Type Ⅲ interferon includes IFN⁃λ1，IFN⁃λ2，IFN⁃λ3 and the newly discovered IFN⁃λ4. It activates a common signal pathway with type I interferon and has similar biological activity. It has anti⁃virus，anti⁃ tumor，anti⁃cell proliferation and immune regulation effects，and plays an important role in anti⁃HIV infection. At first，it was found that the gene polymorphism of interleukin⁃28B is related to the treatment response and spontane⁃ ous clearance of HCV infected patients. This correlation analysis was used to predict the therapeutic effect of inter⁃ feron for HCV infection and guiding clinical medication，which makes the polymorphism site of IL⁃28 gene become a hot spot. The antiviral commonness of interferon has also attracted scholars′ attention on the correlation between IL⁃28 gene polymorphism and HIV infection. Recently，many studies have found that genetic variation of IFNL3/4 locus is also associated with disease susceptibility，antiviral immune response and disease progression of AIDS，but the cause of IFNL mutation and its biological mechanism against viral infection remain unclear. This review summa⁃ rizes the biological activity，antiviral mechanism，anti ⁃ HIV infection and the correlation of gene polymorphism sites of type Ⅲ interferon.

Objective To explore the effect of Microrna⁃132（mir⁃132）on rats with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （AECOPD） induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae through the oxidase proliferator receptor γ Coactivator 1 α/Deacetylase 3（PGC⁃1）α/SIRT3 signal pathway and to provide a new direction for the clinical treatment of AECOPD caused by streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods Sixty rats were selected； 15 were included in group A（normal group），and the remaining 45 were used to construct the AECOPD model induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae. After completion，they were divided into group B，C，and D，with 15 rats in each. The miR⁃132 mimics and miR⁃132 inhibitors were constructed，and the diluted miR⁃132 mimics and miR⁃ 132 inhibitors were injected into the lungs of group D and C，respectively，and group A and B were injected with the same dose of normal saline. Lung function，peripheral blood leukocytes，neutrophil percentage counts，airway inflammation，and PGC ⁃1α/SIRT3 signaling pathway protein expression in lung tissues were compared and ana⁃ lyzed. Results Compared with that in group A，the expression of miR ⁃132 in group B and C decreased，while that in group D increased，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in group A，FEV0.3/FVC，PIF，PEF，lung tissue PGC⁃1α，and SIRT3 protein expression in groups B，C，and Ddecreased；the total number of white blood cells，neutrophil percentage count，and the level of IL⁃1β，IL⁃6，and TNF ⁃ α increased，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in group B， FEV0.3/FVC，PIF，PEF，lung tissue PGC⁃1α，and SIRT3 protein expression in group C were all reduced；the total number of white blood cells ，neutrophil percentage count ，and the level of IL⁃1 β ，IL⁃6 ，and TNF⁃ α increased，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in group B，FEV0.3/ FVC，PIF，PEF，lung tissue PGC ⁃1α，and SIRT3 protein expression in group D increased；the total number of white blood cells，neutrophil percentage count，and the level of IL⁃1β，IL⁃6，and TNF⁃ α decreased，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Compared with those in group C，FEV0.3/FVC，PIF，PEF，lung tissue PGC⁃1α，and SIRT3 protein expression increased in group D；total number of white blood cells，neutrophil percentage count，and the level of IL⁃1β，IL⁃6，and TNF⁃α decreased，and the difference was statistically signifi⁃ cant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Overexpression of mir⁃132 can improve airway inflammation and repair lung injury in AECOPD rats induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Its mechanism may be related to activation of PGC ⁃ 1α/ SIRT3 signaling pathway and up⁃regulation of SIRT3 expression.

