实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 3046-3051.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.19.013

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    

胸壁肌肉保护切口对单孔胸腔镜肺部手术患者短期预后的影响

代小探1,刘士学1,张庚鑫1,解明然2   

  1. 1.安徽理工大学第一附属医院(淮南市第一人民医院)胸心外科 (安徽 淮南 232000 )
    2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)胸心外科 (安徽 合肥 230000 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-19 出版日期:2025-10-10 发布日期:2025-10-10
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(人口健康专项)(202004j07020017);淮南市科学计划项目(2023131)

The impact of chest wall muscle sparing incision on short⁃term prognosis of patients undergoing single⁃port thoracoscopic pulmonary surgery

Xiaotan DAI1,Shixue LIU1,Gengxin ZHANG1,Mingran. XIE2   

  1. *.Department of Thoracic Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science & Technology,Huainan 232000,Anhui,China
  • Received:2025-06-19 Online:2025-10-10 Published:2025-10-10

摘要:

目的 对比分析胸壁肌肉保护切口和胸壁普通切口在单孔胸腔镜肺部手术患者短期预后中的差异,探讨胸壁肌肉保护切口在单孔胸腔镜肺部手术中的作用。 方法 回顾性分析安徽理工大学第一附属医院(淮南市第一人民医院)胸心外科于2024年2月至2025年5月收治的215例单孔胸腔镜肺部手术患者的临床资料,根据切口方式分为胸壁肌肉保护切口组和胸壁普通切口组,比较两组的短期预后指标。 结果 共纳入180例患者,其中胸壁肌肉保护切口组80例,BMI(23.86 ± 3.70)kg/m2,胸壁普通切口组100例,BMI(23.45 ± 3.20)kg/m2,两组一般指标差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。两组均顺利完成手术,在围术期内均无死亡病例、中转开胸及延长切口。但胸壁普通切口组患者不仅有4例背阔肌损伤,而且还有5例在出院后第30天存在肩关节功能障碍,表现为抬举上肢时存在胸壁肌肉紧绷感并伴有胸痛和活动受限,两组指标差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。相较于胸壁普通切口组,患者术后不同时间的疼痛评分值均小于前者,两组指标差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05),而且没有患者出院后第30天存在肩关节功能障碍。两组切口脂肪液化发生率、切口长度、手术时间、出血量及拔管时间差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。 结论 胸壁肌肉保护切口应用在单孔胸腔镜肺部手术中不仅避免损伤背阔肌和前锯肌,而且相较于胸壁普通切口,可以进一步减轻患者术后切口疼痛,对患者胸壁肌肉和肩关节功能伤害更小,有显著微创优势。

关键词: 胸壁肌肉保护切口, 单孔胸腔镜, 微创, 快速康复

Abstract:

Objective To compare the short-term outcomes of single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) pulmonary surgery using a chest-wall-muscle-sparing incision versus a standard incision. Methods A total of 215 patients undergoing single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Anhui University of Science & Technology from February 2024 to May 2025 were recruited in this clinical observation. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into a chest wall muscle sparing incision group and a chest wall standard incision group. Short-term prognoses of the two groups were compared. Results A total of 180 patients was included: 80 in the chest wall muscle sparing incision group and 100 in the chest wall standard incision group. The two groups had similar baseline characteristics, including body-mass index (23.86 ± 3.70 vs. 23.45 ± 3.20 kg/m2; P > 0.05). All procedures were completed successfully without perioperative mortality, conversion to thoracotomy, or extension of the incision. The standard incision group had 4 latissimus dorsi injuries and 5 patients with shoulder joint dysfunction on the 30th day after discharge, characterized by chest wall muscle tightness accompanied by chest pain and limited upper limb mobility (P < 0.05). Although skin-to-skin incision time was slightly longer in the muscle-sparing group (P = 0.06), pain scores at every assessed time point were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and no patient developed shoulder dysfunction. No significant differences were observed in incisional fat-liquefaction rate, incision length, operative time, blood loss, or chest-tube duration (P > 0.05). Conclusion The chest wall muscle sparing incision in single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery not only preserves the latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscles, significantly reduces postoperative incision pain, and minimizes chest wall muscles and shoulder dysfunction, exhibiting clear minimally invasive advantages in single-port VATS lung surgery.

Key words: chest wall muscle sparing incision, single-port thoracoscopic, minimally invasive surgery, quick recovery

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