实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 3676-3683.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.23.007

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

恶性肿瘤终末期患者临终抢救决策偏好现状及影响因素

蒋婷婷1,郑儒君1,纪铮2,魏丹3,陈茜2()   

  1. 1.四川大学华西医院生物治疗研究病房/四川大学华西护理学院 (四川 成都 610000 )
    2.四川大学华西医院老年医学中心/四川大学华西护理学院 (四川 成都 610000 )
    3.四川卫生康复职业学院护理学院 (四川 自贡 643000 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-11 出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 陈茜 E-mail:chen_qian@scu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3605900)

End‑of‑life resuscitation decision‑making preferences and their influencing factors among terminally ill patients with malignant tumors

Tingting JIANG1,Rujun ZHENG1,Zheng JI2,Dan WEI3,Qian. CHEN2()   

  1. *.Department of Center of Department of Biotherapy Research,West China Hospital,Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan,China
  • Received:2025-09-11 Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-12-18
  • Contact: Qian. CHEN E-mail:chen_qian@scu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 探讨恶性肿瘤终末期患者临终抢救决策偏好及影响因素,为优化临终照护与安宁疗护提供依据。 方法 采用便利抽样,选取2023年9月至2024年11月四川大学华西医院肿瘤科住院的485例终末期恶性肿瘤患者,采用结构化问卷收集其人口学特征、决策相关资料、抢救偏好及文化信仰水平。 结果 在病情危重情境下,39.4%患者选择积极抢救,33.6%放弃,27.0%倾向维持治疗;对9项具体生命维持治疗措施的接受度在28.9% ~ 61.2%之间。多因素logistic回归显示,文化信仰得分高、年龄较小、有配偶、主要照顾者为配偶、职工医保及携带管道是倾向积极或维持治疗的主要因素(P < 0.05);首要考虑生活质量或经济压力则与倾向放弃抢救相关(P < 0.05)。 结论 终末期恶性肿瘤患者临终抢救偏好多样化,受文化信仰、人口学特征及家庭照护显著影响。临床应结合患者价值观、文化背景与个体需求,提供分层化决策辅助,促进理性且符合患者价值取向的医疗选择。

关键词: 恶性肿瘤, 终末期, 抢救决策, 治疗偏好

Abstract:

Objective To explore the preferences and influencing factors of terminal malignant tumor patients, and to provide a basis for optimizing hospice care. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to select 485 patients with terminal malignant tumors from the oncology departments of two tertiary, class-A hospitals in Sichuan Province between September 2023 and November 2024. Data on demographic characteristics, decision-making-related information, preferences regarding resuscitation, and cultural belief levels were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results In critical situations, 39.4% of patients opted for active rescue, 33.6% chose to forgo treatment, and 27.0% preferred to maintain current treatment. Acceptance rates for nine specific interventions ranged from 28.9% to 61.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that stronger cultural beliefs, younger age, having a spouse, being the primary caregiver, employee medical insurance coverage, and use of invasive tubes were significantly associated with a tendency toward active or continued treatment (P < 0.05). Prioritizing quality of life or concerns about economic burden were significantly associated with the decision to forgo life-sustaining interventions (P < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with terminal malignant tumors exhibit diverse preferences regarding end-of-life resuscitation, significantly shaped by cultural beliefs, demographic factors, and family support. Clinicians should integrate patients’ values, cultural backgrounds, and individual needs to provide tiered decision-making support, thereby facilitating medically appropriate and value-concordant care choices.

Key words: malignant tumor, terminal stage, resuscitation decision-making, treatment preference

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