Objective To assess the protective effect of adipose⁃derived mesenchymal stem cells（ADSCs） combined with dexmedetomidine on acute ischemia⁃reperfusion injury（IRI）in rats. Methods Fortyadult healthy SD male rats were randomly divided into sham⁃operated group，ischemia reperfusion injury group（IR group）， dexmedetomidine⁃treated group（IR+DEX group），ADSCs⁃treated group（IR+ADSCs group）and dexmedetomidine combined with ADSCs⁃treated group（IR+DEX+ADSCs group）. Isolated ADSCs were cultured in suitable incuba⁃ tion conditions and the IRI model in rats was established. The rats received cell suspension of ADSCs（1 × 106） through tail vein or/and received intraperitoneal injection of dexmedetomidine 25 μ g/kg in different groups. The plasma samples of each group were harvested for determining the level of serum creatinine（Scr）and blood urea nitrogen（BUN）at 0，24 h and 96 h. Urine samples of rats of each group were collected at the same time for detecting urine protein（UP）and urine creatinine（UC），and calculating the ratio of urine protein/ creatinine （UP/UC）. The rats were euthanized after anesthetization and kidney specimens were collected for HE staining at 96 h after the experimental treatment，and the histopathology injury of kidney were scored. Results When compared with that in IR group，the level of Scr，BUN and UP/UC decreased significantly in IR+DEX group and IR+ADSCs group（P < 0.05），meanwhile the injury of kidney was also significantly reduced in two groups. When compared with that in IR+DEX group and IR+ADSCs group，the above indicators in IR+DEX+ADSCs group further decreased and was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion In rat model of acute renal ischemia⁃reperfusion injury， the combination of ADSCs with dexmedetomidine has better renal protection effect when compared with single ADSCs or dexmedetomidine treatment. 

Objective The same concentration of growth factor has different effects on cell proliferation and the aim of this study was to find the optimal concentrations of PDGF⁃BB and VEGF⁃A for HUVEC proliferation. Methods Lentivirus GFP was transfected into HUVECs and PDGF⁃BB and VEGF⁃A were grouped in concentra⁃ tions：0 μg/mL GFs（Control），0.02 μg/mL GFs，0.2 μg/mL GFs，2 μg/mL GFs，5 μg/mL GFs. GFP⁃HUVEC was inoculated into the porous plate or gel and cultured for a certain time. Then the proliferation of GFP⁃HUVEC was detected by Fluorescence microscope or CCK⁃8. Results （1）HUVEC transfected with GFP was in good condi⁃ tion and showed strong fluorescence under microscope.（2）HUVEC was cultured with different concentrations of growth factors in the hole plate. The cells had the highest proliferative activity at 2 μg/mL PDGF⁃BB（P < 0.001） and 0.02 μg/mL VEGF⁃A（P < 0.000 1），respectively.