实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (14): 2477-2487.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.14.001

• 心脑血管疾病专栏 •    

热休克蛋白B-1在心肌损伤中的表达变化及其对TGF-β1成熟过程的调控作用

邓大庆1,2,周娟1,2,王佳1,2,刘轶群3,陈克勤4,周琳5,刘协红1()   

  1. 1.湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院),湖南省急救医学研究所,急危重症代谢组学湖南省重点实验室,(湖南 长沙 410005 )
    2.湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院),心内科,(湖南 长沙 410005 )
    3.湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院)急诊科(马王堆院区) (湖南 长沙 410000 )
    4.中南大学湘雅医学院附属长沙医院(长沙市第一医院)血管外科 (湖南 长沙 410005 )
    5.长沙医学院检验学院 (湖南 长沙 410200 )
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-02 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-08-05
  • 通讯作者: 刘协红 E-mail:dolly9918@hunnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(82300528);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2024JJ9160);湖南省教育厅重点项目(25A0103)

Expression changes of heat shock protein B-1 in myocardial injury and its regulatory effect on the maturation process of TGF-β1

Daqing DENG1,2,Juan ZHOU1,2,Jia WANG1,2,Yiqun LIU3,Keqin CHEN4,Lin ZHOU5,Xiehong LIU1()   

  1. 1.Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics,Institute of Emergency Medicine,Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University),Changsha 410005,Hunan,Chin
    a2Department of Cardiology,Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University),Changsha 410005,Hunan,Chin
    a3Department of Emergency Medicine,Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University),Changsha 410000,Hunan,Chin
    a4Department of Vascular Surgery,the Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University(the First Hospital of Changsha),Changsha 410005,Hunan,Chin
    a5College of Clinical Laboratory,Changsha Medical University,Changsha 410200,Hunan,China
  • Received:2026-04-02 Online:2026-07-25 Published:2026-08-05
  • Contact: Xiehong LIU E-mail:dolly9918@hunnu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 探讨小分子热休克蛋白B-1(HSPB1)在心肌损伤中的表达变化及其对TGF-β1成熟过程的调控作用。 方法 结合公开心脏单细胞转录组数据、异丙肾上腺素(ISO)诱导小鼠心肌损伤模型及H9c2细胞实验,检测HSPB1表达变化;通过HSPB1过表达及Cys137突变干预,分析其对pro-TGF-β1、mature TGF-β1及Smad信号通路的影响;采用分子对接及双向免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)分析HSPB1与pro-TGF-β1之间的相互作用。 结果 公开心脏单细胞转录组数据显示,HSPB1在多个心脏细胞群中均有表达,在心肌细胞中相对较高。与对照组相比,ISO处理后小鼠左室射血分数(LVEF)由(95.20 ± 2.82)%降至(82.28 ± 3.05)%和(63.18 ± 4.20)%,左室缩短分数(LVFS)由(69.45 ± 8.32)%降至(48.66 ± 3.16)%和(38.32 ± 2.23)%(均P < 0.001),并伴随心肌纤维化及心肌细胞肥大加重。免疫组化及Western blot结果显示,ISO处理14 d后心肌组织中HSPB1表达显著上调(P = 0.000 4,P < 0.000 1)。H9c2细胞实验显示,在ISO刺激背景下,HSPB1-WT过表达可增加pro-TGF-β1水平,并降低mature TGF-β1/pro-TGF-β1比值,部分降低mature TGF-β1水平及p-Smad2/3水平(与ISO组比较,P = 0.037 5、0.049 9、0.002 1);而Cys137突变体上述作用明显减弱,相关指标较HSPB1-WT组升高(P = 0.000 1、0.001 8、0.000 6)。分子对接提示HSPB1与pro-TGF-β1存在潜在结合界面;双向Co-IP结果显示二者存在相互作用,且Cys137突变可削弱其结合信号。 结论 HSPB1可能通过其氧化还原敏感位点Cys137与pro-TGF-β1相互作用,并参与限制其过度成熟过程,从而对TGF-β1/Smad信号活性产生调节作用,为理解心肌纤维化相关信号的精细调控提供了新的分子视角。

关键词: 小分子热休克蛋白B-1, 转化生长因子β1, 构象稳态, 心肌纤维化

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the expression changes of heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) during myocardial injury and its regulatory role in the maturation process of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Methods Publicly accessible cardiac single-cell transcriptomic datasets, an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced mouse myocardial injury model, and H9c2 cell experiments were integrated to evaluate the expression changes of HSPB1. The overexpression of HSPB1 and the Cys137 mutation were employed to assess their impacts on pro-TGF-β1, mature TGF-β1, and the Smad signaling pathway. Molecular docking and bidirectional co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were carried out to analyze the interaction between HSPB1 and pro-TGF-β1. Results Public cardiac single-cell transcriptomic data have demonstrated that HSPB1 is expressed in multiple cardiac cell populations, with relatively higher expression levels in cardiomyocytes. In comparison with the control group, ISO treatment led to a reduction in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in mice from (95.20 ± 2.82)% to (82.28 ± 3.05)% and (63.18 ± 4.20)%, as well as a decrease in the left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) from (69.45 ± 8.32)% to (48.66 ± 3.16)% and (38.32 ± 2.23)% (all P < 0.001). This was accompanied by aggravated myocardial fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses indicated that HSPB1 expression was significantly up-regulated in myocardial tissue after 14 days of ISO treatment (P = 0.000 4 and P < 0.000 1, respectively). H9c2 cell experiments revealed that, under ISO stimulation, overexpression of wild-type HSPB1 (HSPB1-WT) increased pro-TGF-β1 levels, while reducing the mature TGF-β1/pro-TGF-β1 ratio, partially decreasing mature TGF-β1 levels, and lowering p-Smad2/3 levels (vs. ISO group, P = 0.037 5, 0.049 9, and 0.002 1, respectively). These effects were markedly attenuated in the Cys137 mutant, with related indicators significantly elevated compared with the HSPB1-WT group (P = 0.000 1, 0.001 8, and 0.000 6, respectively). Molecular docking analysis suggested a potential interaction interface between HSPB1 and pro-TGF-β1. Bidirectional Co-IP further confirmed the interaction between the two proteins, whereas the Cys137 mutation weakened their binding signal. Conclusions HSPB1 may interact with pro-TGF-β1 via its redox-sensitive residue Cys137 and participate in restricting its excessive maturation process, thus modulating the TGF-β1/Smad signaling activity. This study offers a novel molecular perspective for comprehending the fine-tuned regulation of myocardial fibrosis-related signaling pathways.

Key words: heat shock protein beta-1, transforming growth factor-β1, conformational stability, cardiac fibrosis

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