实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 3767-3772.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.23.020

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    

西北地区甲状腺结节与中心性肥胖代谢指标相关性的横断面研究

张明明1,闫柯2,蒿花1,姜红1,马茂1()   

  1. 1.西安交通大学第一附属医院健康医学科 (陕西 西安 710061 )
    2.陕西省人民医院肿瘤外科 (陕西 西安 710068 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-29 出版日期:2025-12-10 发布日期:2025-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 马茂 E-mail:mamao2007@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82404259);陕西省重点研发计划(2024SF-YBXM-097);西安市科技计划资助项目(24YXYJ0137)

A cross‑sectional study of correlation between thyroid nodules and metabolic indicators of central obesity in Northwest China

Mingming ZHANG1,Ke YAN2,Hua HAO1,Hong JIANG1,Mao. MA1()   

  1. *.Department of Health Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi,China
  • Received:2025-08-29 Online:2025-12-10 Published:2025-12-18
  • Contact: Mao. MA E-mail:mamao2007@163.com

摘要:

目的 旨在为西北地区甲状腺结节防治策略的制定提供理论支持,探索该地区健康体检人群甲状腺结节的特征及其与代谢指标之间的关系。 方法 采用横断面调查研究的方法,回顾性选取2023年1月1日至12月31日期间在我院的健康体检者,进行健康项目研究。本次调查共选取了38 919名体检者,依据年龄和性别对甲状腺结节的检出率进行了计算,并运用了单因素和多因素二元logistic回归分析,分析甲状腺结节的风险因素。 结果 本研究共纳入38 919例参与者,其中男20 395例(52.4%),女18 524例(47.6%)。甲状腺结节总检出率为47.1%(18 317/38 919),其中男性检出率为40.1%(8 187/20 395),女性检出率为54.7%(10 130/18 524)。女性在各个年龄段的甲状腺结节检出率均明显高于男性(P < 0.001)。两性甲状腺结节检出率均随年龄增长而增高(男性χ2趋势= 1 392.867,P < 0.001;女性χ2趋势= 1 521.215,P < 0.001)。甲状腺结节组与非甲状腺结节组在年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HBA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAB)、抗甲状腺微粒体抗体及高血压、中心性肥胖比例等方面差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。多因素二元logistic回归分析显示:女性(OR = 2.158)、老年人群(OR = 1.040)、中心性肥胖人群(OR = 1.144)、FBG、升高人群(OR = 1.039)、高血压人群(OR = 1.095)、TGAB升高人群(OR = 1.008)、T3升高人群(OR = 1.154)均为甲状腺结节的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。 结论 西北女性甲状腺结节发病风险增加,高龄人群、中心性肥胖人群、FBG增高人群、高血压人群、TGAB增高人群、T3增高人群应加强甲状腺结节筛查及对这类人群的健康管理。

关键词: 甲状腺结节, 代谢指标, 中心性肥胖, 西北地区

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to provide theoretical support for the formulation of thyroid nodule prevention and treatment strategies in Northwest China and to investigate the characteristics of thyroid nodules and their association with metabolic indicators in this population. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted by retrospectively enrolling healthy individuals who underwent routine health examinations at our hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2023. A total of 38 919 participants were included. The detection rate of thyroid nodules was stratified by age and sex. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for thyroid nodules. Results Among the 38 919 participants, 20 395 were men (52.4%) and 18 524 were women (47.6%). The overall detection rate of thyroid nodules was 47.1% (18 317/38 919), including 40.1% (8 187/20 395) in men and 54.7% (10 130/18 524) in women. Across all age groups, women had a significantly higher detection rate than men (P < 0.001). The detection rate increased with age in both sexes (χ2trend = 1392.867, P < 0.001 in men; χ2trend = 1521.215, P < 0.001 in women). Significant differences were observed between participants with and without thyroid nodules in age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAB), anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies, the proportion of hypertension and central obesity (all P < 0.05). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified female sex (OR = 2.158), older age (OR = 1.040), central obesity (OR = 1.144), elevated FBG (OR = 1.039), hypertension (OR = 1.095), elevated TGAB (OR = 1.008), and elevated T3 (OR = 1.154) as independent risk factors for thyroid nodules (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Women in Northwest China are at higher risk of developing thyroid nodules. Screening and health management should be prioritized for older individuals, those with central obesity, elevated FBG, hypertension, elevated TGAB, and elevated T3 levels.

Key words: thyroid nodules, metabolic indicators, central obesity, northwest China

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