（3）CCK⁃8 showed the highest cell proliferative activity in 2 μg/mL PDGF⁃BB（P < 0.05）and 0.02 μg/mL VEGF⁃A（P < 0.001）.（4）The cells were encapsulated in the hy⁃ drogel and cultured in the medium with different concentrations of growth factors. The cells had the highest prolifer⁃ ative activity at 2 μg/mL PDGF ⁃BB（P < 0.01）and 0.02 μg/mL VEGF ⁃A（P < 0.01），respectively. Conclusion HUVECs respectively had the best effect of cell proliferation in 2 μg/mL PDGF⁃BB and 0.02 μg/mL VEGF⁃A. How⁃ ever，high concentrations of growth factors may have an inhibitory effect on them.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR⁃140⁃5p on autophagy and oxaliplatin sensitivity in colorectal cancer（CRC）cells. Methods The expression of miR⁃140⁃5p mRNA in CRC tissues and adjacent tissues of 30 patients was detected by real⁃time quantitative polynucleotide chain reaction（RT⁃qPCR）. The expres⁃ sion of miR⁃140⁃5p mRNA in CRC cells and normal colorectal cells was detected. CRC cells HCT 116 were trans⁃ fected by miR⁃140⁃5p mimics and the transfection efficiency was measured by RT⁃qPCR. CCK⁃8 was used to detect the cell viability of the transfected group and the control group. The expression of microtubule associated protein light chain 3（LC3）was detected by western blot. Expression of LC3 fluorescence spots was detected by immunoflu⁃ orescence. After transfection with miR⁃140⁃5p mimics and co⁃treatment of autophagy activator rapamycin，CCK⁃8 was used to detect the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin in the co⁃treated group and the transfected miR⁃140⁃5p mimics group. Clone formation assay was used to detect the proliferation of CRC cells. Results The expression of miR ⁃140⁃5p in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues and normal colorectal cell lines（P < 0.05）. CCK⁃8 results showed that overexpression of miR⁃140⁃5p promoted the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin（P < 0.05）. Western blot showed that overexpression of miR⁃140⁃5p promotes reduced expression levels of LC3II/I，immunofluorescence showed that overexpression of miR⁃140⁃5p inhibited the expres⁃ sion of LC3 fluorescent spots（P < 0.05）. After overexpression of miR⁃140⁃5p was co⁃treated with rapamycin，CCK⁃8showed that cells in co⁃treated group were less sensitive to oxaliplatin than those in the miR⁃140⁃5p mimics group alone. Clone formation experiment showed that the cell proliferation level of co ⁃treatment group increased. Conclusion The expression of miR⁃140⁃5p in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines is lower than that in adjacent tis⁃ sues and normal colorectal cell lines，respectively. MiR⁃140⁃5p promotes the sensitivity of CRC cells to oxaliplatin by inhibiting autophagy，which may provide a strategy for targeted therapy of CRC.

