收稿日期: 2025-10-30
修回日期: 2025-12-10
录用日期: 2025-12-15
网络出版日期: 2026-03-26
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82271920);中国博士后科学基金第76批面上资助项目(2024M764331);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2025JC-YBQN-079)
Resting-sate functional magnetic resonance imaging brain functional connectivity analysis in cognitive impairment of hypoxia-related diseases： A review
Received date: 2025-10-30
Revised date: 2025-12-10
Accepted date: 2025-12-15
Online published: 2026-03-26
长期低氧诱发的中枢神经系统损伤及认知功能下降（如记忆减退、反应迟缓、执行功能降低等），是威胁人类健康的重大公共卫生问题，但其损伤机制尚未阐明。近年来，功能磁共振成像技术凭借无创性和高分辨率的优势，成为解析脑功能活动异常的核心技术。该文系统梳理静息态功能磁共振成像在低氧相关疾病认知功能损伤研究中的进展，深入探讨多种脑功能分析方法对大脑功能指标变化特征的揭示作用，为阐明低氧诱导认知功能损伤机制提供参考依据。该文还明确脑功能指标可作为疾病早期诊断生物标志物，为高风险人群筛查、干预时机选择提供量化依据；同时通过筛选关键脑区，为低氧认知损伤防护提供精准靶点，为其脑健康策略提供科学依据。未来结合人工智能开展多中心研究，有望进一步提升诊断精准度与干预有效性，为减轻低氧相关疾病的公共卫生负担提供关键技术支撑。
关键词： 低氧相关疾病; 功能磁共振成像; 认知功能损伤; 慢性阻塞性肺疾病; 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征
欧杨 , 徐守竹 , 曾思瑶 , 何结兵 , 郭思嘉 , 周杨 , 陈筱鸣 . 静息态磁共振脑功能连接分析在低氧相关疾病认知功能损伤中的研究进展[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2026 , 42(6) : 1097 -1104 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.06.024
Long-term hypoxia induces central nervous system damage and cognitive decline （e.g.， memory impairment， delayed reaction， and reduced executive function）， representing a critical medical challenge threatening human health. However， the underlying mechanisms of such impairment remain unclear. In recent years， functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） has emerged as a core tool for investigating abnormal brain functional activity， owing to its non-invasive nature and high spatial resolution. This review systematically summarizes the advances of resting-state fMRI （rs-fMRI） in studies of hypoxia-related cognitive impairment. It further explores in depth how various brain function analysis methods delineate changes in brain functional metrics， which in turn provides insights into the neural mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment. Additionally， this review confirms that rs-fMRI-derived brain functional metrics can serve as early diagnostic biomarkers for hypoxia-related diseases， offering quantitative evidence for screening high-risk populations. Meanwhile， by identifying key brain regions affected by hypoxia， the review provides precise targets for preventing hypoxic cognitive impairment and establishes a scientific basis for formulating brain health strategies. Notably， the integration of artificial intelligence （AI） techniques into multi-center studies is anticipated to further enhance diagnostic accuracy and intervention efficacy. This approach will ultimately provide critical technical support for alleviating the public health burden of hypoxia-related diseases.
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