实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1575-1583.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.10.021

• 医学检查与临床诊断 • 上一篇    

动脉导管未闭严重程度在胎龄≤ 32周早产儿肺出血发生和死亡中的预测价值

江倩男1,刘婷婷2,刘莹莹1,崔凯洁1,刘秀香1()   

  1. 1.青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院新生儿医学中心 (山东 青岛 266034 )
    2.青岛大学附属医院新生儿重症监护病房 (山东 青岛 266005 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-03 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 刘秀香 E-mail:liuxiuxiang99@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2020QH054);青岛市科技惠民示范引导专项项目(20-3-4-55-nsh);青岛市卫生科技发展计划项目(2019-WJZD129)

Patent ductus arteriosus severity predicts the occurrence and mortality of pulmonary hemorrhage in premature infants with gestational age ≤ 32 weeks

Qiannan JIANG1,Tingting LIU2,Yingying LIU1,Kaijie CUI1,Xiuxiang. LIU1()   

  1. *.Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,Women and Children's Hospital,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266034,Shandong,China
  • Received:2025-01-03 Online:2025-05-25 Published:2025-05-21
  • Contact: Xiuxiang. LIU E-mail:liuxiuxiang99@163.com

摘要:

目的 评价动脉导管未闭严重程度在胎龄≤ 32周新生儿肺出血(NPH)发生和死亡中的预测价值。 方法 回顾性分析2021年1月至2024年6月连续收治的胎龄≤ 32周早产儿的临床资料,包括胎龄、出生体质量(WT)、分娩方式、罹患的疾病及孕母围产因素等临床特征。以是否合并NPH将纳入患儿分组,对两组患儿的临床特征进行分析;将NPH合并有血流动力学意义的动脉导管未闭(hsPDA)的患儿以住院期间是否发生死亡进行分组分析。 结果 本研究共纳入511例患儿,其中NPH者92例。NPH与机械通气(MV)、高频振荡通气(HFO)、hsPDA、弥漫性血管内凝血(DIC)、脑室内出血(IVH)呈强相关性(r = 0.443、0.407、0.352、0.325、0.310,P < 0.001);新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征3—4级(NRDS)、IVH、MV、HFO、DIC和hsPDA均是≤ 32周胎龄儿NPH的独立危险因素(OR = 2.641、2.097、1.065、2.298、5.550、3.820,P < 0.05);胎龄、WT、PDA内径、PDA血流速度、左心室输出量、左心室舒张晚期a'波速度和新生儿窒息等为NPH合并hsPDA的影响因素(P < 0.05);动脉导管未闭严重程度评分(PDAsc)是≤ 32周胎龄NPH合并hsPDA患儿死亡的独立危险因素(OR = 1.265,95%CI: 1.031~1.553,P = 0.024),NPH合并PDA患儿死亡的预测概率与PDAsc之间存在强相关性(r = 0.901,P = 0.001),ROC曲线显示PDAsc对死亡预测结果比较理想(AUC = 0.687,P = 0.002)。 结论 hsPDA是≤ 32周胎龄儿NPH发生的独立危险因素;PDAsc是≤ 32周胎龄NPH合并hsPDA患儿死亡的独立危险因素,与预测结果具有强相关性,有一定的预测意义。

关键词: 动脉导管未闭, 新生儿, 肺出血, 死亡, 危险因素

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the predictive value of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) for the incidence and mortality of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage (NPH) in infants with a gestational age (GA) of ≤32 weeks. Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical data from premature infants with GA ≤32 weeks consecutively admitted between January 2021 and June 2024. The analyzed clinical characteristics included GA, birth weight (WT), mode of delivery, diseases experienced by the infants, and maternal perinatal factors. Infants were categorized based on the presence or absence of NPH, and the clinical features of both groups were compared. Furthermore, infants with NPH and hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) were subdivided according to in-hospital mortality for additional analysis. Results The study included a total of 511 pediatric patients, of whom 92 cases were diagnosed with NPH. NPH was strongly correlated with mechanical ventilation (MV), high-frequency oscillation (HFO), hsPDA, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (r = 0.443, 0.407, 0.352, 0.325, 0.310, respectively; all P < 0.001). Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) (grades 3-4), IVH, MV, HFO, DIC, and hsPDA were identified as independent risk factors for NPH in infants ≤ 32 weeks of GA (OR = 2.641, 2.097, 1.065, 2.298, 5.550, 3.820, respectively; all P < 0.05). GA, WT, PDA diameter, PDA velocity, left ventricular output (LVO), velocity of the late diastolic a' wave in the left ventricle (LV a'), and neonatal asphyxia (NA) were significant factors influencing NPH combined with hsPDA (all P < 0.05). The PDA severity score (PDAsc) was determined to be a risk factor for mortality in infants ≤ 32 weeks of GA with NPH and hsPDA (OR = 1.265, 95%CI 1.031–1.553, P = 0.024). A strong correlation was observed between the predicted probability of death in infants with NPH and PDA and PDAsc (r = 0.901, P = 0.001). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that PDAsc served as an ideal predictor of mortality in infants with NPH and PDA (AUC = 0.687, P = 0.002). Conclusions hsPDA is an independent risk factor for the development of NPH in infants ≤ 32 weeks of GA. Additionally, PDAsc serves as a significant risk factor for mortality in infants ≤ 32 weeks of GA who have both NPH and PDA, indicating a strong correlation and potential predictive value.

Key words: patent ductus arteriosus, neonate, pulmonary hemorrhage, death, risk factors

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