Objective To investigate the expression of miR⁃155，a regulator of T cell immune response，in HIV⁃1 patients′ T cells，as well as its relationship to T cell immune activation and exhaustion. Methods We con⁃ ducted a cross ⁃sectional study with 71 HIV ⁃1 patients who responded well to antiretroviral therapy and 76 patients who did not.CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated and RNA was extracted. MiR⁃155 levels were detected by quantita⁃ tive PCR. Immune activation and exhaustion of T cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results The levels of miR⁃ 155 in T cells，and T cell activation and exhaustion in HIV⁃1 patients were increased compared with healthy controls （P < 0.01），which were much higher in poor responders than in good responders（P < 0.05）. MiR⁃155 was found to be associated with immune activation and T cell exhaustion in HIV⁃1 patients（P < 0.01）. Conclusion Our find⁃ ings suggest that miR⁃155 levels in T cells of HIV⁃1 patients are increased and associated with T cell activation and exhaustion，and that it could be employed as a biomarker to assess T cell activity in HIV⁃1 patients. 

Objective To study the effects of artemisinin on intimal hyperplasia in autogenous vein grafts in rats. Methods Jugular vein⁃to⁃artery bypass grafting was performed on 32 male Sprague⁃Dawley rats.The rats were randomly divided into two groups：the treatment group（n = 16）and the control group（n = 16）. The treatment group was given gastric perfusion artemisinin 100 mg/（kg · d）which began 1 day before operation and continued until harvesting，and the control group was given to the same volume with normal saline by the same way. At 2 or 4 weeks after surgery，vein grafts were harvested，with 8 rats for each time point. Computer image analysis system was applied tocalculate the thickness of neointima in the vein grafts，expression area of smooth muscle 22α（SM22α）was identi⁃ fied by immunohistochemical observationand the protein level of SM22α was detected by Western bolt. Results After 2 or 4 weeks，neointima thickness of the vein graft in the treatment group was significantly reduced compared with that of the control group［（20.79 ± 1.88）μm vs.（35.23 ± 2.66）μm，P＜0.01；（37.06 ± 2.22）μm vs.（46.23 ± 2.54）μm，P＜0.01］. The expression of SM22α protein was detected in smooth muscle cells of vein graft after surgery. The positive rate of SM22α protein expression were significantly inhibited in the treatment group than that of the control group［（59.20 ± 5.76）vs.（26.12 ± 3.72），P＜0.01；（35.63 ± 4.36）vs.（10.38 ± 2.98），P＜0.01］. The protein expression levels of SM22α（SM22α/β ⁃Actin）were significantly inhibitedin the treatment group than that of the control group［（0.58 ± 0.1）vs.（0.39 ± 0.06），P＜0.01；（0.42 ± 0.06）vs.（0.21 ±0.05），P＜0.01］. Conclusion Artemisinin could obviously inhibit hyperplasia of intimal thickness after venous transplantation，which may be relat⁃ ed to inhibit the lower the expression of SM22α and inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of C ⁃ reactive protein/albumin ratio（CAR）in acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis. Methods 107 patients were selected as the case group and 97 healthy outpatients were selected as the control group at the same time. The expression levels of C⁃reactive protein（CRP） and albumin（ALB）in serum of all subjects were detected，and the ratio（CAR）of CRP and ALB were calculated. Spearman correlation analysis，ordered Logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were used to explore the correlation and predictive value between these three indicators and the degree of disease. Results （1）The serum CRP level in case group was significantly higher than that in control group，the serum ALB level in case group was significantly lower than that in control group，and the serum CAR level in case group was significantly higher than that in control group（all P < 0.01）.（2）Serum CRP and CAR were found to be positively correlated with BSI，while serum ALB was found to be negatively correlated with BSI（all P＜0.01）.（3）ALB and CAR were risk indicators for exacerbation of bronchiectasis（all P < 0.01）. CAR outperformed ALB in terms of area under the curve，sensitivity，and specificity. Conclusion CAR has good predictive efficacy for severe bronchiectasis，and it is suggested that CAR would be used as a supplement to other score systems，which is helpful for clinicians to quickly judge the severity of patients′ disease early and develop the best therapeutic regimen. 

Objective To investigate the application effect of 3D printing artificial vertebral body in spinal stability reconstruction after total resection of spinal metastases. Methods The data on the patients with spinal metastatic tumor who had received total mass resection and reconstruction of spinal stability in our department from May 2016 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The study group was reconstructed with 3D printing artificial materials，while the control group was reconstructed with titanium mesh. The surgical duration，blood loss，postop⁃ erative pain relief and neurological function recovery，postoperative complications，vertebral fusion，spinal stability， and vertebral subsidence were compared between the two groups. Results 48 patients were followed up for 10 to 45 months（average 20.4 months）. The surgical duration was shorter and intraoperative blood loss was less in the study group than in the control group（P < 0.05）；There were no significant differences in the degree of pain relief and the incidence of complications between the two groups. The JOA score and improvement rate did not differ significantly between the two groups on postoperative week one，but they were higher in the study group than in the control group in postoperative months 3 and 6 and the last follow⁃up（P < 0.05）. There was a significant difference in fusion of vertebral body with reconstruction materials between the two groups（P < 0.05）. In 3 and 6 months after surgery and the last follow⁃up，the reduction degree of fusion stage height（HAB and HPB）and Cobb angle was less in the study group than in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusions Application of 3D printing artificial vertebral body in reconstruction of bone defect after spinal metastases resection can significantly reduce surgical duration and intraoperative blood loss，and this procedure， as compared with titanium mesh reconstruction，can lower the sedimentation velocity，obtain better spinal stability and promote the recovery of neurological function.

