and recovery quality in patients undergoing radical thyroid cancer surgery. Methods A total of 140 patients scheduled for radical thyroid cancer surgery were randomly allocated into 4 groups: the general anesthesia group (Group C), the general anesthesia + ropivacaine group (Group R), the general anesthesia + ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine group (Group R1), and the general anesthesia + ropivacaine combined with dexamethasone group (Group R2). The observation indicators included the intraoperative consumption of sedative and analgesic drugs, postoperative analgesia requirements, postoperative recovery, resting and active Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire scores, QoR-15 scores, and adverse reactions at different time points after anesthesia. Results Compared with Group C, both the resting and activity VAS scores in Group R were lower within 12 hours after surgery (P < 0.05). Similarly, within 24 hours after surgery, the resting and activity VAS scores in Groups R1 and R2 were lower (P < 0.05). Moreover, the postoperative RCSQ scores and QoR-15 scores in all three groups (R, R1, R2) were higher (P < 0.05). When compared with Group R, the VAS scores in Groups R1 and R2 were lower within 6 to 24 hours post-surgery (P < 0.05), and the postoperative RCSQ scores and QoR-15 scores on the first postoperative day were higher (P < 0.05). Conclusions Bilateral superficial cervical plexus nerve block with ropivacaine or combined with different adjuvants is superior to general anesthesia in improving intraoperative hemodynamics, reducing the consumption of sedative and analgesic drugs, enhancing analgesic efficacy, and promoting recovery quality in patients undergoing radical thyroid cancer surgery. Ropivacaine combined with adjuvants has better analgesic effects and recovery quality than ropivacaine alone.

Key words: radical thyroid cancer surgery, superficial cervical plexus nerve blocks, ropivacaine, dexmedetomidine, dexamethasone

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