Objective To study the relationship between sputum cytology and prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD and provide theoretical basis for accurate diagnosis and treatment of different inflammatory phenotype in COPD. Methods A retrospective observational cohort study was carried out in a tertiary teaching hospital from February 2016 to July 2018. A total of 291 COPD patients with acute exacerbation were admitted in department of pulmonary and critical care medicine. The diagnosis met the requirements described in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease（GOLD）2016 Updated edition and the patients had no other respi⁃ ratory diseases. Sputum inflammatory cells counts and blood routine tests，NLR were conducted and performed on the day of admission and lung functions were measured when the disease was stabilized. The follow⁃up records were made 3 months，1 year and 2 years after the discharge respectively. Statistical analysis of the patient′s condition， treatment，readmission，and time of death were also made. Results The percentage of sputum neutrophils and sputum macrophages was statistically different between GOLD stage 1 and 2 group and GOLD stage 3 and 4 group（P < 0.05）. The recurrence of acute exacerbation in patients within 3 months or 1 year after discharge，the percentage of sputum macrophages，the neutrophil count，blood lymphocyte and NLR were statistically different （P < 0.05）；the percentage of sputum neutrophils，sputum macrophages，blood neutrophils，blood lymphocyte and NLR were statistically different between COPD patients with acute exacerbation who died during the 2⁃year fol⁃ low⁃up period and those COPD survivals（P < 0.05）. ROC curve analysis suggested that the AUC of NLR for predicting death within two years of discharge was 0.676（95%CI：0.597 ~ 0.756，P < 0.05）；the cut ⁃off point 2.6；the sensitivity 80.7% and the specificity 50.2%. The AUC of sputum neutrophils was 0.635（95%CI：0.557 ~ 0.712，P < 0.05）；the cut⁃off point 90.6%；the sensitivity 61.4% and the specificity 62.0%. Conclusion The per⁃ centage of sputum neutrophils and sputum macrophages induced by acute exacerbation may be an indicator to eval⁃ uate the severity of COPD. The percentage of sputum neutrophils and blood NLR induced by acute exacerba⁃ tion have certain value in evaluating the prognosis of COPD patients. 

Objective To investigate the effect of Hp on gastric juice microbiota in patients with gastric polyps. Methods Patients undergoing gastroscopy and Hp were selected. Patients with no abnormality of gastric mucosa and negative Hp under gastroscopy were assigned to healthy group，and patients with gastric polyps were assigned to case group. Gastric polyps were divided into polyp Hp（+）group and polyp Hp（-）group. Gastric juice was taken for 16SrRNA Gene Sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to compare the differences of microbiota and functional genes among different groups. Results There were no significant difference in α diversity and signifi⁃ cant differences in β diversity among the three groups（P < 0.05）. At the genus level，the abundance of Lachnoan⁃ aerobaculum and Oribacterium in polyp Hp（+）group was higher than that in polyp Hp（-）group. The abundance of aerobic bacteria in polyp Hp（-）group was significantly higher than that in the polyp Hp（+）group（P < 0.05）. There were differences among the three groups of microbiota in network topology parameters such as average clustering coefficient. Conclusion Hp infection disturbed the gastric microecological balance and made the gastric microbiota of gastric polyps disordered，which may affect the interaction between bacteria and bacteria and the role of bacteria host.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexemetomidine combined with transverse abdominal plane block（TAPB）on postoperative gastrointestinal function in patients with laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods Eighty⁃two patients with selected laparoscopic colorectal surgery were randomly divided into DM + TAPB （study group）and saline（control group）in equal number. I⁃FEED scores at different postoperative time points， postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction（POGD）occurrence，inflammatory factor level and recovery indicators were observed and compared between the two groups. Results （1）The I⁃FEED scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group at 24，48，72 and 96 h，respectively（P < 0.05）.（2）The incidences of POGD and PONV in the study group significantly lower than those of the control group，respectively（7.32% vs. 34.15%；19.51% vs. 48.78%，P < 0.05）.（3）The dose of intraoperative refentanyl by pump injection in the study group，the VAS scores and the number of postoperative analgesic compressions at 24，48 and 72 h were significantly smaller than in the control group（P < 0.05）.（4）The time of first defecation time，first oral feeding and first off⁃bed activity of the study group was significantly shorter than that of the control group（P < 0.05）.（5）The levels of CRP，TNF⁃α in 1 d I and 3 d IL⁃1β after treatment were significantly lower after treatment than in the control group（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Dex⁃ emetomidine combined with TAPB can effectively prevent the occurrence of POGD in patients having undergone laparoscopic colorectal surgery，accelerate their recovery，and provide effective strategies for POGD treatment.

Objective To investigate the role of serum calcium binding protein S100A12 in severity assessment and prognosis of adult community ⁃ acquired pneumonia （community acquired pneumonia，CAP）. Methods Through a retrospective study，adult CAP patients hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from December 2019 to October 2020 were taken as the case group，and the physical examiners of our hospital were taken as the control group. CAP patients were divided into severe pneumonia group（SCAP group）and non⁃severe pneumonia group（NSCAP group）. The differences of general information，basic medical history，invasive mechanical ventilation rate，ICU hospital⁃ ization rate，30⁃day survival rate，serum inflammatory markers between patients and healthy people and patients with different severity were compared. The patients were divided into death and survival group according to the prog⁃ nosis 30 days after admission. The differences of invasive mechanical ventilation rate and RICU hospitalization rate were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to study the influencing factors and inde⁃ pendent factors of death in adult CAP patients. The sensitivity，specificity and area under the curve of S100A12， CRP，SAA and PCT in predicting 30⁃day death of CAP patients were evaluated by subject working characteristic curve. Results A total of 138 cases were included in the study，including 23 cases in SCAP group，85 cases in ease，cardiovascular disease，invasive mechanical ventilation rate and ICU hospitalization rate. WBC，NLR， SAA，CRP，S100A12 and PCT in CAP group were higher than those in the control group；SAA，CRP，S100A12 and PCT in SCAP group were higher than those in NSCAP group；the 30⁃day survival rate in NSCAP group was higher than that in SCAP group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum S100A12，SAA，CRP and PCT were independent influencing factors for predicting 30⁃day death in adult patients with CAP. S100A12 has the largest area under the 30⁃day death curve. Conclusion Serum S100A12 has high clinical value in evaluating the severity and prognosis of adult patients with CAP.

Objective To explore the expression of serum protein induced by vitamin K absence or antago⁃ nist ⁃Ⅱ（PIVKA ⁃Ⅱ）in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods Chemiluminescence method was used to detect serum PIVKA⁃Ⅱ and AFP levels in105 patients with advanced HCC，93 patients with benign hepatic diseases，and 90 healthy volunteers； survival analysis was performed by Kaplan ⁃Meier method and Log ⁃ rank test；univariate and multivariate analysis were performed using the Cox proportional hazard analysis；the receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve was used to analyze the efficacy of serum PIVKA⁃Ⅱ and AFP in diagnosing of advanced HCC. Results The expression levels of PIVKA⁃Ⅱ and AFP in advanced HCC group were significantly higher than those in benign hepatic diseases and control group（P < 0.05）；the high⁃expression of PIVKA⁃Ⅱ in advanced HCC patients were correlated with the tumor size，tumor number，vascular invasion and TNM stag（P < 0.05）；the 5⁃year OS and PFS in low⁃expres⁃ sion group were significantly better than those in high ⁃expression group（P < 0.05）；PIVKA ⁃Ⅱ high ⁃expression was independent risk factors affecting 5⁃year OS and PFS in advanced HCC patients（P < 0.05）；the AUC of the combined detection of the two in the diagnosis of HCC is significantly higher than that of single detection（P < 0.05）. Conclusion PIVKA⁃Ⅱ was up⁃regulated in advanced HCC patients and its high⁃expression was closely related with several unfavorable clinicopathological features and prognosis，and it might be an important biomarker for predicting the prognosis of advanced HCC.

Objective To investigate different HBV infection patterns of couples on the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in the intrauterine insemination（IUI）. Methods A retrospective analysis of IUI treatment from January 2016 to June 2020 in Reproductive Medicine Center in our hospital was conducted. According to whether HBsAg was seropositive or not，the patients were divided into group A（male partners being HBV+）；group B （female partners being HBV+）；group C（both partners being HBV+）and group D（controls，both partners being HBV⁃seronegative）. The differences of basic parameters，clinical pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among the four groups were compared. Results Compared with that in the control group，there was no difference in pregnancy outcomes in group A，B and C. In terms of the neonatal outcomes，we found the cesarean rate was significantly higher in group A when compared with the control group（67.3% vs. 46.7%，P = 0.010）. Moreover，the sex ratio of offspring in group A was statistically higher than that in the control group［（39∶14）vs.（107∶89），P = 0.013］. However，there was no difference between group B or C and the control group. All offspring were no deforming and free of HBV infection. Conclusion Different HBV infection patterns of couples have no effect on pregnancy out⁃ comes. However，male partners being HBV infection may increase the risk of cesarean rate，and has certain effect on the sex ratio of newborns.

Objective To analyze the baseline related factors of suboptimal immune responders after anti⁃ retroviral therapy（ART）and investigate the association of baseline cytomegalovirus（CMV）of suboptimal immune responders （SIR）. Methods The patients who received ART treatment for at least 96 weeks and achieved sustained virologic suppression（HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL）of AIDS patients were included in the study as the research objects. According to the count of CD4+ T at week 96 after ART，the patients were divided into the optimal immune responders（OIR，CD4+ T count ≥ 200 μL）group and SIR group（CD4+ T count < 200 μL）. Baseline risk factors of SIR were retrospectively analyzed. Multiple regression analyses were done to assess the correlation of base⁃ line risk factors with SIR. Results 87 patients were included according to the inclusion standard in the study，with 29 in the SIR group with a ratio of 33.3%，and 58 in the OIR group. There were significantly differences in base⁃ line CD4 + T count，baseline CD8 + T count，CMV DNA，Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia，WHO clinical staging， CMV infection. By Logistic regression analysis，the age of ≥ 50 years and the count of baseline CD4+ T < 100 /μL were the relevant baseline risk factors for SIR at week 96 after ART. Conclusions The baseline risk factors for SIR at week 96 after ART include AIDS HIV-infected individuals，patient aged ≥ 50 years and baseline CD4 +T count < 100 /μL and baseline CMV infection status is not associated with SIR.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of different anticoagulation intensities of arg⁃ atroban in patients with acute ST⁃segment elevation myocardial infarction（STEMI）with high blood risk after percu⁃ taneous coronary intervention（PCI）. Methods A total of 156 patients with high blood risk STEMI and PCI，were randomly divided into group A，B and C with 52 cases each. The three groups were treated with different doses of agatroban anticoagulation in PCI，and different activated coagulation time（ACT）was maintained until after sur⁃ gery. Myocardial infarction thrombolysis test （TIMI） blood flow grading，TIMI myocardial perfusion grading （TMPG）and TIMI Hemometer frame calibration（cTFC）were monitored before and immediately after PCI. The incidence of bleeding events within 7 days after PCI was recorded and major adverse cardiac events（MACE）was followed up within 6 months. Results Myocardial perfusion indexes（TIMI grading，TMPG grading，cTFC frame number）in group B were superior to those in group A immediately after PCI（P = 0.012，0.006，0.005）. Within 7 days after PCI，the incidence of bleeding events in group B was lower than that in group C（P = 0.022）. The inci⁃ dence of MACE in group B was lower than that in group A within 6 months after PCI（P = 0.038）. Conclusion In PCI for STEMI patients with high blood risk，the myocardial perfusion level in group B is better than that in group A；the incidence of bleeding events is lower than that in group C，and the incidence of MACE is lower than that in group A. ACT（250 ~ 300）s is maintained as the optimal anticoagulation regimen in group B.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of early administration of aminophylline on improving brain injury in preterm infants by evaluating neuron⁃specific enolase（NSE）. Methods Data of critical newborns admitted to NICU from September 2018 to September 2020 who had at least twice NSE test results within 5 days after birth were collected. Results 30 newborns who were treated with intravenous aminophylline were clas⁃ sified into the treatment group，while 54 newborns who were untreated with aminophylline in the early stage were classified into the control group. The average daily decrease of the brain injury markers NSE between two groups was compared. Compared with the control group，the daily average decrease of NSE in the treatment group was sig⁃ nificantly larger. In order to exclude the influence of confounding factors，the subgroup further analyzed that in the cases of severe brain injury with NSE > 60 ng/mL，the average daily decrease of NSE in the treatment group was still significantly larger than that in the control group. In the cases of mild brain injury with NSE <60 ng/mL，the average daily decrease of NSE in the treatment group was larger than that of the control group，however，there was no significantly difference. There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse events between two groups. Conclusion Administration of aminophylline in the early stage is beneficial to the recovery of critical newborns brain injury，especially in the severe brain injury case. 

Objective To understand the mental health status and its influencing factors on medical gradu⁃ ates during the period of prevention and control of local COVID⁃19 outbreak，so as to provide proper suggestions for mental health education and service. Methods A total of 1336 postgraduates from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat ⁃sen University were investigated with self ⁃ rating anxiety scale（SAS）and self ⁃ rating depression scale （SDS）. Results The average scores of anxiety was（45.93 ± 10.14），of which 368（27.54%）had anxiety symp⁃ toms. The average scores of depression was（43.62 ± 11.13）. There were 369（27.62%）with depressive symptoms. In the multivariate regression model，gender，native place，age，grade and training type were significantly correlat⁃ ed with anxiety symptoms. Age，grade and type of education were significantly correlated with depressive symp⁃ toms. Conclusion The results suggested the incidence of depression and anxiety symptoms of medical postgradu⁃ ates increased during the period of prevention and control of COVID ⁃ 19 local outbreak. In order to deal with the mental health problems of medical graduates in the post⁃epidemic era，hospitals should establish a sound psycholog⁃ ical prevention system and adopt targeted psychological counseling measures to effectively improve the mental health status of medical graduate students.

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia in adults in Guangzhou and its influencing factors. Methods Selected 10，000 cases of adult patients who visited the Health Management Center of a Grade A tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from June 2019 to June 2020. Questionnaires were used to research object demographic characteristics and lifestyle and biochemical test results were obtained from the hospital inspection system，while conducting statistical analysis of high uric acid hematic disease prevalence and influence factors. Results The prevalence of hyperuricemia in adults in Guangzhou was 39.1%，with 53.6% in males and 20.9% in females. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that male ，overweight/obesity ，high⁃ purine diet，frequent dinner parties，high TG，high TC，and low HDL⁃C were independent risk factors for hyper⁃ uricemia in adults in Guangzhou. Conclusion The prevalence of hyperuricemia is high in adults in Guangzhou， and intervention measures should be carried out to reduce the risk of hyperuricemia.

Receptor for advanced glycation end products（RAGE）belongs to a cell surface immunoglobulin superfamily molecule，which is expressed on a variety of cell surfaces，such as monocyte macrophages，vascular endothelial cells，smooth muscle cells and neuron cells. At present，the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease（KD）is not clear，but in recent years，it has been found that expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products on the surface of circulating endothelial cells is upregulated in KD. In vivo，a variety of ligands can bind to RAGE， which mediates the release of inflammatory factors and activation of inflammatory pathways，thus affecting the pathogenesis of KD. Blocking RAGE pathway may interfere with the progression of coronary artery lesions in Kawa⁃ saki disease，and it is expected to provide a new targeted treatment for KD. This article reviews the research prog⁃ ress of RAGE pathway in KD and the strategy of blocking RAGE.